• Title/Summary/Keyword: NCR

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Histomorphometric analysis of microcrack healing after the installation of mini-implants

  • Shin, Soobin;Park, Pan-Soo;Baek, Seung-Hak;Yang, Il-Hyung
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.62-68
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the histomorphometric characteristics of the healing process of microcracks in the cortical bone after the installation of mini-implants (MIs). Methods: Self-drilling MIs were inserted into the tibial diaphysis of twelve adult male New Zealand rabbits. Four MIs per rabbit were placed randomly. The animals were divided into four groups according to the length of the healing period: group A was sacrificed immediately, group B was sacrificed after one week, group C was sacrificed after two weeks, and group D was sacrificed after four weeks. Cortical bone thickness was measured using micro-computed tomography, and histomorphometric analyses of the cumulative length of the microcracks (CLCr) and the total number of microcracks (NCr) were performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: The microcracks were radially and concentrically aligned in the peri-MI bone. The CLCr decreased significantly one week after the surgery, mainly due to healing of the concentrically aligned microcracks. The CLCr showed another significant decrease from two weeks after the surgery to four weeks after the surgery, mainly reflecting healing of the radially aligned microcracks. A statistically significant decrease in the NCr occurred as the microcracks healed from zero weeks to two weeks. However, no significant difference in the NCr was found between groups C and D. Conclusions: In order to improve the primary stability of MIs, delayed loading and a healing period of a certain length are recommended to ensure the optimal healing of microcracks and bone remodeling.

Prevalence and Genotypes of Transfusion-Transmitted Virus in Children with Hepatitis and Normal Control (정상 소아와 간염 환자에서 Transfusion-Transmitted Virus의 감염상태와 유전자형)

  • Chung, Ju Young;Han, Tae Hee;Hwang, Eung Soo;Ko, Jae Sung;Seo, Jeong Kee
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.202-212
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    • 2005
  • Purpose: Transfusion transmitted virus (TTV) is a newly discovered virus and to date the contribution of TTV to liver disease remains unclear. Little is known about the frequency of TTV infection in children in Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genotypic distribution of TTV carried by healthy children and patients with hepatitis in Korea. Methods: Eighty eight of healthy children and three groups of patients with hepatitis-14 patients with chronic hepatitis B, 12 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 25 patients with hepatitis of unknown etiology-were tested. TTV DNA was detected by semi-nested PCR using primer sets generated from N-22 region and from 5' noncoding region (NCR) of the viral genome. PCR products derived from 8 patients with hepatitis and from 11 healthy children were sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results: TTV was found by PCR with N22 primer in 11.3% of healthy children, 28.5% of children with hepatitis B, 25% of children with hepatitis C, 24% of children with hepatitis of unknown etiology. TTV DNA was found by PCR with 5'NCR primer in 32.9% of healthy children, 71.4% of patients with chronic hepatitis B, in 50% of patients with hepatitis C and in 48% of patients with hepatitis of unknown etiology. TLMV DNA was found in 48.9% of healthy children, 21.4% of patients with hepatitis B, 16.6% of patients with hepatitis C, 40% of patients with hepatitis of unknown etiology. Among the sequenced isolates, 10(52%) belonged to genotype 1 (G1) and others belonged to genotype 2 (G2) or genotype 3 (G3). Among the G1 sequences, 7 were grouped as G1a. Conclusion: TTV infection was common in healthy children and in patients with hepatitis. But, the prevalence of TTV DNA by 5'NCR primer was relatively high in patients with hepatitis B and there may be some association between TTV and hepatitis B virus infection. G1 was the major genotype of the studied population.

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Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the Full-length cDNA of Coxsackievirus B3 Isolated in Korea (한국에서 분리된 콕사키 바이러스 B3 cDNA의 클로닝 및 전체 염기서열 분석)

  • Chung, Yoon-Seok;Kim, Ki-Soon;Park, Jeong-Koo;Lee, Yoon-Sung;Shin, Soo-Youn;Cheon, Doo-Seong;Jee, Young-Mee;Kim, Moon-Bo;Na, Byoung-Kuk;Yoon, Jae-Deuk;Lee, Kwang-Ho;Song, Chul-Yong
    • The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.71-81
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    • 2000
  • We have determined and analyzed the full-length cDNA sequence of a coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) Korean isolate (CVB3-Korea/97) which has been known as a general human pathogen. The whole genome contains 7,400 nucleotides and has a single large open reading frame with 6,555 nucleotides that encodes a potential polyprotein precursor of 2,185 amino acids. The genome also contains a 5' non-coding region (NCR) of 741 bases and a 3' NCR of 104 bases followed by poly(A) tail. Sequence homologies of nucleotides and deduced amino acids between the CVB3-Korea/97 strain and the prototype (Nancy strain) were 81.7% and 91.5%, respectively. The genes encoding the functional proteins including viral protease and RNA dependent RNA polymerase showed higher homology than those encoding the structural proteins. We have further analyzed the sequences of 5' NCR, VP1 and VP2 of CVB3-Korea/97, which are known as cardiovirulent determining factors at the nucleotide and amino acid levels. Although the CVB 3-Korea/97 strain was isolated from an aseptic meningitis patient without cardiomyopathy, its 234th nucleotide and 165th amino acid were uracil and Asn as same as those of other cardiovirulent strains one. However, the 155th amino acid of VP1, which closely associated with cardiovirulence, was replaced with $Arg^{155}$ by single nucleotide substitution from $A^{2916}$ to $T^{2916}$. Moreover, additional amino acid substitutions were observed in the flanking region of $Asp^{155}$. Taken together, amino acid(s) substitution in VP1 may playa critical role in determining cardiovirulence of the CVB3-Korea/97 strain rather than individual nucleotide replacements in the 5' NCR and/or an amino acid substitution in VP2.

