• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.17-18
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• 2019

해상교통관제 업무의 최적화를 위하여 요구되는 인적요소 분야 중 관제사의 상황인식(SA: Situation Awareness)와 관제 업무부하(Workload)와의 관계성을 확인하는 것이 해상교통 분야에서는 중요한 실정이다. 이 연구에서는 관제사의 상황인식과 업무부하를 상황인식평가기술(SART)과 다차원 작업부하 지표(NASA-TLX)를 실제적으로 측정하고, 측정 결과를 비교함으로서 개념들에 대한 이해와 시스템적으로 관리할 수 있는 방법을 제시함으로써 해상교통관제사 전문성 제고방안에 기여하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.25-33
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• 2012

Armed helicopter is an integral part of armed forces, which conducts vital missions, such as anti-armor attack, close air support, escorting air assault operations, and reconnaissance. A typical cockpit arrangement of armed helicopters has been a tandem configuration. This is to reduce the frontal area, which in turn increases the forward speed as well as reduces the chance of being hit by enemy fires. However, many armed helicopters in the world are now being developed as a side-by-side configuration. Such configuration is quite different from the conventional cockpit arrangement in light of the crew communications and situational awareness. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to find the optimized combination of mission tasks among pilots in a side-by-side configuration cockpit by measuring the workload using the NASA Task Load Index method. The experimental results indicate that the workload of crew members differ as disparate tasks are being performed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 1997

항법장치 인간-기계 인터페이스(HUMAN-Machine Interface)는 운전자의 편안함과 안전, 수행도 및 시스템의 사용성, 도로, 안전의 향상 등을 위한 중요한 요소로 인식되고 있 다. 그러므로 항법장치 인간-기계 인터페이스 체계가 운전자와 교통에 미치는 영향은 직접 적인 항법장치의 시장성 확보와 첨단교통체계의 전개와 성공에 영향을 미치는 중요한 기술 로 떠오르고 있으며, 특히 선진국의 인간-기계 인터페이스 표준의 연구 및 제정의 노력으로 인해 항법장치의 인간-기계 인터페이스 설계 및 평가를 위한 가이드라인과 효율적인 평가 방법의 개발이며, 이들의 데이터베이스화 역시 설계 및 평가 효율향상을 위한 기본적으로 중요하게 여겨지는 연구과제이다. 본 논문은 기존 항법장치 인간공학적 평가 방법들의 비교 평가를 통해서 적합한 항법장치의 평가방법론과 추출된 항법장치 인간-기계 인터페이스 설 계 변수를 제시하며, 이들을 가이드라인화하여 데이터베이스화 할 수 있도록 설계된 Navi HEGS(Navigation HMI Evaluation & Guideline System)에 대하여 기술한다. 또한 실험을 통하여 본 논문에서 제시된 주관적 평가 방법인 RNASA-TLX(Revision of NASA-Task Load Index)와 운전자의 시각분석의 결과를 본 시스템을 사용하여 분석 제시하며, 이들을 통해 국내 항법장치 인간-기계 인터페이스 연구의 기반을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.47-56
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• 2008

This study suggest a way to improve duty process of KTX(Korea Train Express) high-speed train driver. A new operating system which based on safety was introduced to operate high-speed train which travel above 300km/h on the high-speed railroad but below 200km/h on the general railroad. There were some studies on the operation of high-speed train which travel on the high-speed railroad and on the general railroad with safety. However they overlooked the elements of human errors. The duty-load of KTX train driver's 14 basic operation processes was measured using NASA-TLX and found four processes with high duty-load. In this paper, critical tasks of the high duty-load processes are determined using a questionnaire. Some suggestions which include the improvement of facilities, operating system and operating skill are proposed to lighten duty-load of the critical tasks. The validity of the proposed new task processes is demonstrated by making question to KTX train driver. To use this results cost-benefit analysis, hazards analysis etc. should be performed additionally.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.30-40
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• 2011

