• Title/Summary/Keyword: Multiple Defect

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IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF TGF-β ON THE HEALING PROCESS IN THE RAT FEMUR BONE DEFECT (백서의 골 결손부 치유시 Transforming Growth Factor-β의 발현에 대한 면역 조직 화학 연구)

  • Bang, Sung-Jun;Kim, Kyung-Wook;Lee, Jae-Hoon
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.173-183
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    • 1998
  • $TGF-{\beta}$ is one of growth factors that may be involved in the formation of bone and cartilage. Multiple studies demonstrate that $TGF-{\beta}$ is involved in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and matrix synthesis, events observed in frature healing. The apperance of $TGF-{\beta}$ in the fracture during healing was evaluated by immunohistologic localization of $TGF-{\beta}$ using antibody. Twenty Sprauge-Dawley strain white male rats, each weiging about 150grams were used and divided two groups. The one group, the $2{\times}2mm$ bony defect was formed in the right femur. The other group, $4{\times}2mm$ bony defect was formed in right femur. Both group were sacrificed at 3day, 1, 2, 3, 4 week and femur were harvested, paraffin sections were stained with H & E, MT stain, immunihistochemical staining with $TGF-{\beta}$ antibody and observed under light microscope. The result were as follows: 1. New bone formation and cartilagenous tissue was seen at 3day. And in the $2{\times}2mm$ bony defect group, $TGF-{\beta}$ stained the cell surounding new bone. 2. The osteoclast and trabecular was seen at 1week. $TGF-{\beta}$ stained the osteoblast and in the $2{\times}2mm$ bony defect group was stained more than $4{\times}2mm$ bony defect group. 3. The lamella bone and trabecule was seen from 3, 4week, and $TGF-{\beta}$ stained almost negative. From the above finding, we could concluded that $TGF-{\beta}$ stained the osteoblast at early stage and 1week, the peak stain was seen from 1week, and then decreased, almost negative stain was seen at 3, 4week.

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A Vector-Perturbation Based Lattice-Reduction using look-Up Table (격자 감소 기반 전부호화 기법에서의 효율적인 Look-Up Table 생성 방법)

  • Han, Jae-Won;Park, Dae-Young
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.36 no.6A
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    • pp.551-557
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    • 2011
  • We investigate lattice-reduction-aided precoding techniques using Look-Up table (LUT) for multi-user multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems. Lattice-reduction-aided vector perturbation (VP) gives large sum capacity with low encoding complexity. Nevertheless lattice-reduction process based on the LLL-Algorithm still requires high computational complexity since it involves several iterations of size reduction and column vector exchange. In this paper, we apply the LUT-aided lattice reduction on VP and propose a scheme to generate the LUT efficiently. Simulation results show that a proposed scheme has similar orthogonality defect and Bit-Error-Rate(BER) even with lower memory size.

A Study on Defect Diagnostics for Health Monitoring of a Turbo-Shaft Engine for SUAV (스마트 무인기용 터보축 엔진의 성능진단을 위한 결함 예측에 관한 연구)

  • Park Juncheol;Roh Taeseong;Choi Dongwhan
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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    • v.y2005m4
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    • pp.248-251
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    • 2005
  • In this paper, health monitoring technique has been studied for performance deterioration caused by the defects of the gas turbine. The parameters for performance diagnostics have been extracted by using GSP program for modeling the target engine. The virtual sensor model for the health monitoring has been built of those data. The position and magnitude of the defects of the engine components have been determined by using Multiple Linear Regression technique and the method using the weight in order to diagnose the single and multiple defects.

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Technology for the Detection of Corrosion Defects in Buried Pipes of Nuclear Power Plants with 3D FEM (3D 유한요소법을 이용한 원전 매설배관 부식결함 탐상기술 개발)

  • Kim, Jae-Won;Lim, Bu-Taek;Park, Heung-Bae;Chang, Hyun-Young
    • Corrosion Science and Technology
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.292-300
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    • 2018
  • The modeling of 3D finite elements based on CAD data has been used to detect sites of corrosion defects in buried pipes. The results generated sophisticated profiles of electrolytic potential and vectors of current distributions on the earth surface. To identify the location of defects in buried pipes, the current distribution on the earth surface was projected to a plane of incidence that was identical to the pipe locations. The locations of minimum electrolytic potential value were found. The results show adequate match between the locations of real and expected defects based on modeling. In addition, the defect size can be calculated by integrating the current density curve. The results show that the defect sizes were $0.74m^2$ and $0.69m^2$, respectively. This technology may represent a breakthrough in the detection of indirect damage in various cases involving multiple defects in size and shape, complex/cross pipe systems, multiple anodes and stray current.

Texture Analysis and Classification Using Wavelet Extension and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix for Defect Detection in Small Dimension Images

  • Agani, Nazori;Al-Attas, Syed Abd Rahman;Salleh, Sheikh Hussain Sheikh
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2004.08a
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    • pp.2059-2064
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    • 2004
  • Texture analysis is an important role for automatic visual insfection. This paper presents an application of wavelet extension and Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) for detection of defect encountered in textured images. Texture characteristic in low quality images is not to easy task to perform caused by noise, low frequency and small dimension. In order to solve this problem, we have developed a procedure called wavelet image extension. Wavelet extension procedure is used to determine the frequency bands carrying the most information about the texture by decomposing images into multiple frequency bands and to form an image approximation with higher resolution. Thus, wavelet extension procedure offers the ability to robust feature extraction in images. Then the features are extracted from the co-occurrence matrices computed from the sub-bands which performed by partitioning the texture image into sub-window. In the detection part, Mahalanobis distance classifier is used to decide whether the test image is defective or non defective.

