• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 2012

Recent several studies have shown that the genetic variation of SCN5A is related with atrioventricular conduction block (AVB); no study has yet been published in Koreans. Therefore, to determine the AVB-associated genetic variation in Korean patients, we investigated the genetic variation of SCN5A in Korean patients with AVB and compared with normal control subjects. We enrolled 113 patients with AVB and 80 normal controls with no cardiac symptoms. DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood, and all exons (exon 2-exon 28) except the untranslated region and exon-intron boundaries of the SCN5A gene were amplified by multiplex PCR and directly sequenced using an ABI PRISM 3100 Genetic Analyzer. When a variation was discovered in genomic DNA from AVB patients, we confirmed whether the same variation existed in the control genomic DNA. In the present study, a total of 7 genetic variations were detected in 113 AVB patients. Of the 7 variations, 5 (G87A-A29A, intervening sequence 9-3C>A, A1673G-H558R, G3578A-R1193Q, and T5457C-D1819D) have been reported in previous studies, and 2 (C48G-F16L and G3048A-T1016T) were novel variations that have not been reported. The 2 newly discovered variations were not found in the 80 normal controls. In addition, G298S, G514C, P1008S, G1406R, and D1595N, identified in other ethnic populations, were not detected in this study. We found 2 novel genetic variations in the SCN5A gene in Korean patients with AVB. However, further functional study might be needed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.24 no.7A
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• pp.964-972
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• 1999

In this paper, we proposed a simulation model to which apply the AAL 2 (AAL type 2) between BSC and MSC in the cellular mobile communication systems. We suggested the frame structure of processing the packets of short length and the scheme which multiplex to one or more ATM cell. Also, we analyzed the performance of the APR, transmission delay, and channel transmission efficiency used in the packetized voice traffic and the low bit-rate data traffic such as fax. From the simulation results, the maximum number of users are 47 users without using AAL 2 multiplexing, but the maximum number of users are 70 (Non-Overlapping scheme) users, 110 (Overlapping scheme) users, respectively. Thus, we knew that the Overlapping scheme is more efficient than the Non-Overlapping scheme. Finally, we showed that the optimum transmission buffer size is 4 ATM cells in the cellular communication systems with the bandwidth of 2 Mbps.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.39 no.7 s.168
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• pp.605-615
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• 2006

In order to analyze movement of soil moisture, Time Domain Reflectometry(TDR) with multiplex system has been installed at the Bumreunsa hillslope of Sulmachun Watershed to configure spatial-temporal variation pattern considering seasonal characteristic. An intensive surveying was performed to build a refined digital elevation model(DEM) and flow determination algorithms with inverse surveying have been applied to establish an efficient soil moisture monitoring system. Soil moisture data were collected through an intensive and long term monitoring 380 hrs in November of 2003 and 1037 hrs in May and June of 2004. Soil moisture data shows corresponding variation characteristics of soil moisture on the up slope, buffer, main channel zones of the hillslope which were classified from terrain analysis. Measured soil moisture data were discussed in conjunction with flow characteristic through terrain analysis. Regardless season, immediate responses of soil moisture about rainfall looks similar but recession and recharge are primary characteristics of intermediate soil moisture variation for spring to summer and fall to winter season, respectively.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.205-216
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• 2010

In this paper, a method of MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS) multiplexing for Ultra HDTV (UHDTV) and its design and implementation as a SW tool is described. In practice, UHD video may be divided into several HD videos and each video is encoded in parallel. Therefore, it is necessary to synchronize and multiplex multiple bitstreams encoding each HD video for transmitting and storing UHD video. In this paper, it is assumed that 4 HD videos partitioning a UHD spatially are encoded as H.264/AVC and two 5.0 channel audios are encoded by AC-3. Therefore, 4 H.264/AVC elementary streams (ESs) and 2 AC-3 ESs is mainly considered in the TS multiplexing of UHD. For the carriage of H.264/AVC and AC-3 over MPEG-2 TS, PES packetization and TS multiplexing are designed and implemented based on the extended specification of the MPEG-2 Systems and ATSC (Digital audio compressed standard), respectively. The implemented UHD TS multiplexing tool emulates real time HW operation in the time unit corresponding to the duration of one TS packet transmission in a given TS rate. In particular, in order to satisfy the timing model, the buffers defined in the TS System Target Decoder (T-STD) are monitored and their statuses are considered in the scheduling of TS multiplexing. For UHD multiplexing, two kinds of multiplexing structures, which are UHD re-multiplexing and UHD program multiplexing, are implemented and their strength and weakness are investigated. The developed UHD TS multiplexing tool is tested and verified in terms of the syntax and semantics conformance and functionalities by using a commercial analyzer and real-time presentation tools.