In recent years, driver information systems (DIS's) became popular and the use of DIS's increased significantly. A majority of DIS's provides touch-screen interfaces because of intuitiveness of the interaction and the flexibility of interface design. In many cases, touch-screen interfaces are mainly manipulated by fingers. In this case, investigating the effect of touch-key sizes on usability is known to be one of the most important research issues, and lots of studies address the effect of touch-key size for mobile devices or kiosks. However, there is few study on DIS's. The importance of touch-key size study for DIS's should be emphasized because it is closely related to safety issues besides usability issues. In this study, we investigated the effect of touch-key sizes of DIS's while simulated driving (0, 50, and 100km/h) considering driving safety (lateral deviation, velocity deviation, total glance time, mean glance time, total time between glances, mean number of glances) and usability of DIS's (task completion time, error rate, subjective preference, NASA TLX) simultaneously. As a result, both of driving safety and usability of DIS's increased as driving speed decreased and touch-key size increased. However, there were no significant differences when touch-key size is larger than a certain level (in this study : 17.5mm).

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.35-40
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to conduct a monitoring study on the learning process of e-learning contents. This study has two research objectives. First, by conducting monitoring research on the learning process, we aim to explore the implications for content development that reflects future student needs. Second, we want to collect empirical basic data on the estimation of appropriate amount of learning. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is a case study of learner's learning process in e-learning. After completion of the study, an in-depth interview was made after conducting a test to measure the total amount of cognitive load and the level of engagement that occurred during the learning process. The tool used to measure cognitive load is NASA-TLX, a subjective cognitive load measurement method. In the monitoring process, we observe external phenomena such as page movement and mouse movement path, and identify cognitive activities such as Think-Aloud technique. Results - In the total of three research subjects, the two courses showed excess learning time compared to the learning time, and one course showed less learning time than the learning time. This gives the following implications for content development. First, it is necessary to consider the importance of selecting the target and contents level according to the level of the subject. Second, it is necessary to design the learner participation activity that meets the learning goal level and to calculate the appropriate time accordingly. Third, it is necessary to design appropriate learning support strategy according to the learning task. This should be considered in designing lessons. Fourth, it is necessary to revitalize contents design centered on learning activities such as simulation. Conclusions - The implications of the examination system are as follows. First, it can be confirmed that there is difficulty in calculating the amount of learning centered on learning time and securing objective objectivity. Second, it can be seen that there are various variables affecting the actual learning time in addition to the content amount. Third, there is a need for reviewing the system of examination of learning amount centered on 'learning time'.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2014

The application of advanced Main Control Room(MCR) is accompanied with lots of changes and different forms and features through the virtue of new digital technologies. The characteristics of these digital technologies and devices give many opportunities to the interface management, and can be integrated into a compact single workstation in advanced MCR so that workers can operate the plant with minimum physical burden under any operation conditions. However, these devices may introduce new types of human errors and thus a means to evaluate and prevent such errors is needed, especially those related to characteristics of digital devices. This paper reviewed the new type of human error hazards of tasks based on digital devices and surveyed researches on physiological assessment related to human error. An experiment was performed to verify human error hazards by physiological responses such as EEG which was measured to evaluate the cognitive workload of operators. And also, the performances of four tasks which are representative in human error hazard tasks based on digital devices were compared. Response time, ${\beta}$ power spectrum rate of each task by EEG, and mental workload by NASA-TLX were evaluated. In the results of the experiment, the rate of the ${\beta}$ power was increased in the task 1 and task 4 which are searching and navigating task and memory task of hierarchical information, respectively. In case of the mental workload, in most of evaluation items, task 1 and 4 were highly rated comparatively. In this paper, human error hazards might be identified by highly cognitive workload. Conclusively, it was concluded that the predictive method which is utilized in this paper and an experimental verification can be used to ensure the safety when applying the digital devices in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs).