• 자동차안전학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2020

This paper presents an adaptive feedback based actuator fault detection and tolerant control algorithms for longitudinal functional safety of autonomous driving. In order to ensure the functional safety of autonomous vehicles, fault detection and tolerant control algorithms are needed for sensors and actuators used for autonomous driving. In this study, adaptive feedback control algorithm to compute the longitudinal acceleration for autonomous driving has been developed based on relationship function using states. The relationship function has been designed using feedback gains and error states for adaptation rule design. The coefficients in the relationship function have been estimated using recursive least square with multiple forgetting factors. The MIT rule has been adopted to design the adaptation rule for feedback gains online. The stability analysis has been conducted based on Lyapunov direct method. The longitudinal acceleration computed by adaptive control algorithm has been compared to the actual acceleration for fault detection of actuators used for longitudinal autonomous driving.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.529-536
• /
• 2017

일반적인 지상통제 시스템은 단일 무인항공기 운용을 위한 통제 및 정보 전시 기능을 갖추고 있다. 현대에서는 단일 지상통제 시스템을 사용하여 복수 무인항공기의 운용이 요구되고 있다. 이로 인하여 무인기 운용자는 과거보다 다양한 임무 수행이 요구되며, 임무 수행 중 다양한 요인에 의하여 임무과부하를 받게 된다. 본 연구에서는 복수무인기 운용자의 임무과부하 측정을 통해 운용자의 상태를 반영한 적응형 지상통제 시스템을 제안한다. 복수무인기를 운용할 수 있는 지상통제 소프트웨어를 개발하고, 또한 시뮬레이터를 구성하여 운용자가 지상통제 시스템의 운용을 통해 시스템의 기능을 검증한다. 적응형 지상체 실험을 분석한 결과, 비적응형 지상체 실험 결과와 대비하여 운용자의 동공지름이 감소하고, 임무 성능이 증가하는 등 적응형 지상체의 효용성을 확인하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.62-68
• /
• 1999

The attitude of a vehicle can be precisely determined using GPS carrier phase measurements from more than two antennas attached to a vehicle and an efficient integer ambiguity resolution technique. Many methods utilizing the known baseline length as a constraint of independent elements of integer ambiguities are proposed to resolve integer ambiguity at real time. Three-dimensional search space is reduced to two-dimensional search space with this constraint. Thus the true integer ambiguity can be easily determined with less computational burden and fewer number of measurements. But there are still strong requirements for the real time integer ambiguity resolution, which uses single epoch measurement of long baseline. In this paper, a new constraint from the geometry of multiple baselines is derived. With this new constraint, two-dimensional search space is further reduced to one-dimensional search space. It makes possible to determine integer ambiguity with single epoch measurement. The proposed method is applied to real data to show its effectiveness.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제11권10호
• /
• pp.5098-5115
• /
• 2017

A number of automotive electronics-safety, driver assistance, and infotainment devices-have been deployed in recent vehicles. This raises new challenges regarding in-vehicular network arbitration. A performance analysis of non-destructive arbitration has revealed a fairness issue. The arbitration prioritizes without collisions, despite multiple simultaneous transmissions; however, the performances of the highest priority node and the lowest priority node are very different. In this paper, an ID-rotation arbitration method to solve the arbitration-fairness problem is proposed. The proposed algorithm was applied to several engine control units (ECUs), including a controller area network (CAN) controller. Experimental results showed that the algorithm improved the fairness as well as the total throughput within a specific performance constraint.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2006년도 제27회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.113-115
• /
• 2006

Stout & Snell[1]이 수행했던 설계 과정을 기초로 하여 우주발사체 추진제 가압시스템 설계에 대한 기본적인 내용을 정리한다. 발사체 설계 초기 결정되어야 하는 가압시스템 요구 조건과 전반적인 시스템에 대한 물리적인 모델에 대한 내용을 소개하고, 온/오프 솔레노이드 밸브를 이용하는 가압 제어 시스템 설계에 대한 기본적인 내용 간략히 정리한다.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2020

This paper presents a control and operation system for a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). The ROV used in the study was equipped with a manipulator and is being developed for underwater exploration and autonomous underwater working. Precision position and attitude control ability is essential for underwater operation using a manipulator. For propulsion, the ROV is equipped with eight thrusters, the number of those are more than six degrees-of-freedom. Four of them are in charge of surge, sway, and yaw motion, and the other four are responsible for heave, roll, and pitch motion. Therefore, it is more efficient to integrate the management of the thrusters rather than control them individually. In this paper, a thrust allocation method for thruster management is presented, and the design of a feedback controller using sensor data is described. The software for the ROV operation consists of a robot operating system that can efficiently process data between multiple hardware platforms. Through experimental analysis, the validity of the control system performance was verified.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제8권9호
• /
• pp.795-802
• /
• 2002

