• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.172-177
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• 2023

This study assessed risk factors for blood transfusion after Cesarean section in patients with partial placenta previa. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 149 patients who underwent Cesarean sections for partial placenta previa between January 2010 and October 2021. Clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups: the blood transfusion group (n=22), defined as patients who received a blood transfusion during surgery or within 24 hours after surgery, and the non-blood transfusion group (n=127), which included other patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified two risk factors independently associated with blood transfusion: antenatal hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 16.283; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.405-60.190; P<0.001) and preoperative hemoglobin (g/dL) (aOR, 0.427; 95% CI, 0.246-0.739; P=0.002). Thus, patients who are at risk for these two factors should be carefully managed with sufficient preparation for blood transfusion and anesthetic management.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2013

In this study, we changed the input parameters (gas mixing ratio, RF power, DC bias voltage, and process pressure), and then monitored the effect on TiN etch rate and selectivity with $SiO_2$. When the RF power, DC-bias voltage, and process pressure were fixed at 700 W, - 150 V, and 15 mTorr, the etch rate of TiN increased with increasing $CF_4$ content from 0 to 20 % in $CF_4$/Ar plasma. The TiN etch rate reached maximum at 20% $CF_4$ addition. As RF power, DC bias voltage, and process pressure increased, all ranges of etch rates for TiN thin films showed increasing trends. The analysis of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was carried out to investigate the chemical reactions between the surfaces of TiN and etch species. Based on experimental data, ion-assisted chemical etching was proposed as the main etch mechanism for TiN thin films in $CF_4$/Ar plasma.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.223-228
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• 1993

In this paper, we use the Patterson-Sullivan measure and results of [H] to show that for a nonelementary discrete group of divergence type, the conical limit set .LAMBDA.$_{c}$ has positive Patterson-Sullivan measure. The definition of the Patterson-Sullivan measure for groups of divergence type is reviewed in section 2. The Patterson-Sullivan measure can also be defined for groups of convergence type and the details for that case can be found in [N]. Necessary definitions and results from [H] are given in section 3, and in section 4, we prove our main result.t.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1995

In this paper we show that for each divisor class c of degree zero on a projective curve C (not necessarily smooth), there exists a unique function $\hat{h}_c$ on C up to bounded functions. Section 1 contain basic definitions and a brief summary of classical results on Jacobians and heights. In section 2, we prove the existence of "canonical height" on a singular curves and in section 3 we prove the analogouse results on N$\acute{e}$ron functions for singular curves. This is a part of the author's doctorial thesis at Ewha Womens University under the guidence of professor Sung Sik Woo.g Sik Woo.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1983년도 하계학술회의강연.논문초록집
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• pp.183-184
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• 1983

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.345-352
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• 2014

Objectives: This study is aimed to describe the current situation about urinary biomarker N-methylformamide(NMF) for workers exposed to N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) according to industrial classification. Materials: Special health examination records of the workers who had undergone urinary biological monitoring in 2013 were collected. The numbers and percentage of workers, whose urinary NMF values were above the limit of detection(LOD) and above the biological exposure index(BEI) were calculated. Health relatedness with DMF as judged by their doctors was also described. All description was classified according to the $9^{th}$ Korean Standard Industrial Classification(KSIC). Results: It appeared that most workers exposed to DMF belong to manufacturing section(80.7%). The geometric mean(GM) values of urinary NMF were 6.25 mg/L, 3.54, and 3.86 for the manufacturing section, professional, scientific and technical activities section, and for the construction section respectively. In detail, it seemed that division of textiles(except apparel) (GM 7.51 mg/L), division of leather, luggage and footwear(11.59 mg/L), and division of rubber and plastic products(6.89 mg/L) were highly exposed to DMF with a high percentage of workers with urinary NMF values above BEI. This was probably due to the effect of skin absorption that the division of leather, luggage and footwear showed the highest urine NMF GM. Conclusions: It seemed that workers in manufacture industries such as textile, leather, luggage, footwear, rubber and plastic products were highly exposed to DMF. So, efforts should be focused on those industries in order to effectively diminish worker's exposure. Further studies to compare DMF air-monitoring with bio-monitoring according to industrial classification should be considered.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.379-386
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• 2013

