• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to compare the effects on abdominal muscle thickness and breathing by applying trunk strength exercise and deep stabilization exercise along with breathing exercise, which is the main respiratory muscle during breathing, to present an efficient exercise method with diaphragm breathing. Methods : This study was performed on normal 6 females and 14 males subjects. They were divided into 2 groups which trunk strength exercise and deep stabilization exercise group. The trunk strength exercise group (TSE) attended prone press-up, crunch and pelvic tiling. The deep stabilization exercise group (DSE) attended abdominal drawing, horizontal side-support and bridging exercise. Breathing exercise was performed for each set break time for 1 minute. Results : First, in the comparison of the change in the thickness of the abdominal muscle between the trunk strength training group and the deep stabilization group before and after exercise, there was a statistically significant difference in the comparison of transverse abdominis (TrA), rectus femoris (RF), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO) (p<.05). However, there was no significant difference in any comparison between groups (p>.05). Second, in the comparison of changes in respiratory function between the trunk strength exercise group and the deep stabilization exercise group before and after exercise, there were statistically significant differences in the exerted forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV₁), peak expiratory flow (PEF) in the comparison before and after the experiment (p<.05). However, there was no significant difference in any comparison between groups (p>.05). Conclusion : As a result of this study, it can be said that both trunk strength exercises and deep stabilization exercises along with diaphragm breathing are exercises that strengthen deep and superficial muscles, and have a positive effect on breathing function as well as muscle strength. However, it is not known which exercise was more effective, and because it was combined with breathing exercise, the interference effect appeared.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.155-165
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• 2005

Arthritis is one of the most common chronic degenerative joint disease in elderly. Osteoarthritis is a widespread, slowly developing disease, with a high prevalence increasing with age in women. The large joints mostly involved by the disease are the knees. But there are no treatments available that cure the underlying process of osteoarthritis diseases. Physical exercise helps in increasing cartilage nutrition and remodeling, increases the synovial blood flow, decrease swelling, and improves muscle strength. Thus, exercise has been suggested as an important nursing strategy in osteoarthritis. Purpose: The purpose of this study were to compare muscle strength between Tai-Chi exercise and aquatic exercise for women with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with pretest and posttest measures was used. The study subjects were those who had been enrolled in a community health center, and agreed to participate in the study for eight weeks, signed the consent form, and obtained the physicians approval. The study dropout rates were 13.2% with the final study subjects of 17 on Tai-Chi exercise, 16 on aquatic exercise program. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS for Window (version 12.0). Independent sample t-test and paired t-test was performed to compare of muscle strength for women with osteoarthritis after 8-week Tai-Chi exercise and aquatic Exercise. Results: The homogeneity tests of demographic characteristics and study variables at the pretest data revealed no significant differences between two groups. After 8-week Tai-Chi and aquatic exercise, there was significant result in pre-post test comparison on muscle strength on Tai-Chi group, but no significant in aquatic group. There were no significant differences of knee extensor (p=.078), and hand grip(p=.118) in group comparisons on muscle strengths. But there were significant differences of knee flexor(p=.024). Conclusion: Tai-chi exercise was effective in improving knee flexor. So, it seems that Tai-chi exercise may be more suitable for aquatic exercise in osteoarthritis exercise programs. Further studies with other comparisons in physical and psycho social outcomes are necessary to confirm the more effects of exercise.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1810-1817
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• 2019

Background: Effect of cervical and lumbar tractions on the reduction in the angle of curvature and the effect of a correction exercise or a general traction method on balance, muscle strength, pain, and body alignment, however insufficient research has been undertaken on self traction exercises targeting patients with scoliosis. Purpose: To determine the effect of cervical and lumbar tractions on the reduction in the angle of curvature and the effect of a correction exercise or a general traction method on balance, muscle strength, pain, and body alignment. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial (single blinded) Methods: Twelve adults(20s) with scoliosis were included in this study and performed a traction program that was composed of a 5-min warm-up exercise, a 15-min main exercise, and a 5-min cool-down exercise (25 minutes in total), three times a week for four weeks. The Chiro traction machine was used for the self-traction exercise. Vertebral alignment, muscle strength, and flexibility were compared before and after the intervention using the paired T-test. Results: The scoliosis angle, pelvic torsion, and lumbar extensor were significantly changed by intervention; however, there was no significant difference in flexibility. Conclusion: The results revealed that self-traction exercise activated blood flow through the extension and contraction of muscles, effectively increasing the function of the muscles around the vertebrae.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.509-516
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• 2022

Objective: This study investigated the effect of a video game-based home exercise program on the improvement of balance and muscle strength in the elderly. Design: Randomized controlled trial Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: a video game-based home exercise training group (experimental group, n=16) and a control group (n=17). The experimental group trained three times a week for 50 minutes per session for six weeks, and the control group did not perform any exercise. To evaluate postural balance, one leg standing test, Berg balance scale, functional reach test, and timed up and go test were performed, and five times sit-to-stand was performed to evaluate lower extremity muscle strength. Results: In the experimental group, there were statistically significant improvements (p<0.05) in one leg standing test, Berg balance scale, functional reach test, and timed up and go test, and five times sit-to-stand after the intervention, but in the control group, the difference before and after the intervention was not significant. The difference between the groups according to the experimental method showed a significant increase in the experimental group (p<0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that a video game-based home exercise program effectively improves balance and muscle strength in the elderly. A video game-based exercise program can contribute to the rehabilitation of the elderly as a method of home remote rehabilitation.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.163-167
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• 2020

Purpose: Unilateral strength training effects on contralateral sides have been demonstrated in previous studies for lower extremity exercise, upper extremity exercise, and unilateral surface electrical stimulation. This study was performed to investigate the effects of unilateral ankle training on muscle strength and the balance of contralateral lower extremity in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects were randomized equally to a training or a control group. Those in the training group received unilateral ankle isokinetic strengthening training of the dominant leg (right side) for 4 weeks. Contralateral single-limb balance, including Anterio-Posterior Stability Index (APSI), Medio-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI) and Overall Stability Index (OSI), was assessed before and after intervention. Results: Comparison of pre- and post-test data revealed significant improvements in ipsi- and contralateral ankle strengths, and significant improvement in contralateral single limb balance. Conclusion: These results have practical implications because they demonstrate that unilateral ankle isokinetic exercise improves ankle muscle strength and balance ability of contralateral lower extremity.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the BeHaS exercise program, developed by Jong Im Kim (2006), consisting of exercise, education and cognitive support on muscle strength and flexibility in elders who live in elderly facilities. Method: This study was designed using one group pretest-posttest experimental design, 19 elders, the subjects of the group participated in the BeHaS exercise program. The BeHaS exercise program was provided for 60-80 minutes per session once a week for 8 weeks. Data was collected by research assistants using structured interview and measurement tool, from January, 2011 to March, 2011. Data were analyzed using the SPSS Win 17.0, general characteristics were analyzed with real number and percentage, muscle strength and flexibility were analyzed with Mean and SDs. Results: There were significant increase pre and post test for the left shoulder flexibility (p=.000) and waist flexibility (p=.030). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study confirms that BeHaS exercise program played a useful role in partial improving flexibility in the Institutionalized Elders.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2001

