• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.343-343
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• 2002

This study examines the influence of long-range transport of dust particles and air pollutants on both local/regional DMS oxidation chemistry and the distribution of sulfur compounds at Jeju Island (33.17$^{\circ}$ N. 126.10$^{\circ}$ E) during the Asian dust-storm(ADS) period in April 2001. The atmospheric concentrations of these sulfur species were measured at a ground station on Jeju Island. Korea as Part of the ACE-Asia intensive operation. Three ADS events were observed during the periods of 10-12, 13-14. and 25-26 April. respectively. The concentrations of DMS and CS$_2$ were higher during the ADS period than during the non-Asian-dust-storm (NADS) period. Conversely. a difference in SO$_2$ levels during the ADS period was not distinguishable from those during the NADS period. The diurnal variation pattern of DMS observed was largely different from that in the remote marine boundary layer. DMS loss by NO$_3$ in the atmospheric boundary layer was dominant due to significantly high NOx levels influenced by the long-range transport of pollutants from East Asia to Jeju Island The DMS maximum during the ADS period was observed in the late afternoon. The oceanic fluxes of DMS during the ADS and NADS periods were estimated to be 5.7$\pm$2.3 and 2.9 (+2.8/-1.5) mole m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$ . respectively. The contribution of oxidized DMS to SO$_2$ levels at Jeju Island during the study period was found to be insignificant.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.429-429
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• 2002

This study examines the influence of long-range transport of dust particles and air pollutants on photochemistry of OH and NO$_3$ at Jeju Island (33.17$^{\circ}$ N, 126.10$^{\circ}$ E) during the Asian dust-storm (ADS) period in April 2001. The atmospheric concentrations of criteria pollutants (O$_3$, NO$_2$, CO) and sulfur species were measured at a ground station on Jeju Island, Korea as part of the ACE-Asia intensive operation. Three ADS events were observed during the periods of 10-12, 13-14, and 25-26 April, respectively. The concentrations of the criteria pollutants (i.e., $O_3$, NO$_2$, and SO$_2$) were not significantly different from those during the non-Asian-dust-storm (NADS) period. Average OH and NO$_3$ levels at Jeju Island during the study period (ADS and NADS) were estimated to be 4-10 $\times$ 10$^{5}$ moleculescm$^{-3}$ and 2-4 pptv, respectively. Two main sources of OH radical were the primary production from the reaction of water vapor ($H_2O$) and O(1D) radicals and the reaction of HO$_2$ with NO. CO was a dominant sink of OH during the ADS period: whereas NO$_2$ was the most important during the NADS period. for NO$_3$ radical, a reaction of NO$_2$ with $O_3$ was the most important atmospheric source; while $N_2$O$_{5}$ uptake on dust particles was the most dominant sink during the ADS period.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.2863-2866
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• 2014

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.105-121
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• 1987

1986년 영남대학교 신입생 4,834명 (남학생 ; 3,499명, 여학생 ; 1,335명)을 대상으로 1986년 1월부터 동년 2월에 걸쳐 신불안 우울척도를 사용하여 평가한 불안 우울성적의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 불안 우울성적의 평균총점은 남학생이 $31.49{\pm}6.57$이었고 여학생이 $33.37{\pm}6.84$로 양군간의 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.001). 2. 신불안 우울척도의 항목별 성적이 남녀학생 공히 높은 항목은 수면장애, 후회감, 성욕감퇴 및 피로감 등이었고 남녀학생 공히 낮은 항목은 두려움, 정신운동흥분과 지연, 졸도감 및 절망감 등이었다. 3. 신불안 우울척도의 총점이 50점 이상인 고득점자는 남학생이 99명(2.8%), 여학생이 40명(3.0%)이었다. 4. 사회정신의학적 요인들중 남녀학생의 불안 우울성적에 공히 유의한 영향을 끼친 것은 소속대학이나 소속학과에 대하여 불만인 경우, 가족분위기나 부모와의 친숙도에 대하여 불만인 경우, 과거, 현재, 미래의 자아상에 대한 태도가 비관적인 경우(이상 각각 P<0.0001) 등이며, 성장지가 시단위 이하인 경우(각각 P<0.05)등이었다. 5. 신불안 우울척도와 Zung의 자가평가 불안척도 및 우울척도간의 상관관계는 각각 0.64, 0.61의 다소 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 또 신불안 우울척도와 Leeds대학의 불안 우울척도간에는 상관계수 0.77의 높은 상관관계를 보였다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제19권E3호
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• pp.137-148
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• 2003

