• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2000

Composting of N-rich wastes such as food waste and wastewater sludges can be associated loss of with substantial gaseous N, which means loss of an essential plant nutrient but may also lead to environmental pollution. We investigated the behavior of nitrogenous materials during the first high-rate phase in composting of food waste. Air dried food waste was mixed with shredded waste paper or wood chip and reacted in a bench scale composting reactor. Samples were analyzed for pH, ammonia, oxidized nitrogen and organic nitrogen. The volatilized ammonia nitrogen was also analyzed using sulfuric acid as an absorbent solution. Initial progress of composting reaction greatly influenced the ammonification of organic nitrogen. A well-balanced composting reaction with an addition of active compost as an inoculum resulted in the promoted mineralization of organic nitrogen and volatilization of ammonia. The prolongation of initial low pH period delayed the production of ammonia. It was also found that nitrogen loss was highly dependent on the air flow supplied. With an increase in input air flow, the loss of nitrogen as an ammonia also increased, resulted in substantial reduction of ammonia content in compost. The conversion ratio of initial nitrogen into ammonia was in the range of 28 to 38% and about 77~94% of the ammonia produced was escaped as a gas. Material balance on the nitrogenous materials was demonstrated to provide an information of importance on the behavior of nitrogen in composting reaction.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.499-506
• /
• 2019

This paper is concerned with the operating stability of 7kW inverter using SIC hybrid module and verifies the validity of the simulation results by comparing the result of the loss equation and the simulation result, Simulation results using Si module and SiC hybrid module are compared to compare switch loss and diode loss. Through the loss equation calculation, the conduction loss of SiC Hybrid module is 168W, switching loss is 9.3W, diode loss is 10.5nW, When compared with the simulation results, similar values were shown. As a result of comparing the simulation results of the Si module and the SiC Hybrid module, The total device loss of the Si module was 246.2W, and the total device loss of the SiC Hybrid module was 189.9W. The loss difference was 56.3W, which was about 0.8W. thereby verifying the reverse recovery characteristics of the SiC SBD. In addition, temperature saturation test was conducted to confirm the stability of SiC Hybrid module and Si module under high temperature saturation, In the case of the Si module, the output power was stopped at 4kW, and the SiC Hybrid module was confirmed to operate at 7kW. Based on this, an efficiency graph and a temperature graph are presented, and the Si module is graphed up to 4kW and the SiC Hybrid module is graphed up to 7kW.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.430-433
• /
• 2017

This paper presents a S/C/X-band LNA MMIC with resistive feedback structure in 0.25 um GaN HEMT process. The GaN devices have advantages as a high output power device having high breakdown voltage, energy band gap and stability at high temperature. Since the receiver using the GaN device with high linearity can be implemented without a limiter, the noise figure of the receiver can be improved and the size of receiver module can be reduced. The proposed GaN LNA MMIC based on 0.25 um GaN HEMT device is achieved the gain of > 15 dB, the noise figure of < 3 dB, the input return loss of > 13 dB, and the output return loss of > 8 dB in the S/C/X-band. The current consumption of GaN LNA MMIC is 70 mA with the drain voltage 20 V and the gate voltage -3 V.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.8-18
• /
• 1997

In this paper, a New Low Loss Quasi-Parallel Resonant DC-Link(NLQPRDCL) Inverter which shows highly improved PWM capability, low loss characteristic and low voltage stress is presented. A method to minimize freewheeling interval, which is able to largely decrease DC-link operation losses and to steadily guarantee soft switching in the wide operation region is also proposed. In addition, lossless control of zero voltage duration of DC-link makes the proposed inverter maintain the advanced PWM capability even under a very low modulation index. Experiment and simulation were performed to verify validity of the proposed inverter topology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2012.06d
• /
• pp.346-347
• /
• 2012

네트워크의 안정성을 보장하면서 멀티미디어 스트리밍 서비스의 품질을 향상시키기 위해서 TFRC(TCP-Friendly Rate Control) 프로토콜이 제안되었다. 그러나 TFRC의 Slow-start 알고리즘은 TCP와 같이 가용대역폭을 초과하여 패킷을 전송하는 오버슈트 (Overshoot) 문제로 인해 스트리밍 비디오 화질을 열화시키는 패킷 손실을 발생시킨다. 본 논문에서는 TFRC의 오버슈트에 의한 패킷 손실을 줄이기 위한 Slow-start 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 네트워크의 혼잡 정도에 따라서 전송률의 증가량을 감소시킴으로써 패킷 손실을 감소시켰다. 시뮬레이션을 통해서 제안하는 알고리즘이 기존의 Slowstart 알고리즘 보다 적은 패킷 손실을 발생시키는 것을 보였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2012.06d
• /
• pp.196-198
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 무선 네트워크 환경에서 미디어 스트리밍의 품질을 향상시키기 위해 패킷 손실과 수신측의 버퍼 상태를 고려하여 적응적으로 전송률을 조절하는 기법을 제안하였다. 제안하는 기법은 멀티미디어 프레임을 구성하는 패킷의 일부가 손실되어도 멀티미디어의 품질에 미치는 영향이 적은 특성을 이용하여 TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)의 단일 패킷 손실이 아닌 다중 패킷 손실을 기반으로 전송률을 조절하고, 수신측의 버퍼 상태에 따라 TCP의 감소율을 조절한다. 이를 통해 안정된 멀티미디어 스트리밍을 제공하여 사용자의 품질을 향상시킨다. 실험 결과를 통해 제안한 기법이 기존 기법에 비해 부드러운 스트리밍 서비스를 제공하는 것을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2007.07a
• /
• pp.1257-1258
• /
• 2007

본 논문에서는 초전도 플라이휠 에너지 저장장치에 저장된 에너지의 손실을 평가하였다. 초전도 베어링은 저어널 타입이며 수직축형태로 플라이휠 시스템을 구성하였다. 초전도 플라이휠에 사용하는 전동발전기의 회전자를 영구자석을 사용하는 경우 코어의 사이즈 및 체적 변화에 따른 회전 손실과 진공에 따른 풍손이 회전손실에 미치는 영향을 평가 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.945-948
• /
• 1998

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.773-776
• /
• 1998

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
• /
• 1994.06a
• /
• pp.474-478
• /
• 1994