• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2021

Machining operations require removal of chips to keep the coolant clean and fresh throughout the operation time. In this study, microchip removal equipment was developed using AutoCAD and CATIA programs for 3D modeling and 2D draft. In addition, the flow analysis and electromagnetic field analysis of the equipment were performed using the COMSOL Multiphysics program. The flow design of the coolant oil tank was realized on the basis of fluid analysis results. Further, on the basis of magnetic density analysis, a conveyer was designed for effectively removing metal microchips in the tank by using arrays of neodymium permanent magnets.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2015

In this paper, we studied the effects of intersection angles of the flow-foucusing type droplet generation device inlet channel on droplet diameter using numerical simulation modeling. We modeled different intersection angles with a fixed continuous channel width, dispersed channels width, orifices width, and expansion channels width. Numerical simulations were performed using COMSOL Multiphysics$^{(R)}$ to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for a two-phase flow in various flow-focusing geometries. Modeling results showed that an increase of the intersection angle causes an increase in the modification of the dispersed flow rate ($v^{\prime}{_d}$), and the increase of the modification of the continuous flow rate ($v^{\prime}{_c}$) obstructs the dispersed phase fluid flow, thereby reducing the droplet diameter. However, the droplet diameter did not decrease, even when the intersection angle increased. The droplet diameter decreased when the intersection angle was less than $90^{\circ}$, increased at an intersection angle of $90^{\circ}$, and decreased when the intersection angle was more than $90^{\circ}$. Furthermore, when the intermediate energy deceased, there was a decrease in the droplet diameter when the intersection angle increased. Therefore, variations in the droplet diameter can be used to change the intersection angle and fluid flow rate.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.62-72
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• 2015

Interest in three-dimensional (3D) printing processes has grown significantly, and several types have been developed. These 3D printing processes are classified as Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Stereo-Lithography Apparatus (SLA), and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). SLS can be applied to many materials, but because it uses a laser-based material removal process, it is expensive. SLA enables fast and precise manufacturing, but available materials are limited. FDM printing's benefits are its reasonable price and easy accessibility. However, metal printing using FDM can involve technical problems, such as suitable component supply or the thermal expansion of the heating part. Thus, FDM printing primarily uses materials with low melting points, such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or polylactic acid (PLA) resin. In this study, an FDM process for enabling metal printing is suggested. Particularly, the nozzle and heatsink for this process are focused for stable printing. To design the nozzle and heatsink, multi-physical phenomena, including thermal expansion and heat transfer, had to be considered. Therefore, COMSOL Multiphysics, an FEM analysis program, was used to analyze the maximum temperature, thermal expansion, and principal stress. Finally, its performance was confirmed through an experiment.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2019

리튬이차전지(Lithium Secondary Batteries)를 에너지원으로 채용하는 분야가 다양해짐에 따라, 기존 요구 특성뿐만 아니라 각 분야에 특화된 성능 평가 결과까지 요구하고 있다. 이에 대응하기 위해 각 전지 제조사는 연구 인력을 충원하고 고가의 장비를 지속적으로 도입해서 다수의 전지를 오랜 기간 평가해야 하는 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이를 해소하기 위해, 전지 모델링(Modeling)을 기반으로 한 모사(Simulation) 기법을 도입하여, 실험 횟수를 최소화하고 실험 시간도 단축하려는 시도를 지속하고 있다. 현재까지 다양한 리튬이차전지 모델링 기법이 보고되고 있으며, 목적에 따라 최적 기법이 선택 및 활용되어 왔다. 본 리뷰 논문에서는 뉴만(Newman) 모델을 기반으로 한 전기화학적 모델링(Electrochemical Modeling) 기법을 상세히 설명한다. 특히, 전극 반응속도를 나타내는 버틀러-볼머식(Butler-Volmer Equation), 각 상(Phase)에서 전자와 이온의 균형 방정식 (Material and Charge Balance Equations), 그리고 전지의 온도 변화를 설명할 수 있는 에너지 균형 방정식 (Energy Balance Equation)의 물리적 의미를 쉽게 설명하고, COMSOL Multiphysics를 이용한 간단한 해석 과정과 결과를 제시한다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.605-613
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• 2020

This study is to investigate the possibility of using activated carbon prepared from Iraqi date-pits (ADP) which are produced from palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L.) as low-cost reactive material in the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for treating lead (Pb⁺²) from the contaminated groundwater, and then compare the results experimentally with other common reactive materials such as commercial activated carbon (CAC), zeolite pellets (ZP). Factors influencing sorption such as contact time, initial pH of the solution, sorbent dosage, agitation speed, and initial lead concentration has been studied. Two isotherm models were used for the description of sorption data (Langmuir and Freundlich). The maximum lead sorption capacities were measured for ADP, CAC, and ZP and were found to be 24.5, 12.125, and 4.45 mg/g, respectively. The kinetic data were analyzed using various kinetic models particularly pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion. COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5a depend on finite element procedure was applied to formulate transmit of lead (Pb⁺²) in the two-dimensional numerical (2D) model under an equilibrium condition. The numerical solution shows that the contaminant plume is hindered by PRB.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.171-179
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• 2019

