• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2024

For precise cardiac diagnostics and treatment, we introduce a novel method for patient-specific mapping between myocardial and coronary anatomy, leveraging local variations in myocardial thickness. This complex system integrates and automates multiple sophisticated components, including left ventricle segmentation, myocardium segmentation, long-axis estimation, coronary artery tracking, and advanced geodesic Voronoi distance mapping. It meticulously accounts for variations in myocardial thickness and precisely delineates the boundaries between coronary territories according to the conventional 17-segment myocardial model. Each phase of the system provides a step-by-step approach to automate coronary artery mapping onto the myocardium. This innovative method promises to transform cardiac imaging by offering highly precise, automated, and patient-specific analyses, potentially enhancing the accuracy of diagnoses and the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for various cardiac conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.7-19
• /
• 2016

Purpose: To investigate the effect of early hypothermia on post-resuscitation myocardial recovery and survival time after cardiac arrest and resuscitation in a rat model of myocardial infarction(MI). Methods: Thoracotomies were performed in 10 male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 450-455g. Myocardial infarction was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Ninety minutes after arterial ligation, ventricular fibrillation was induced, cardiopulmonary resuscitation was subsequently performed before defibrillation was attempted. Animals were randomized to control group and experimental group(acute MI-normothermia)($32^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours). Duration of survival was recorded. Myocardial functions, including cardiac output, left ventricular ejection fraction, and myocardial performance index were measured using echocardiography. Results: Myocardial function was significantly better in hypothermia group than the control group during the first 4 hours post-resuscitation. The survival time of the experimental group was greater than that of the control group(p<.050). Conclusion: This study suggests that early hypothermia can attenuate post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction after acute myocardial function, and may be a useful strategy in post-resuscitation care.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.129-148
• /
• 2016

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the three emergency diseases that require urgent diagnosis and treatment in the golden hour. It is important to identify the status of the coronary artery in AMI due to the nature of disease. Therefore, multi-modal medical images, which can effectively show the status of the coronary artery, have been widely used to diagnose AMI. However, the legacy system has provided multi-modal medical images with flat and unstructured data. It has a lack of semantic information between multi-modal images, which are distributed and stored individually. If we can see the status of the coronary artery all at once by integrating the core information extracted from multi-modal medical images, the time for diagnosis and treatment will be reduced. In this paper, we analyze semantic relations between multi-modal medical images based on coronary anatomy for AMI. First, we selected a coronary arteriogram, coronary angiography, and echocardiography as the representative medical images for AMI and extracted semantic features from them, respectively. We then analyzed the semantic relations between them and defined the convergence data model for AMI. As a result, we show that the data model can present core information from multi-modal medical images and enable to diagnose through the united view of AMI intuitively.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 1998

Ultrastructural study of the development of the atrioventricular (AV) node was studied by electron microscopy in human fetus ranging from 30 mm to 260 mm crown rump length, and compared with human adult. By 30 mm fetus, the right AV nodal primordium was located below the attachment of the right venous valve. The left AV nodal primordium was observed below the attachment of septum primum. The cytoplasm of the nodal primordia contained few mitochondria, and myofibrils. These cells were apposed to each other with occasional desmosomes. In 40 mm fetus, the AV node cells were poorly organized myofibrils, while working myocardial cells were well organized myofibrils with sarcomere. At 70 mm fetus, intercalated discs were developed in the working myocardial cells. At 100 mm fetus, the nodal cells contained a relatively clear cytoplasm with a few groups of myofibrils and mitochondria. By $140\sim200$ mm fetuses, the nodal cells were an increasing number of myofibrils and mitochondria and these were scattered throughout the cytoplasm. At 260 mm fetus, the nodal cells were small and contained a clear cytoplasm with sparse and poorly organized myofibrils and mitochondria. All major ultrastructural features which characterize the adult AV nodal cells were found in this stage. The working myocardial cells were larger and had a more compact cytoarchitecture than nodal cells. Zonula adherens or fasciae adherens type junction were not found between nodal cells, but they frequently observed between nodal and working myocardial cells.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.83-87
• /
• 1994

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the clinical physical therapy program used at the University of Yonsei Rehabilitation Hospital, for the practicing university trained physical therapists who may be unfamiliar with patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction. The four primary phases of the cardiac physical therapy graded exercise program are: 1) coronary care unit program (phase I), 2) general ward program (phase II), 3) convalescence program (phase III), 4) maintenance program (phase IV). The exercise prescription defines the exercise intensity, duration, frequency, and mode of exercise a after pre- discharge low level graded exercise test(LL-GXT) or symptom limited maximum graded exercise test. A typical exercise routine consists of preparation warm-up exercise, therapeutic exercise, cool-down exercise. Physical therapy is involved in the acute care and rehabilitation of the patient after a myocardial infarction. Therefore, the physical therapist must throughly comprehened the cardiac anatomy, cycle, performance, conduction system, pathogenesis, risk factors, and exercise benefits.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.241-247
• /
• 2014