This study was performed fir the purpose of finding the relationship between fat-free mass (FFM) which mainly represents muscle mass change, and muscle strength. The correlation between diet and exercise behaviors and FFM in healthy elderly men over age 55 was also investigated. FFM and corresponding hand grip strength declined significantly with increasing age. However the concentration of serum albumin, the indicator of protein nutritional status, showed no change with increases in age. The subjects were categorized into three groups according to FFM textiles. Anthropometry such as height, BMI, circumferences of waist and hips, body fat mass percent and hand grip strength decreased significantly in the lowest FFM group. But albumin level showed no change relative to FFM level. FFM showed a significant relationship to nutrient intake such as energy and fat. However, no association was found with exercise behavior probably because there were no instances of resistance exercise habits among the subjects studied. The variance in FFM could be attributed 86.2% to height and age. The variance of height-adjusted FFM could be attributed only 40.6% to age and fat intake. In conclusion decreases in FFM may cause reductions in muscle strength in elderly men. Increasing energy and fat intake were associated with increased FFM and may protect elderly men from the risk of sarcopenia. FFM had no association with endurance exercise habits.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.401-408
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a lower extremity exercise program on muscle strength and flexibility in women with knee osteoarthritis. Method: This study was conducted using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 35 women with knee osteoarthritis. The experimental group performed the lower extremity exercise program, which was an adapted BeHaS exercise program developed by Kim(2006). It consisted of approximately 65-130 minutes per one session, two days a week, for twelve weeks. Lower extremity muscle strength was measured by the Seated Leg Press Machine (TY-H2217, made in Korea), back muscle strength by back muscle strength scale (TKK 5402, made in Japan) and flexibility, by Sit and Reach tester (01285, U.S.A). Data were gathered from September 2005 to March 2006. Frequency, $X^2$ test and t-test were used to analyze the data. SPSS Win 11.0 was used to assist analysis. For normal distribution of data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was done. Results: There were statistical differences in the mean strength of both legs together, strength in leg with more pain(p=.044; p=.046), sit and standing time (p=.007), and back strength (p=.021). Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that a lower extremity exercise program can help improve lower extremity muscle strength in women with osteoarthritis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.67-72
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• 2015

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of motion taping on the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 24 normal males with no problem in their nervous systems or musculoskeletal systems. The subjects were randomly assigned to a control group of 12 subjects and an experimental group of 12 subjects. The control group was applied with lumbar stabilization exercise while the experimental group was applied with lumbar stabilization exercise after being attached with tapes. The intervention period was four weeks in total and the subject underwent the exercises three times per week. The exercise time per session was set to one hour in principle consisting of warm-up exercise and cool-down exercise for 10 minutes each and main exercise for 40 minutes. Lumbar muscle strength was measured as a factor to examine the effects of lumbar stabilization exercises. RESULTS: The control group showed an increase in lumbar muscle strength from $111{\pm}6.30kg$ to $113{\pm}6.23kg$ and the experimental group showed an increase in lumbar muscle strength from $108{\pm}6.46kg$ to $116{\pm}5.21kg$. The increases shown by both groups were statistically significant and the experimental group that was applied with motion taping showed a larger increase in lumbar muscle strength compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Lumbar stabilization exercise is considered to be good for lumbar stability and muscle strengthening and lumbar stabilization exercise applied with motion taping is considered to show larger effects for muscle strengthening and the improvement of lumbar functions.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1739-1745
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• 2019

Background: There have been many studies on self-myofascial release (SMR) stretching, but there are few comparative studies on the effects of massages using a release ball, which is a type of the SMR method. Objective: To investigate the immediate effects of release ball massage and self-stretching on proprioceptive sensory, hamstring's temperature, range of motion (ROM) muscle strength,. Design: Crossover study. Methods: Thirty women in 20's at S University in Busan voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were random to release ball group (n=15) or self-stretching group (n=15). Both groups performed 3 sets of exercises, stretching for 30 seconds and resting for 15 seconds in each position. The proprioceptive sensory, temperature of the hamstring muscle, ROM, and strength were measured before exercise, 5 minutes after exercise, and 30 minutes after exercise. Results: Release ball group showed significant differences in muscle length and temperature over time (p<.05). The comparison between two group over time showed significant differences in muscle length, temperature, and muscle strength (p<.05). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that release ball massage and self-stretching are beneficial for improving hamstring's temperature, ROM and muscle strength.