• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.227-256
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• 2013

Existing multinational subsidiary typologies seem to have limitations in two respects. First, the prevalence of subsidiary classification along two-dimensions fails to capture many distinct subsidiary types. Failure to reflect a sufficient richness in dimensionality can give rise to a partial picture of subsidiary typologies in the international business literature. A new typology developed from multi-dimensional approach will be required for reflecting various subsidiary roles in the multinational enterprise. Second, multinational subsidiary performing a number of activities is hard to be defined functionally across the value chain activities. In addition, multinational subsidiary roles can vary dramatically. In conclusion, despite a growing amount of work on subsidiary typologies, there seems to be limited convergence of results. the study regarding subsidiary roles still remain a challenge. In this respect, the purpose of this study is to develop a new typology based on multi-dimensional approach in order to overcome the limitations of traditional typologies. To classify subsidiary types, we propose 8 types of multinational subsidiary according to three dimensions that are adopted: (1) number of required value chain activities (2) subsidiary's sourcing capability and autonomy (3) global orientation (3) The case study analyzing Korean foreign subsidiaries appropriate for 8 types is performed to establish the validity of this study.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.1-41
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• 2008

The Korean semiconductor industry has made a great contribution to growth of Korean economy for the last decades by maintaining a top position in terms of Korean total annual export volume. However, the advanced semiconductor equipment and materials that are used for the production of semiconductor devices still depend on the suppliers from Europe, Japan, and America who have an influential position in the Korean semiconductor industry. The objective of this study is to empirically investigate the attributes determining the extent of autonomy in decision making for the Korean subsidiaries of multinational corporations in the semiconductor industry. This study found there were differences in the extent of autonomy in decision making in terms of the global strategies the multinational corporations pursue. This study surveyed employees at the Korean subsidiaries and joint venture companies of semiconductor multinational corporations and collected 726 survey questionnaires. Several statistical analyses including frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, multiple regression analysis and ANOVA were performed using the collected sample data. Based on the analyses, this study found as follows: Firstly, from the factor analysis, this study found Korean subsidiaries faced three sources of uncertainties stemmed from political conditions, competent conditions, demand and supply conditions. The internal resources were characterized by the independencies of production capability, financial capability, marketing capability and human resource management capability. The operational performance was determined by total revenue, net profit and market share growth. Secondly, it was found the uncertainties from political condition and competent condition and the independencies of financial capability and marketing capability partially influenced the extent of autonomy in decision making. The independencies of production capability and human resource management capability significantly influenced the autonomy of decision making in the most areas. It was also found an increase of total revenue, net profit and market share growth partially affected the extent of autonomy in decision making of the Korean subsidiaries. Finally, it was found that the polycentrism of global management by multinational corporations seemed to bring a higher extent of autonomy in decision making than ethnocentrism or geocentrism of global management. Based on the results, this study provided managerial implications regarding the extent of autonomy in decision making for Korean subsidiaries of multinational corporations in order to help management to enhance their business capabilities.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.135-168
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• 2008

The Korean semiconductor industry has made a great contribution to growth of Korean economy for the last decades by maintaining a top position in terms of Korean total annual export volume. However, the advanced semiconductor equipment and materials that are used for the production of semiconductor devices still depend on the suppliers from Europe, Japan, and America who have an influential position in the Korean semiconductor industry. The objective of this study is to empirically investigate the attributes determining the extent of autonomy in decision making for the Korean subsidiaries of multinational corporations in the semiconductor industry. This study found there were differences in the extent of autonomy in decision making in terms of the global strategies the multinational corporations pursue. This study surveyed employees at the Korean subsidiaries and joint venture companies of semiconductor multinational corporations and collected 726 survey questionnaires. Several statistical analyses including frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, multiple regression analysis and ANOVA were performed using the collected sample data. Based on the analyses, this study found as follow: Firstly, from the factor analysis, this study found Korean subsidiaries faced three sources of uncertainties stemmed from political conditions, competent conditions, demand and supply conditions. The internal resources were characterized by the independencies of production capability, financial capability, marketing capability and human resource management capability. The operational performance was determined by total revenue, net profit and market share growth. Secondly, it was found the uncertainties from political condition and competent condition and the independencies of financial capability and marketing capability partially influenced the extent of autonomy in decision making. The independencies of production capability and human resource management capability significantly influenced the autonomy of decision making in the most areas. It was also found an increase of total revenue, net profit and market share growth partially affected the extent of autonomy in decision making of the Korean subsidiaries. Finally, it was found that the polycentrism of global management by multinational corporations seemed to bring a higher extent of autonomy in decision making than ethnocentrism or geocentrism of global management. Based on the results, this study provided managerial implications regarding the extent of autonomy in decision making for Korean subsidiaries of multinational corporations in order to help management to enhance their business capabilities.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.327-331
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• 1984