Sudden cardiac death (SCD), which is primarily caused by lethal heart disorders resulting in structural and arrhythmogenic abnormalities, is one of the prevalent modes of death in most developed countries. Myocardial ischemia, mainly due to coronary artery disease, is the most common type of heart disease leading to SCD. However, postmortem diagnosis of SCD is frequently complicated by obscure histological evidence. Here, we show that certain mRNA species, namely those encoding hemoglobin A1/2 and B (Hba1/2 and Hbb, respectively) as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4), exhibit distinct postmortem expression patterns in the left ventricular free wall of SCD subjects when compared with their expression patterns in the corresponding tissues from control subjects with non-cardiac causes of death. Hba1/2 and Hbb mRNA expression levels were higher in ischemic SCD cases with acute myocardial infarction or ischemic heart disease without recent infarction, and even in cardiac death subjects without apparent pathological signs of heart injuries, than control subjects. By contrast, Pdk4 mRNA was expressed at lower levels in SCD subjects. In conclusion, we found that altered myocardial Hba1/2, Hbb, and Pdk4 mRNA expression patterns can be employed as molecular signatures of fatal cardiac dysfunction to forensically implicate SCD as the primary cause of death.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2011.12a
• /
• pp.170-173
• /
• 2011

Therapeutic hypothermia(TH) improves neurological outcomes and reduces mortality among survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Animal and human studies have shown that TH results in improved salvage of the myocardium, reduced infarct size, reduced left ventricular remodeling and better long-term left ventricular function in settings of regional myocardial ischemia. This study is to investigate the effect of TH on post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction and survival time after cardiac arrest and resuscitation in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). Thoracotomies were performed in 10 Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 450-550 g. MI was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Ninety min after LAD ligation, ventricular fibrillation induction and subsequent cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed before defibrillation attempts. Animals were randomized to two groups: a) Acute MI-Normothermia b) Acute MI-Hypothermia ($32^{\circ}C$ for 4 h). Myocardial functions, including cardiac output, left ventricular ejection fraction, and myocardial performance index were measured echocardiographically together with duration of survival. Ejection fraction, cardiac output and myocardial performance index were $54.74{\pm}9.16$, $89.00{\pm}8.89$, $1.30{\pm}0.09$ respectively and significantly better in the TH group than those of the normothermic group at the first 4 h after resuscitation($32.20{\pm}1.85$,$41.60{\pm}8.62$,$1.77{\pm}0.19$)(p=0.00). The survival time of the hypothermic group ($31.8{\pm}14.8$ h) was greater than that of the normothermic group($12.3{\pm}6.5$ h, p<0.05). This study suggested that TH attenuated post resuscitation myocardial dysfunction in acute MI and would be a potential strategy in post resuscitation care.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.1 s.37
• /
• pp.142-150
• /
• 1999

In order to elucidate toxic the mechanism of myocardial damage and the protective effect of herbal extract, Sophorae Radix(SR) against myocardiotoxicity, the cytotoxic effect of adriamycin and cardioprotective effect of SR were examined by MTT assay, LDH activity, heart beat rate and light microscopy after cultured myocardial cells derived from neonatal mouse were treated with various concentrations of adriamycin, an inducer of myocardiotoxicity. Adriamycin induced a decrease of cell viability, an increase in the amount of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), and a decrease in the heart beat rate and a decrease in the number of cells, when administered to cultures myocardial cells in a dose-dependent manner. In cardioprotective effect of SR. SR showed the decrease of amount of LDH, and an increase of heart beating rate and cells in number on cultured myocardial cells damaged by adriamycin. From the above results, it is suggested that adriamycin shows toxic effect in cultured myocardial cells derived from a neonatal mouse, and herbal extract such as SR is very effective in the prevention of adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.27-37
• /
• 1990

To investigate the changing patterns of microfilament and microtubule arrangement and influence of myocardial cells and colchicine to microfilament and microtubule formation in cardiac endothelial cells the authors carried out indirect immunofluorescence stain for actin and tubulin with supernatant monoclonal antibodies. Secondary antibodies were IgG FITC conjugate. The results were summerized as follows. Fiberform reactions were stronger in the cells with many processes and spread cytoplasm and they became weaker after the endothelial cells formed monolayer. In the endothelial cells cocultured with myocardial cells the fiberform of the microtubule became less visible compared to control group but fiberform of the microtubule maintained strong intensity as endothelial cells formed monolayer. In the group treated with colchicine, there were no visible differences in microfilaments compared to control group but fiberform of microtubule revealed weaker intensity after colchicine treatment. The intensity of microtubule fiberform returned to control level after 2 days.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.148-153
• /
• 2012

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is associated with the variety of disorders of myocardial function. The effect, however, of myocardial infarction (MI) on ANP has not been fully described. Thus, this study investigated the effect of experimental MI, induced by left coronary artery ligation, on ANP secretion. Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 60 d underwent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce MI and were compared with a group that underwent a sham operation. Rats of sham operation had a similar procedure without having the suture tightened around the coronary artery. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 h or 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30 d after the procedure. MI size was assessed by planimetry and perimetry, and plasma ANP levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. Mean infarct size was 39.6-44.5% of the left ventricle after coronary occlusion in experimental groups. No significant differences were observed in infarct size among groups. In contrast, the concentration of plasma ANP was significantly higher at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h after left coronary artery ligation than in sham animals. This parameter, however, did not differ significantly at 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30 d after ligation compared with sham-ligated controls. These results demonstrate that plasma ANP levels are markedly increased in the early phase of MI in the male rat and can be a useful biomarker for diagnosis in acute MI.