• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.225-232
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• 2015

We evaluated the effect of mixed liquid fertilizer (MLF) on growth responses of plants and soil chemical properties. A pot experiment with red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using loam soil was conducted for 81 days in a temperature-controlled glasshouse, and four N fertilization treatments were laid out in a completely randomized design with three replicates: control (C), chemical fertilizer treatment (CF), and two rates (MLF-0.5 and MLF-1.0) of MLF treatment. Soils were periodically sampled and analyzed for pH, EC(Electrical Conductivity), total N, inorganic N and total C, and some growth characteristics of red peppers were measured. During the experimental periods, the pH of MLF soils was higher than that of CF soils. Soil EC increased right after application of CF or MLF, and the intial increase persisted in CF and MLF soils at the end of experiment. Soil total-N increased right after application of CF or MLF, and this initial increase persisted only in MLF-1.0 soils. Soil inorganic N content initially increased in CF or MLF-1.0 soils, but the initial increase disappeared in 56 days after transplanting. Soil total-C was maintained higher in MLF-1.0 soils and lower in CF soils than in control soils, and the intial increase in MLF-1.0 soils finally disappeared to the level of control soils. Plant height, dry weight of plant organs (shoots, roots and fruit), and the number, diameter and length of red pepper fruits were greatest in CF plants. On the other hand, the effect of MLF-application was different depending on the rate of application. However, no consistent effect of N treatments on some major elements of the organs of red peppers was observed. The amounts of N taken up by plants were 1.3 g for CF, 0.8 g for MLF-1.0, 0.5 g for MLF-0.5 and 0.4 g for control treatments. The results of this study showed that mixed liquid fertilizer (MLF) could appropriately serve as an alternative to chemical N fertilizer in red pepper cultivation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.396-399
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• 1989

Pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke) is a promising forage crop that is resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses, and has a capability to grow well not only in the fertile soil, but also in the poor and dry soil, The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of increased fertilizer application level on the productivity and Quality of pearl millet in the old and newly reclaimed upland soils of Suwon, Chungju, Jeonju, Jinju and Jeju in Korea from 1986 to 1988, Plant height, green fodder yield, protein content and digestibility were increased by the increased fertilizer application level. However, the increased fertilizer application caused lodging, so that the plants grown above one meter in canopy height would be desiable to be clipped remaining 20cm above the ground surface before lodging, and fed to cattle, Mean green yields of the N 45-60kg/l0a application were 12.7-13.4t/l0a in the old upland soil. Increased phosphorus and potash fertilizer application also increased productivity, especially with potash fertilizer effect being higher than that of phosphorus fertilizer, In the newly reclaimed upland soil, improved and doubled fertilizer application plot of 60-60-40-4000kg/10a in N-P$_2$O$\sub$5/-K$_2$O-Compost was 38％ higher being 12.6t/10a of green fodder yield as compared with standard fertilizer application plot, Pearl millet productivity and Quality were higher than those of maize and sorghum/sudan grass hybrids, particularly in green fodder yield, protein content and digestibility.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2000

Antioxidant activity and related components including tocopherols, phenolic compounds and carotenoids in the corn(Zea mays L.) kernels were measured to understand effects of fertilizer application. Hybrids used were Chalok 2, a waxy corn, and Suwon 19, a dent corn. The standard fertilizer level of N-P-K was 14.5-3-6 for Chalok 2 and 17.4-3-6.9 for Suwon 19. The treatments of the fertilizer levels were the standard level, half and two fold amounts of N, P, and K, and no fertilizer. The antioxidant activity was determined by measuring electron donating ability. The antioxidant activity of Chalok 2 was higher than Suwon 19. The antioxidant activity was the highest at the standard fertilizer treatment for Chalok 2, but was statistically not significant. The antioxidant activity and the related compounds content in Suwon 19, however, were the highest in the two fold nitrogen treatment, and the differences were significant. The contents of tocopherols, phenolic compounds and carotenoids were 30.0~38.1, 104.7~118.8, $0.1{\mu}gml^{-1}$, respectively for Chalok 2 and 16.7~20.1, 59.9~72.7, $35.5{\sim}50.0{\mu}gml^{-1}$, respectively for Suwon 19. The antioxidant activity was positively correlated with the grain yield in both cultivars. The shorter the ASI the higher the yield of the plant. The difference in genetic factors would affect greater influence than fertilizer effect on the antioxidant activity of corn.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.1120-1125
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• 2012

To assess fertilizer value of an quasi-aerobically fermented liquid clipped-grass fertilizer, aerobic incubation experiment using two texturally contrasting loam (L) and sandy loam (SL) soils was conducted for 60 days to investigate temporal variations in N mineralization pattern of the liquid fertilizer applied. To do so, the quasi-aerobically fermented liquid clipped-grass fertilizer was prepared, applied to each soil at a rate of 200 kg-N $ha^{-1}$ and aerobically $25^{\circ}C$ in the dark. During incubation, soil water content was adjusted to field moisture capacity (-33 kPa of soil matric potential) by adding distilled water as necessary to maintain their initial weights. At desired time of incubation (0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 days after incubation), soil was sampled and analyzed for inorganic nitrogen ($NH_4{^+}$-N and $NO_3{^-}$-N) concentrations, pH, EC, total carbon contents and total nitrogen contents. Concentrations of $NH_4{^+}$-N began to decrease right after incubation for L soils, and 10 days after incubation for SL soils, while those of $NO_3{^-}$-N began to increase onset of $NH_4{^+}$-N disappearance. The results of this study showed that quasi-aerobically fermented liquid clipped-grass fertilizer could serve as an alternative to chemical N fertilizer.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.628-637
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• 1999

This study was conducted to elucidate the leaf characteristics, leaf number and fertilizing level in perilla, Perilla frutescens, which was cultivated using five types organic compost with three level. Number of the harvested leaves was effective in Heulgnara with 800 kg/10 and Poongjag with 1200 kg/10 at 70 days and organic compost were the highest in Sarang followed by Heulgnara and Poongjag in order. Number of leaf harvested during the fifth times was the highest Poongjag followed by Heulgnara and Sarang in order. Leaf length and leaf width were the highest in Poongjag with 1200 kg/10 a at 70 days. Simple method for calculation of fertilizer level was N 6.09 kg and slaked lime 36.56 kg in Heulgnara 100 kg per 10 a. Recommendation level of chemical fertilizer in Heulgnara due to fertilizer method was N 275.10 kg, P 4.3 kg and K 10 kg per 10 a.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 1999.10c
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• pp.670-675
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• 1999

The effect of fertilizer applicatioin on ponded and percolation water in paddies were evaluated at the field plots of the Chungbuk National University for irrigation period. The chemical fertilicers were applied to the study polts at an average application rate of 77, 110, 165kgN/ha, respectively. The concentration of T-N , T-P and COD in ponded water greatly depends on the amount and timing of fertilizer applied. Therefore, the decrease in the amount of fertilizer and proper water management may be needed to decrease in the amount of fertilizer and proper water management may be needed to reduce the runoff loading.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.342-349
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• 1998

In order to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) rate and application method on the recovery of N fertilizer applied in spring and summer by Satsuma mandarins (cv. Miyakawa Wase), N as urea was surface-applied at the rates of 50 (applied with 20 mm water; 50% N application) and 100% (three treatments; applied as solid, with 5 or 20 mm water) of the recommended rate ($150kg\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$) on 25 March and 12 June with an application ratio of 50 and 20%. The labeled N was applied only once in spring or summer. There were no differences among the four treatments in fruit yield, fruit quality except acid content of juice, and N content of leaves. The recovery of fertilizer N applied in spring by a tree ranged from 7.8 to 8.3% and that of N applied in summer ranged from 11.3 to 14.2% at the three recommended N rates and was 18.0% for the 50% N application. The recovery of fertilizer N applied in spring in the upper 40 cm of soil ranged from 32.1 to 37.7% at the three recommended N rates and was 55.8% at the 50% N application. For N applied in summer, it was 69.8% for surface application of the recommended N rate and ranged from 80.7 to 84.4% for the three N applications with water. The total (tree+soil) recovery of N fertilizer applied in spring was highest (64.1%) for the 50% N application and ranged from 40.3 to 45.5% for the three recommended N rates. The total recovery of N fertilizer applied in summer was also highest (99.4%) for the 50% N application and tended to be higher for the application of N with water than surface application and to increase with increasing irrigation amount of N application.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.13-21
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• 2021

