• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.291-296
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• 2011

This paper presents energy self-sufficiency simulated in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by adopting solar energy production systems that vary with installation conditions. Relative to the national average energy consumption in WWTPs, the employment of 100 kW photovoltaics (PVs) was simulated to achieve 2.75% of energy self-sufficiency. The simulated results suggested that the installation of PVs toward South or South west would produce the highest energy self-sufficiency in WWTPs. When super-hydrophilic coating was employed in the conventional PVs, 5% of additional solar energy production was achievable as compared to uncoated conventional PVs. When 100 kW of PVs were installed in a future test-bed site, Kihyeung Respida located in Yougin, Sourth Korea, the energy self-sufficiency by solar energy was simulated to be 1.77% (2010). The simulated energy self-sufficiency by azimuth(direction) will be useful reference for practitioners in designing the solar PV systems in the WWTPs.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2003

Objective of this study was to investigate the influences of harvest index and percolation water quality as irrigated the discharge waters from an industrial and a municipal wastewater treatment plants and seawater (1:5 seawater: tap water) as alternative water resources during tillering stage for drought stress. There were four different treatments such as the discharge water from an industrial (textile dyeing manufacture plant) wastewater treatment plant (DIWT), discharge water from the municipal wastewater treatment plant (DMWT), seawater (1:5) and groundwater as a control. For the initial chemical compositions of alternative waters, it appeared that higher concentrations of COD, $Mn^{2+}$, and $Ni^+$ in DIWT were observed than reused criteria of other country for irrigation, and concentrations of $EC_i$, Cl, and $SO_4$ in seawater were higher than that for irrigation. Harvest index was not significantly different between DIWT and DMWT with different irrigation periods in two soil types, but that of seawater (1:5) is decreased with irrigation periods in clay loam soil and not different between 10 days and 20 days of irrigation periods in sandy loam soil. For percolation water qualities, values of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) are increased with prolonging the irrigation periods of seawater (1:5) and DIWT, but those of DMWT were almost constant through the cultivation periods regardless of the irrigation period in both soil types. EG of percolation waters is eventually increased with prolonging days after irrigation regardless of irrigation periods in both soil types. Therefore, it might be concluded that there was potentially safe to irrigate the discharge water from municipal wastewater treatment plant relative to harvest index, SAR and $EC_i$ values of the ground water through the rice cultivation period at tillering stage for drought period.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제36권
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• pp.83-88
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• 2016

In this study, a series of experiment was carried to improve dewaterability of the sludge produced in a treatment plant, located in Hongcheon, Gangwondo, which has been treating municipal wastewater and livestock wastewater. Optimum sludge mixing ratio and the amount of sludge conditioner were determined. As sludge conditioners, alum and ferric salt were selected and tested. For the measurement of sludge dewaterability, capillary suction time(CST) and the specific resistance were measured, The specific resistance was detemined by running a series of Buchner Funnel Test. Mixing the two sludges at a 50:50 ratio with the addition of 20 mL alum gave the best results in terms of dewaterability. The moisture content decreased by 2% at this condition.

• 한국건설순환자원학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2017

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2005년도 Proceedings of KSEH.Minamata Forum
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• pp.51-53
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• 2005

Disposal of waterwork sludge is important problem in WTP(water treatment plant). Purpose of this study is treated municipal waste water chemically using sludge that is produced in waterwork plant by link to reutilize waterwork sludge. Municipal waste water that use in an experiment used is produced at C university, and is SS 220 mg/L, BOD 145 mg/L, COD 160 mg/L, T-N 52 mg/L and T-P 2.6 mg/L. Used Alum, polymer coagulant and coagulant aid (diatomite, powered activated carbon) as CaO, coagulant as alkaline aid by chemical treatment medicine. In case of does slow speed agitation and stations after pours waterwork sludge in sewage and alkaline aid and coagulant at rapidly mixing the colloidal creation speed is fast and fine colloids concentration was high but settling time is shortened a little and removal rate of pollutant improved by $60{\sim}99%$.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.284-290
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• 2016

Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology can be used to assess impacts on the environment that might be generated during treatment of wastewater and sludge treatment. In this work, LCA methodology was suggested to evaluate monthly environmental impact of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Two field scale WWTPs, A2/O process and conventional activated sludge process (CAS), were selected as target plants and the operational data were collected from those plants. As the function units, the unit volume of treated wastewater of $1m^3$ and 1 kg T-N eq. removed were selected. The environmental effect of target WWTPs operation were assessed as impact categories such as global warming potential, eutrophication potential, and so on. From monthly profiles of each index, it was shown that the environmental impact of WWTPs has seasonal patterns influenced by the influent flow rate variation causing higher impacts in winter than summer. This is due to the fact that there were no significant increase in the electricity consumption and chemical usage during the summer while the treated volume of wastewater was increased.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2020