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.76-76
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• 2005

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.73
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• pp.91-110
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• 2017

Recently, world wide trading which support free trade will increase the economic volume size. It will grow the quality of life. But, the reduce of gap between the rich state and the poor one has always been risen the problem of one of welfare. Trough unregulated trade activities, multinational corporations succeeded in expanding the market globally. However, there were unfair acts such as infringement of serious rights of producer of low development countries. Fair trade has begun to pay fair value to them and to ease inequality, but, as time went by, the its idea became thinner, distorted in the market, or became a marketing tools. So, In this paper, I analyze the limitations and causes of fair trade and suggest directions for fair trade. This Study provided a causes of the limitation of fair trade and for the future, I'll suggest an alternative of limitation of fair trade.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.111-121
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• 2011

Multinational Corporations (MNCs) are establishing globally-distributed R&D centers around the world. Firms can overcome resource constraints and achieve superior innovative performance not only by using internal resources but also acquiring knowledge from oversea R&D centers. This paper explores the key factors that have been cited as significant influences on the ability to transfer knowledge, an important area of knowledge management of MNCs. Also, we identify the emerging outcomes in terms of R&D transfer and for the education, employment, and retention of knowledge works in MNCs. The result will be helpful for both MNC's managers and governments' decision makers with respect to R&D centers.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2016

This paper investigates announcement effects of the outward foreign direct investment (FDI) projects of the Korean multinational companies. Although the FDI is considered corporate activity that can provide various benefits beyond financial resources, the most previous research focused on macro analysis such as country-level and industry-level analysis instead of the firm-level study, which is required to decide the investment project from a management perspective. Thus, this study examines the relationship between the outward FDI activities of the Korean corporations and their financial performance to fill the gap in this area.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.8
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• pp.297-332
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• 1996

It is well observed in the satellite telecommunication policy of several States that legal constraints imposed upon the service coverage of satellite telecommunication as well as broadcasting are to be relaxed in a progressive way. Major aspects of such policy change lie in the adoption of policy refusing traditional concept of national frontier. In the case of direct broadcasting satellite service, while a debate upon the legal issues regarding the spill-over effect of that service is no more major concern of the States, many multinational enterprises are looking for strategic alliance for regional or global DBS project. On the other hand, an implementation plan for connecting the world through global mobile personal communication satellite system is being pursued by several joint effort of multinational firms. Legal issues arise regarding the regulatory competence of each State, Especially, a controversial issue is concerning the sovereign right well recognized upon the regulation of telecommunication. This study is focusing upon the evolution of such policy change for the purpose of allowing us to expect future develpment of worldwide satellite telecommunication policy environment.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.131-152
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• 2015

Environmental differences across countries such as socio-cultural, political, economic, and technological differences require business strategies of multinational corporations to vary business practices across regions. Despite the keen awareness of the necessity for strategic adaptation to local context, IS management and strategy tend to remain similar across countries. One of the reasons is to maintain the stability and compatibility of information technology infrastructure. After a careful observation of retail business practice, this study finds IS strategy should also be highly responsive to the local context. This study shows how information resources including systems architecture, processes, human resources, and national context are interlinked together. Despite global excellence in general systems management, failure in such alignment can be a serious problem in extending competitive advantages across regions. This study aims to reveal issues to be taken care of in order to accomplish global technological alignment. Results of this study provide senior management with guidelines and a framework for aligning IT with regional strategic thrust that can improve local responsiveness of multinational companies.