Background: Shivering related to spinal anesthesia may interfere with monitoring and is uncomfortable. The aim of the present study was to investigate low-dose intrathecal meperidine for the prevention of shivering after induction of spinal anesthesia in parturients with cesarean section. Methods: This was a prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial including 100 parturients, of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II, scheduled for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia who were randomly assigned to a meperidine (0.2 mg/kg) plus hyperbaric lidocaine (5%, 75 mg, n = 50; group M) group or a placebo plus hyperbaric lidocaine (5%, 75 mg, n = 50; group L) group. Demographic and surgical data, adverse events, and the mean intensity for each parturient were assessed during the entire study period by a blinded observer. Results: There were no significant differences between the two study groups regarding the demographic and surgical data (P > 0.05). The incidence of shivering during the entire study period significantly decreased in the group of parturients who received intrathecal meperidine (P = 0.04). There were no significant differences in nausea and vomiting between the two groups. Conclusions: Low-dose intrathecal meperidine (10 mg) is safe and effective in reducing the incidence and severity of shivering associated with spinal anesthesia in parturients with cesarean section.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2015년도 제27회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.240-245
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• 2015

일반영역 음성인식은 n-gram 희소성 문제로 인해 대용량의 언어모델이 필요하다. 대용량 언어모델은 분산형 모델로 구현될 수 있고, 사용자 입력에 대한 동적 언어모델 보간 기술을 통해 음성인식 성능을 개선할 수 있다. 본 논문은 동적 언어모델 보간 기술에 대한 새로운 접근방법을 시도한다. 텍스트 군집화를 통해 주제별 언어모델을 생성한다. 여기서 주제는 사용자 입력 영역에 대응한다. 본 논문은 사용자 입력에 대하여 실시간으로 주제별 언어모델의 보간 가중치 값을 계산하는 접근 방법을 제시한다. 또한 언어모델의 보간 가중치 값 계산의 부담을 감소하기 위해 언어모델 군집화를 통해 대용량 언어모델 보간 접근 방법의 연산 부담을 해소하기 위한 시도를 한다. 주제별 언어모델에 기반하고 언어모델 군집화를 통한 동적 언어모델 보간 기술의 실험 결과 음성인식 오류 감소율 6.89%를 달성했다. 또한 언어모델 군집화 기술은 음성인식 정확도를 0.09% 저하시켰을 때 실행 시간을 17.6% 개선시키는 실험결과를 보였다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of aroma inhalation on subjective quality of sleep, state anxiety, and depression of mothers who underwent a Cesarean section delivery. Methods: This study was designed as a nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental study based upon data acquired through a pre-post test. The experimental group (n=33) was given general obstetric nursing care plus dry inhalation method using lavender essential oil, in which each mother put one drop on a tissue and breathe near it for 5 minutes before going to bed. Then they put 1~2 drops on their pillow for 6 nights. The control group (n=34) was only given general obstetric nursing care. Data were collected using a questionnaire for measures of subjective quality of sleep, state anxiety, and depression by self-report. ${\chi}^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and ANCOVA with SPSS/Win12.0 were used to analyze the data. Results: There were significant differences in subjective quality of sleep (p<.001), state anxiety (p=.049) and depression (p=.029). Conclusion: The results suggest that aroma inhalation method can be an effective nursing intervention to improve quality of sleep and decrease anxiety and depression in postpartum mothers suffering from stress related to a Cesarean section delivery.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2014

Based on the kernel function, a new test is presented, testing $H_0:\bar{F}$ is exponential against $H_1:\bar{F}$ is UBACT and not exponential is given in section 2. Monte Carlos null distribution critical points for sample sizes n = 5(5)100 is investigated in section 3. The Pitman asymptotic efficiency for common alternatives is obtained in section 4. In section 5 we propose a test statistic for censored data. Finally, a numerical examples in medical science for complete and censored data using real data is presented in section 6.