We present a new dynamic routing scheme for multiple autonomous guided vehicles (AGVs) systems. There have been so many results concerned with scheduling and routing of multiple AGV systems; however, most of them are only applicable to systems with a small number of AGVs under a low degree of concurrency. With an increased number of AGVs in recent applications, these AGV systems are faced with another problem that has never been occurred in a system with a small number AGVs. This is the stop propagation problem. That is, if a leading AGV stops then all the following AGVs must stop to avoid any collision. In order to resolve this problem, we propose a nonstop preferential detour (NPD) algorithm which is a new dynamic routing scheme employing an election algorithm. For real time computation, we introduce two stage control scheme and propose a new path searching scheme, k-via shortest path scheme for an efficient dynamic routing algorithm. Finally, the proposed new dynamic routing scheme is illustrated by an example.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
• /
• 제54권12호
• /
• pp.689-697
• /
• 2005

In this paper, an application of a decentralized $H_{\infty}$ controller(DHC) to multiple controlled-permanent magnet(CMAG) magnetic levitation(Maglev) systems is presented. The designed DHC using two Riccati equations iteratively has simpler structure and needs less computational loads than conventional centralized $H_{\infty}$ controller. A target plant is a hybrid-type CMAG system with permanent magnet and coil, and its mathematical model is firstly derived to design the DHC. To implement the designed algorithm, a real Maglev vehicle system including digital controller, chopper, sensor, etc., is manufactured. To compare the performances of the DHC method with an observer-based state feedback control(OSFC), the input tracking and disturbance rejection characteristics are experimentally tested. As performance indices(PI), integral of squared error(ISE), integral of absolute error(IAE), integral of time multiplied by absolute error(ITAE) and integral of time multiplied by squared error(ITSE) are used. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the input tracking and disturbance rejection performances of the DHC are better than those of the conventional controller.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.116-124
• /
• 2016

차량 내 수 많은 센서 노드들이 무선 데이터를 전송할 때 충돌을 검출하고 해결하기 위한 매체접속제어 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안 프로토콜은 데이터 전송 시작 후 랜덤하게 충돌 검출 슬롯을 하나 선택하여 전송을 잠시 멈추고, 해당 채널을 센싱하여 다른 노드와의 충돌 여부를 에너지 레벨과 jam 신호 검출을 통하여 확인한다. 제안 방안은 이러한 충돌 검출 과정을 여러 번 수행함으로써 각 충돌 검출 단계에서 충돌을 인지한 노드는 걸러지고, 다음 단계에서는 살아남은 노드만 경쟁을 계속하여 충돌 해결 확률을 획기적으로 증가시킨다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 다수의 충돌 검출 단계를 사용한 제안 방식이 기존 경쟁 프로토콜보다 우수한 처리율을 갖는다. 또한 충돌 검출 단계의 개수와 충돌 검출 슬롯의 개수에 따라 제안 방안의 성능 변화를 살펴보고 최적 파라미터를 도출하였다.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.509-523
• /
• 2005

We are developing a novel framework, PRIDE (PRediction In Dynamic Environments), to perform moving object prediction (MOP) for autonomous ground vehicles. The underlying concept is based upon a multi-resolutional, hierarchical approach which incorporates multiple prediction algorithms into a single, unifying framework. The lower levels of the framework utilize estimation-theoretic short-term predictions while the upper levels utilize a probabilistic prediction approach based on situation recognition with an underlying cost model. The estimation-theoretic short-term prediction is via an extended Kalman filter-based algorithm using sensor data to predict the future location of moving objects with an associated confidence measure. The proposed estimation-theoretic approach does not incorporate a priori knowledge such as road networks and traffic signage and assumes uninfluenced constant trajectory and is thus suited for short-term prediction in both on-road and off-road driving. In this article, we analyze the complementary role played by vehicle kinematic models in such short-term prediction of moving objects. In particular, the importance of vehicle process models and their effect on predicting the positions and orientations of moving objects for autonomous ground vehicle navigation are examined. We present results using field data obtained from different autonomous ground vehicles operating in outdoor environments.