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with activated sludge system are widely used throughout the most common technologies in the world. Most treatment plants require optimization of certain treatment processes using dynamic modeling. A lot of examples of dynamic simulations require reliable data base of diurnal variation of the inflow and typical concentrations of parameters such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), etc. Such detailed data are not available, which leads to problemsin the application of dynamic simulations. In many examples of plants, continuous flow measurements are only performed after the primary clarifier, whereas measurements from influent to the plant are missing, as is the case with the examples in this paper. In some cases, a simpler, faster and cheaper way can be applied to determine influent variations, such as the "HSG-Sim" method ("Hochschulgruppe Simulation"). "Hochschulgruppe Simulation" is a group of researchers from Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Netherlands and Poland (see http://www.hsgsim.org). This paper presents a model for generating daily variations of inflow and concentration of municipal wastewater quality parameters, applied to several existing WWTPs in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The main goal of the applied method is to generate realistic influent data of the existing plants in B&H, in terms of flow and quality, without any prior comprehensive survey and measurements at the site. The examples of plants show the influence of overflow facilities on the dynamics of input flow and quality of wastewater, and a strong influence of the problems of the sewerage systems.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.318-327
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• 2000

Sludge production from water treatment plants is increasing each year because water resources deterioration is proceeding and water supply facilities are growing due to water demand increase. Water treatment plant sludges can be modified to soil cover in sanitary landfilling site through the lime treatment and other alternatives. The compression strength of $1.0kg/cm^2$ is necessary for the dozer operation on soft son cover material at municipal landfilling site. Modified sludge was experimentally produced in this study with lime, bentonite, loess, and activated loess dosing. X-ray diffraction patterns of the limed water treatment plant sludge confirmed the presence of calcium carbonate and ettringite. Unconfined compression strength properties of modified sludges showed material property improvement applicable for soil cover alternatives. When adding 20-30% activated loess to water treatment plant sludges. the modified sludges could reach the compression strength for cover soil after 7 days solidification reaction, but decrease of compression strength was intentioned in 28 days reaction period. Solidification effect of the modified sludge with activated loess was observed through the scanning electron microscope.

• 멤브레인
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.78-95
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• 1991

미국 캘리포니아주 Orange County에 위치한 Water Factory 21(WF-21)은 생물학적 처리공정을 거친 도시하수를 재생하여, 이 재생수를 지하수지층으로 유입되는 해수의 침투를 막기 위한 Reinjection System에 이용하고 있다. 장치 구성 공정은 Lime처리, Air Stripping, 사여과, 활성탄처리, 역삼투막 및 염소처리 등으로 이루어지며, 이에 대한 각 처리공정의 효율성에 대하여 실험을 실시하였다. 3년간의 장기간에 걸친 실험결과로부터, 도시하수에 대한 RO Membrane 처리수는 음료 수질 기준에 적합한 고수질의 물을 생성할 수 있음을 입증했다. Pilot Plant 실험에선 Lime Clarifier만으로 전처리를 실시하여 성공적인 결과를 얻었으며, 또한 저압 (250 psi)이 적용된 새로운 Membrane을 사용하여 에너지 절약을 통한 비용 절감 효과에 대한 실험도 상당한 가능성을 보여주었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 1993

An experimental research was conducted in order to study the treatability of leachate and a combined wastewater of municipal landfill leachate and municipal sewage. The landfill leachate was that of Nanjido landfill site, and the municipal sewage was obtained from Chungnang municipal sewage treatment plant of Seoul. Several sets of bench-scale sequencing batch reactor(SBR) were used as experimental apparatus. Specially investigated items in this experiment were the removal efficiency of substrate and the influence of the hydraulic retention time(HRT). The experiment lasted for about 8 months. The result are as follows ; 1) The characteristics of leachate were pH 7.4~8.1, BOD 280~450 mg/l, COD 1300 ~ 1350 mg/l, T-N 2021 ~2110 mg/1,7-P 2.7 ~3.2 mg/l, Cl-3540 ~4085 mg/l, and heavy metals are a very small amount. And the characteristics of sewage Ivere pH 6.9~7.3, BOD 78.4~129.3 mg/1, COD 121.2~305.0 mg/l, T-N 14.9~36.4 mg/l, T-P 1.3 ~5.9 mg/l. 2) The treatability of leachate alone was not treat well. So for the good treatment of leachate, it was necessary to deal with the pretreatment before biological treatment and a combined treatment of municipal serfage. 3) The various contents of the leachate were 5%, 10%, and 50% and the removal efficiency of COD was 86.0%, 82.8%, 60.6%, and 31.7%. The maximum content of the leachate which could be sucessfully treated by SBR in the combined treatment was 10% of that of sewage.