We have developed a numerical model to analyze flow dynamics and heat transfer characteristics of the cooling water in a circular rotating magnetron cathode by a moving boundary grid method realized in a commercial multiphysics package, CFD-ACE+. The numerical model is composed of a target, dual mass rotating cathode and cooling water connections. When the inlet and outlet of the cooling water are offset by the same distance from the rotation axis, the temperature at the center is higher by $50^{\circ}C$ at maximum. At 5 mm away from the target surface, the temperature profile showed typical center high characteristic. At heat input of 30 kW, the maximum temperature change of the cooling water hits $6^{\circ}C$ within 0.5 sec under 60 rpm. With a cooling water configuration of center in/edge out, the temperature of the center region of the target gets lowered. Within 100 seconds of plasma operation time, the cooling water temperature keeps getting higher.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2021

Fine chips generated by machining have an impact on machine failure and quality of machined products, it is necessary to remove the chips, so the microchip collection and removal device by rotating conveyor belt with neodymium permanent magnets was developed. In this research, to solve the problem for reducing the existing microchips in the tank, a micro-chip removal device by rotating conveyor belt with neodymium permanent magnets developed. In the development of micro-chip removal device, 3D CATIA modeling was used, and the flow analysis and the electromagnetic force analysis were performed with COMSOL Multiphysics program. To evaluate the performance of the prototypes produced, design of experiments (DOE) is used to obtain the effect of neodymium conveyor movement speed on chip removal for the ANOVA analysis of recovered powders. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the conveyor feed rate on the chip removal performance in detail. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the slower the feeding speed of the fine chip removing device, the more efficient the chip removal.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.269-278
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• 2022

The buffer is a critical barrier component in an engineered barrier system, and its purpose is to prevent potential radionuclides from leaking out from a damaged canister by filling the void in the repository. No experimental parameters exist that can describe the buffer expansion phenomenon when Kyeongju bentonite, which is a buffer candidate material available in Korea, is exposed to groundwater. As conventional experiments to determine these parameters are time consuming and complicated, simple swelling pressure tests, numerical modeling, and machine learning are used in this study to obtain the parameters required to establish a numerical model that can simulate swelling. Swelling tests conducted using Kyeongju bentonite are emulated using the COMSOL Multiphysics numerical analysis tool. Relationships between the swelling phenomenon and mechanical parameters are determined via an artificial neural network. Subsequently, by inputting the swelling tests results into the network, the values for the mechanical parameters of Kyeongju bentonite are obtained. Sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the influential parameters. Results of the numerical analysis based on the identified mechanical parameters are consistent with the experimental values.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.2642-2649
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• 2023

A real-time unmeasured dynamic response prediction process for the nuclear power plant pressure pipeline is proposed and its performance is tested in the test-loop system (KAERI). The aim of the process is to predict unmeasurable or unreachable dynamic responses such as acceleration, velocity, and displacement by using a limited amount of directly measured physical responses. It is achieved by combining a well-constructed finite element model and robust inverse force identification algorithm. The pressure pipeline system is described by using the displacement-pressure vibro-acoustic formulation to consider fully filled liquid effect inside the pipeline structure. A robust multiphysics modal projection technique is employed for the real-time sensor synchronized prediction. The inverse force identification method is also derived and employed by using Bathe's time integration method to identify the full-field responses of the target system from the modal domain computation. To validate the performance of the proposed process, an experimental test is extensively performed on the nuclear power plant pressure pipeline test-loop under operation conditions. The results show that the proposed identification process could well estimate the unmeasured acceleration in both frequency and time domain faster than 32,768 samples per sec.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.2591-2603
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• 2023

Simulating the Corrosion-Related Unidentified Deposit (CRUD) on the surface of fuel assemblies is necessary to predict the axial offset anomaly and the localized corrosion induced by the CRUD during the operation of nuclear power plants. A new CRUD model was developed to predict the formation of the CRUD deposits, considering the deposition and erosion mechanisms. The heat transfer and capillary flow within the CRUD were also considered to evaluate the boiling amount within the CRUD layer. This model predicted a CRUD deposit thickness of 44 ㎛ during a one-cycle operation of the Seabrook nuclear power plant. The CRUD deposition tended to accelerate and decelerate during the simulation, by being related to boiling mechanism on the deposits surface. Additionally, during a three-cycle operation corresponding to the refueling period, the CRUD deposition was saturated at a thickness of 80 ㎛, which was in good agreement with the suggested thickness for CRUD buildupin pressurized water reactors. Surface boiling on the thin CRUD deposits enhanced the acceleration of the deposition, even when the wick boiling properties were not favorable for CRUD deposition. To ensure the certainty of the simulation results, sensitivity analyses were conducted for the porosity, chimney density, and the constants employed in the proposed model of the CRUD.