The feasibility of HWS for agricultural use was analyzed through a crop cultivation test to utilize the hydroponic waste solution (HWS) generated from the nutriculture greenhouse. The fertilizing effect of HWS was assessed on the basis of the inorganic nitrogen (N) mostly existed in HWSs, and nitrogen (urea) fertilizer. Lettuce was selected as the target crop influenced by the soil treatment and also for the crop cultivation test. Thus, the change in growth characteristics of lettuce and that in chemical characteristics of the soil were investigated. In terms of the growth of lettuce, the C control group with 70% nitrogen (urea) fertilizer and 30% HWS and the D control group with 50% nitrogen (urea) fertilizer and 50% HWS were more effective than the practice control group (B) with 100% nitrogen (urea) fertilizer. The results of this study confirmed the combined applicability of the chemical fertilizer and HWS for crop cultivation. Because NO₃-N present in HWS has a high possibility of leaching into the soil, its applicability as a fertilizer has been considered to be relatively low in Korea. However, if an appropriate mixing ratio of urea fertilizer and HWS could be applied, the problems associated with leaching of nitrate nitrogen could be reduced with beneficial effects on crop cultivation. Thus, future studies are required on the treatment effect of HWS with repeated cultivation, impact assessment on the surrounding environment, and appropriate fertilization methods using nitrogen (urea) fertilizer and HWS. These studies would facilitate the sustainable recycling of HWS.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 1989

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of 13 different application levels of nitrogen(N), phosphorous($P_2O_5$) and potassium($K_2O$) fertilizer at pasture establishment on the winter survival, early spring growth and dry matter(DM) yield, and contents of crude protein(CP) and carbohydrate resewes(CH0-R) of grasses in Suwon from September, 1987 to June, 1988. Winter survival of grasses was high (ca. 90 %) in the plots of N 80 kg, N 120 kg and $K_2O$ application, regardless of $P_2O_5$, while those in zero-N and zero-NPK plots were low as 76 % and 64 %, respectively. Close relationships were observed between winter survival and N & $K_2O$ fertilizer. Early spring growth was vigorous in N-fertilized plots. Heading rate at the first harvest was 50-70 % in all N-plots, regardless of $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$, while those in zero-N and zero-NPK plots were very low as 20-26 % and 15-18 %,respectively. The DM yield of first harvest was higher in the plots of N 80 kg $ha^{-1}$, regardless of $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ levels, and those in zero-N and zero-NPK plots were very low (P < 0.05). The regrowth yleld was not significantly affected by fertilizer levels. The CP content was increased with increasing N level, but CHO-K contents (35-39 %)was not affected by fertilizer levels.Winter survival, early spring growth, DM yield and CP content were significantly influenced by N fertilizer at pasture establishment, regardless of $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ application. In this experiment, the compensation effect for spring yield was observed with more N application than usual in next early spring when deficient amount of fertilizer (especially N) was applicated at pasture establishment. Also the optimum application levels of N, $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ fertilizer could be recommended as 80, 200 and 70 kg $ha^{-1}$ in new establishing pasture, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.37-44
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• 2020

The Project supporting organic fertilizer started in 1999 as a national policy. In farmhouse, over application of mixed organic compound fertilizer(OC) caused salt accumulation in plastic film house soil. To replace inorganic fertilizer with OC fertilizer, this study was investigated the effect of OC application on yield and soil chemical properties for lettuce cultivation in plastic film house. The OC fertilizer was applied at 50(OC50+N50), 100(OC100), and 150(OC150) % level of the basal amount of nitrogen fertilizer in soil testing recommendation. And these were compared to NPK(nitrogen, phosphat, and potash fertilizer) and PK treatment. The yield of lettuce in OC100 was similar to that of NPK treatment. In OC 50, 100 and 150 treatments, pH had a tendency to increase than that of NPK treatment. Nitrate nitrogen(NO₃-N) and electrical conductivity(EC) were similar to NPK treatment. These showed that nutrients from OC fertilizer were less likely to accumulate in soil than NPK. Also, use efficiency of nitrogen in OC100 treatment were similar to NPK treatment. These results suggest that OC application as the basal dressing at the 100% level could be best to prevent a nutrient accumulation of soil and to increase the yield and commercial quality for lettuce.