In this study, we examined the influence of long-range transport of dust particles and air pollutants on the photochemistry of NO$_3$on Jeju Island, Korea (33.17 N, 126.10$^{\circ}$E) during the Asian Dust-Storm (ADS) period of April 2001. Three ADS events were observed during the periods of 10∼12, 13∼14, and 25∼26 April. Average concentration level of nighttime NO$_3$on Jeju Island during the ADS period was estimated to be about 2 x 10$^{8}$ molecules cm$^{-3}$ ( - 9 pptv). Decreases in NO$_3$levels during the ADS period was likely to be determined mainly by the enhancement of the $N_2$O$_{5}$ heterogeneous reaction on dust aerosol surfaces. The reaction of N20s on aerosol surfaces was a more important sink for nighttime N03 during the ADS due to the significant loading of dust particles. The reaction of $N_2$O$_{5}$ with NMHCs and the gas-phase reaction of N20s with water vapor were both significant loss mechanisms during the study period, especially during the NADS. However, dry deposition of these oxidized nitrogen species and a heterogeneous reaction of NO$_3$were of no importance. Short-term observations of $O_3$, NO$_2$, DMS, and SO$_2$in the MBL indicated that concentrations of most of these chemical species were different between the ADS and non - Asian - Dust-Storm (NADS) periods, implying that their levels were affected sensitively by the differences in air mass trajectories.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.54-67
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• 1992

1991년 10월부터 1992년 3월까지 부산시에 소재하는 세개 종합병원 임상 각 과의 비정신과 환자 497명과 DSM-III-R진단 기준에 의거하여 정신장애로 진단되어 입원중인 정신과 환자 42명을 대상으로 신불안 우울척도(NADS)와 정신증 척도(PSCS)를 사용하여 평가한 결과는 다음과 같다. 비정신과 환자군의 불안 우울 점수의 평균은 $34.4{\pm}10.4$, 정신과 환자의 점수는 $50.5{\pm}18.3$으로 정신과 환자군이 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 비정신과 환자의 정신증 점수 평균은 $3.9{\pm}4.4$, 정신과 환자군은 $20.3{\pm}9.8$로 정신과 환자군이 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 사회정신의학적 요인들중 불안 우울 및 정신증 성적에 공통적으로 유의한 영향을 끼친것은 가정분위기 및 가족과의 친숙도에 불만족인 경우(각각 P<0.001, P<0.001) 및 미래 현재 과거의 자아상에 대한 태도에 있어서 비관적인 경우(각각 P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001), 과거 정신과적 치료 및 입원 경험이 있었던 경우(각각 P<0.01, P<0.01)등이었다. 불안 우울 척도와 정신증(${\gamma}$ = 0.74), 과거 자아상과 현재 자아상에 대한 태도(${\gamma}$ = 0.45), 현재 자아상과 미래 자아상에 대한 태도(${\gamma}$ = 0.45), 과거 자아상과 미래 자아상(${\gamma}$ = 0.34) 가정 분위기 및 가족과의 친숙도 (${\gamma}$ = 0.49) 사이에 상관관계가 있었다. 희귀분석결과 불안 우울 정도를 설명 예측할 수 있는 변수들의 중요도는 현재 자아상에 대한 태도, 가족과의 친숙도, 미래의 자아상에 대한 태도, 과거 자아상에 대한 태도, 가정 분위기 순이었다. 불안 우울 및 정신증 성적 결과에 따라서 판별 분석 결과, 집단이 잘못 분류된 사례는 비정신과 환자군 중 22명, 정신과 환자군중 2명이었다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.29-38
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• 1987

