• Title/Summary/Keyword: NATURAL ECOLOGY

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Effect of Suckling Systems on Serum Oxytocin and Cortisol Concentrations and Behavior to a Novel Object in Beef Calves

  • Chen, Siyu;Tanaka, Shigefumi;Ogura, Shin-ichiro;Roh, Sanggun;Sato, Shusuke
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.28 no.11
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    • pp.1662-1668
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    • 2015

  • We investigated differences between effects of natural- and bucket-suckling methods on basal serum oxytocin (OT) and cortisol concentrations, and the effect of OT concentration on affiliative and investigative behavior of calves to a novel object. Ten Japanese Black calves, balanced with birth order, were allocated evenly to natural-suckling (NS) and bucket suckling (BS) groups. Blood samples were collected at the ages of 1 and 2 months (1 week after weaning) calves, and serum OT and cortisol concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzymeimmunoassay tests, respectively. Each calf at the age of 2 months (2 weeks after weaning) was released into an open-field with a calf decoy, and its investigative and affiliative behaviors were recorded for 20 minutes. In 1-month-old calves, the basal serum OT concentration ($25.5{\pm}4.9$ [mean${\pm}$standard deviation, pg/mL]) of NS was significantly higher than that of BS ($16.9{\pm}6.7$) (p<0.05), whereas the basal cortisol concentration ($5.8{\pm}2.5$ [mean${\pm}$standard deviation, ng/mL]) of NS was significantly lower than that in BS ($10.0{\pm}2.8$) (p<0.05). Additionally, a negative correlation was noted between serum OT and cortisol concentrations in 1-month-old calves (p = 0.06). Further, the higher serum OT concentration the calves had at 1 month old, the more investigative the calves were at 2 months old but not affiliative in the open-field with a calf decoy. Thus, we concluded that the natural suckling method from a dam elevates the basal serum OT concentration in calves, and high serum OT concentrations induce investigative behavior and attenuate cortisol concentrations.

  • https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0330 인용 PDF KSCI

A Study on the Space Formative Concepts of Traditional Temple viewed in the Seon Ecology - Focused on Traditional Seon Buddhist Temple of Joseon Dynasty - (선(禪)생태학관점에서 본 전통사찰의 공간조형개념 연구 - 조선시대 선(禪)적 특성이 두드러진 전각을 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Go-Eun;Kim, Kai-Chun
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.58-67
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    • 2013

  • Since environmental pollution emerges as an important issue, integration of academic discipline has been accomplished for development of environmental ethics. Combination of Buddhism and Ecology is the instance of this background. The background of this research is the assumption that from Seon Ecology standpoint, Buddhist temple would define conception of Seon Ecology specifically. The study based on advanced study about Seon Ecology, the peculiarity of Seon Ecology was dependent originations, order, the nature of Buddha, moderation, and impersonated nature. In addition, this study researched how these peculiarity has relation with traditional temples. This attempt has a significance in that finding a new approach of interpreting traditional temple and possibility of Seon Ecology Seon Ecology space formative concepts of traditional temple is cyclical allness, transitory balance, Denial of perfection and natural void characteristics from Seon Ecological studies. This study examined how characteristic of Seon Ecology is reflected in traditional temple, through analyzing Buseoksa-Anyangru, Bongjeongsa-Yeonsanam, Seonamsa simgeomdang, Songgwangsa woohwagak, Hwaamsa woohwaru which have remarkable characteristic of selection using above space formative concepts. traditional temple was filled with life coexisted with dynamics, independence, and equality within interrelationship between nature and architecture.

  • https://doi.org/10.14774/JKIID.2013.22.6.058 인용 PDF

Synthesis of Columnar Na-P Zeolite by Hydrothermal Process from Natural Zeolite of Korea (천연 Zeollte로부터 열수합성에 의한 주상 Na-P Zeolite합성)

  • Zhang, Yong-Seon;Jung, Pil-Kyun;Kim, Sang-Hyo
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.36 no.6
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    • pp.357-366
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    • 2003

  • This study was conducted to develop n convenient and efficient granular type absorbent with high CEC from powdery zeolite, which is a waste produced while crushing the natural zeolite of Korea to get a particular particle size. The change of mineralogical characteristics during hydrothermal alternation of natural zeolite to Na-P zeolite in alkaline solution at various reaction times was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and total elemental analysis. The columnar aggregate of Na-P Zeolite was produced by calcinating the natural zeolite-charcoal extrudates of about 3 mm diameter. In 24 hours reaction, clinoptillonite, mordenite and feldspar in natural zeolite were disappeared by 3 N NaOH treatment, while Na-P Zeolite with spherical granular structure was newly detected by XRD. As increasing reaction time, Si/Al ratio in remaining solution was deceased. The CEC of the synthesized material increased more than 2 times compared with that of natural zeolite, although the diameter of Na-P zeolite were rather increased.

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