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A Study on the Characteristics of Repair Welding for Mold Steel using Continuous Wave Nd:YAG Laser (연속파형 Nd:YAG 레이저를 이용한 금형강의 보수용접 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Yoo, Young-Tae;Shin, Ho-Jun
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.27 no.11
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    • pp.7-16
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    • 2010
  • In this study, wire was used as the filler material for the laser repair welding, and the phenomenon in which the supplied filler material was melted and beaded down into the specimen was examined with varying laser powers and welding speeds. The optimal processing condition was found to be the laser power of 1,300 W, the welding speed and feed wire supply speed of 0.5 ml/in and the defocused distances of +2mm. At this time, the heat input(E) was $65{\sim}75\;J/mm^2$, and no internal defect occurred. When repair welding was carried out as the optimal processing for the part that had an external defect with the radius of 2mm, the filler metal was melted, resulting in the volume smaller than the defect part and thus causing the part unfilled. Therefore, it was found to be necessary to carry out repair welding two to three times by multiple passes rather than does it only once by single pass.

A Performance Comparison of SVM and MLP for Multiple Defect Diagnosis of Gas Turbine Engine (가스터빈 엔진의 복합 결함 진단을 위한 SVM과 MLP의 성능 비교)

  • Park Jun-Cheol;Roh Tae-Seong;Choi Dong-Whan
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.158-161
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    • 2005
  • In this study, the defect diagnosis of the gas turbine engine was tried using Support Vector Machine(SVM). It is known that SVM can find the optimal solution mathematically through classifying two groups and searching for the Hyperplane of the arbitrary nonlinear boundary. The method for the decision of the gas turbine defect quantitatively was proposed using the Multi Layer SVM for classifying two groups and it was verified that SVM was shown quicker and more reliable diagnostic results than the existing Multi Layer Perceptron(MLP).

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The Variation of Stress Concentration Factor and Crack Initiation Behavior on the Hole Defects Around the Rivet Hole in a Aircraft Materials (항공재료 리벳홀에 인접한 원공결함의 위치에 따른 응력집중계수의 변화와 균열발생거동)

  • Song, Sam-Hong;Kim, Cheol-Woong;Kim, Tae-Soo;Hwang, Jin-Woo
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2003.04a
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    • pp.381-388
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    • 2003
  • The material deficiencies in the form of pre-existing defects can initiated cracks and fractures. The stress distribution and fatigue crack initiation life of engineering materials may be associated with the size, the shape and the relative location of defects contained in the component. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of arbitrarily located hole defect around the rivet hole of a wing section in monolithic aluminum and Al/GFRP laminates under cyclic bending moment during a service load. The stress distribution and the fatigue crack initiation behavior near a rivet hole of on the relationships between stress concentration factor ($K_t$) and relative position of defects were considered. The test results indicated the features of different stress field. Therefore, the stress concentration factor ($K_t$) and the fatigue crack initiation behavior was illustrated different behavior according to each position of hole defect around the rivet hole in monolithic aluminum and Al/GFRP laminates.

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Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis Secondary to Cochlear Aplasia, Right and Acquired Cribriform Plate Defect due to Trauma (두개골의 결손과 동반된 재발성 세균성 뇌막염 2례)

  • Chang, Soo Hee;Kim, Sun Jun;Kim, Jung Soo
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.283-288
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    • 1998
  • Recurrent meningitis in children is not only a potentially life threatening condition, but often involves the child in the trauma though repeated hospital admissions and multiple invasive investigations to find the underlying causes. Symptoms and signs of CSF rhinorrhea or otorrhea are infrequent in these patients and difficult to diagnose in young children. All young children treated for meningitis should then be administered an evoked potential audiometry as a post-treatment test. If sensorineural hearing loss is identified, the clinician should be alerted to the possibility of CSF leakage as the cause of the meningitis. Radiologic studies should be performed to rule out preexisting congenital, or acquired, abnormalities requiring surgical exploration. Two young children with recurrent meningitis due to a right cochlear aplasia and a cribriform plate defect caused by trauma are presented to illustrate the problems of diagnosis and management. A review of literatures will also be presented briefly.

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Use of the Sundt Clip Graft in a Previously Coiled Internal Carotid Artery Blister-Like Aneurysm

  • Cho, Jae Ik;Cho, Jae Hoon
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.56 no.6
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    • pp.496-499
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    • 2014
  • Owing to the focal wall defect covered with thin fibrous tissues, an aneurysm arising from the dorsal wall of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is difficult to manage either surgically or endovascularly and is often associated with high morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, the definitive treatment modality of such highly risky aneurysm has not yet been demonstrated. Upon encountering the complex intracranial pathophysiology of such a highly precarious aneurysm, a neurosurgeon would be faced with a challenge to decide on an optimal approach. This is a case of multiple paraclinoid aneurysms including the ICA dorsal wall aneurysm, presented with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. With respect to treatment, direct clipping with a Sundt graft clip was performed after multiple endovascular interventions had failed. This surgical approach can be a treatment modality for a blood blister-like aneurysm after failed endovascular intervention(s).