1987년 영남대학교 신입생 3,816명 (남학생 ; 2,564명, 여학생 ; 1,252명)을 대상으로 1987년 1월부터 동년 2월까지 신불안 우울척도를 사용하여 평가한 불안 우울성적의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 불안 우울성적의 평균총점은 남학생이 $33.41{\pm}8.76$이었고, 여학생이 $35.43{\pm}9.02$로 양균간에 유의한 차이가 있었다.(P<0.001). 2. 신불안 우울척도의 항목별 성적이 남녀학생 공 공히 높은 항목은 수면장애, 후회감, 안면홍조 및 피로 등이었고 남녀학생 공히 낮은 항목은 졸도감, 절망감, 자살의도, 두려움 및 악몽 등이었다. 3. 신불안 우울척도의 총점이 50점이상인 고득점자는 남학생이 139명(5.4%), 여학생이 88명(7.0%)이었다. 4. 사회정신의학적 요인들중 남녀학생의 불안 우울성적에 공히 영향을 끼친 것은 가정분위기나 부모의 친숙도에 대하여 불만일 경우, 소속대학이나 소속 학과에 대하여 불만일 경우 및 과거, 현재 및 미래의 자아상에 대한 태도가 비판적인 경우 (이상 각 P<0.001) 등이었다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.600-605
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• 2012

In this paper, the acoustic performance of a shipboard large-sized room unit is studied. The room unit is a kind of rectangular absorptive chamber with a partition whose surface absorptive material with fabric skin is attached to. The room unit has one inlet and three outlet. At the inlet, a plane damper is installed to control the flow rate. The acoustic performance of a prototype room unit is measured using a HVAC mock-up. It is shown that its insertion loss is comparable with that of a commercially-used room unit but the developed room unit generates flow noise higher than the other one. The major source of flow noise is analyzed by NADS-R, the noise analysis program for room unit. Cone-shaped dampers are proposed to be used as the damper of a room unit to reduce flow noise. It is shown that the cone-shaped damper decrease flow noise remarkably.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.468-473
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• 2012

In this paper, the acoustic performance of a shipboard large-sized room unit is studied. The room unit is a kind of rectangular absorptive chamber with a partition whose surface absorptive material with fabric skin is attached to. The room unit has one inlet and three outlets. At the inlet, a plane damper is installed to control the flow rate. The acoustic performance of a prototype room unit is measured using a HVAC mock-up. It is shown that its insertion loss is comparable with that of a commercially-used room unit but the developed room unit generates flow noise higher than the other one. The major source of flow noise is analyzed by NADS-R, the noise analysis program for room unit. Cone-shaped dampers are proposed to be used as the damper of a room unit to reduce flow noise. It is shown that the cone-shaped damper decrease flow noise remarkably.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.561-568
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• 2014

The Republic of Korea Army is using R-NAD of MIL-STD-188-220 as a Media Access Control protocol. Under urgent situations, almost all stations transmit data frames and then the network will reach a saturation state. Several articles have been devoted to the study of R-NAD performance. However, most of them focus on comparing the performance of some NADs using network simulation tools. We propose an analytical model to compute the throughput of R-NAD under the assumption of a network traffic saturation. Analytical results were verified by Monte Carlo methods. We have shown that the performance of a success probability and an average idle time remains almost unchanged as the total number of stations increases. We have also shown that Type 1/2/4 operation mode outperforms Type 3 operation mode in throughput. The results showed that the system with a squelch detection achieved a better performance than the one without it. The longer DATA time had a higher throughput.