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Analysis of Cataloguing Rules for Cartographic Materials in KCR4 Draft (한국목록규칙 제4판 초안의 지도자료 목록규칙 분석)

  • 황옥경;남태우
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Information Management Conference
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    • 2002.08a
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    • pp.155-162
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    • 2002
  • 한국목록규칙 제4판 초안의 (지도자료)를 위한 목록 규칙을 분석하고 그 내용을 AACR2R(1998), NCR, 그리고 ISBD에서의 해당 목록 규칙들과 비교·분석한 뒤, 더욱 효율적인 지도자료 조직을 위한 한국목록규칙 제4판 초안의 수정안들을 제시하였다.

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데이터 웨어하우스 - 대형컴퓨터 업체들의 주력시장으로 '급부상'

  • Korea Database Promotion Center
    • Digital Contents
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    • no.6 s.49
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    • pp.7-8
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    • 1997
  • 데이터를 단순히 수집하고 보관한다는 차원이 아니라 이를 가공, 활용한다는 측면을 강조한 것이 데이터 웨어하우스 개념이다. 한국IBM, 한국디지탈, 한국NCR, 한국유니시스 등 대형컴퓨터 제조업체들은 자사의 엔터프라이즈급 서버를 근간으로 한 데이터 웨어하우스 솔루션을 주력사업으로 내세우며, 현재 유통, 금융, 통신시장으로 파고들고 있다. 그러나 데이터 웨어하우스를 구축하기 위해서는 적지않은 비용이 들기 때문에 시장이 만개되기 위해서는 다소 시간이 걸릴 것으로 전망된다.

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Functional assessment of attenuated mutants of Pepper mild mottle virus

  • Yoon, J.Y.;Tsuda, S.;Ryu, K.H.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.144.1-144
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    • 2003
  • Attenuated viruses can protect their hosts against challenge to their related viruses. Increasing evidence shows that mutations of the tobamoviral 126/183 kDa protein play a major role in the viral attenuation and contribute to the cross protection mechanism. In this study, four mutants of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) have been constructed by mutagenesis; two mutants, pTPpoly348 and pTPpoly762, were substituted in the middle of replicase gene, and the others, pTPL3D:: $\Delta$6207 and pTPL3D:: $\Delta$6219, were deletion mutants made by deleting some parts of pseudoknot structures of the 3' noncoding region (NCR) of the virus. Progeny viruses generated from the four mutants were infectious on N. benthamiana plants with symptomless or mild mosaic symptom. Replication efficiency and viral product accumulations of four mutants were assessed by Northern and Western blot analyses on BY-2 protoplast cells. Accumulation of CP for the pTPL3D:: $\Delta$6207 and pTPL3D:: $\Delta$6219 were lower than that of other mutants and wild type virus. These data suggest that the 3'-NCR mutations contribute to the viral gene expression in host tissues, while mutants of replicase gene rather govern the symptom expression.

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Nucleotide Sequence Analysis and Secondary Structure Modeling of the 3'-Noncoding Regions of Two Korean Strains of Turnip Mosaic Virus (순무 모자이크 바이러스 두 한국계통의 3' 말단 비번역부위에 대한 염기서열분석 및 2차구조 모델링)

  • 최장경;류기현;최국선;박원목
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.271-277
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    • 1995
  • The RNA nucleotide sequences of the 3/-noncoding regions (3'-NCRs) of two Korean strains of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), Ca and cqs, have been determined from their cDNA clones that encompassed the 3'-terminal regions of the viral genomic RNAs. The 3'-NCRs of both strains were 209 nucleotides long, terminated with GAC residues and poly (A) tails. The potential polyadenylational signal motif, UAUGU, was located 140 nucleotides upstream from the poly (A) tail in each of the virus. A highly conserved hexanucleotide sequence [A G U G A/U G/C], which was common in the 3'-NCRs of the potyvirus RNAs, was also found at the regions of 119 bases upstream from the 3'-end. Comparison of the 3'-NCRs of the two Korean isolates with those of four strains from Canada, China and Japan showed significantly identical genotypes (94.3∼99.5%). The secondary structure of three loops with long stems was found within the 3'-NCRs by sequence analysis. The substituted bases in the region among the six TuMV strains did not alter their secondary structures. Length of the 3'-NCRs of the know 11 potyviral RNAs and TuMV RNAs was different from one another and their nucleotide sequences showed 55.7% to 24.0% of homology. The 3'-NCR, therefore, is considered to be useful for phylogenetic studies in potyviruses.

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The study of 181,000 DWT BULK CARRIER global vibration characteristic by global vibration analysis (181,000 DWT BULK CARRIER 전선 진동해석을 통한 전선진동특성 고찰)

  • Lim, Gu-Sub;Jeong, Tea-Seok;Choi, Youndal-Dal;Seok, Ho-Il
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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    • 2008.11a
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    • pp.329-330
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    • 2008
  • The 181,000 DWT Bulk Carrier has a different deck house type, which is not typical for previous bulk carriers, to meet the new international rules for bulk carriers. This new deck house has much smaller transverse breadth than the hull's transverse breath, resulting in large levels of the transverse response of the deck house. In addition, the longitudinal response of the funnel showed rather a large magnitude of vibration, which are excited by the ship's main excitations such as the main engine H-moment and the propeller surface forte when the ship operates at the NCR and the MCR speeds In the ballast condition. To solve these issues, the global forced vibration analysis has been performed for the ship and the ship structure has been modified to reduce the vibration level by increasing the girder depth and adjusting the engine room tank arrangement.

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