• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2018

Most capitate fractures occur in association with additional carpal injuries, particularly scaphoid fractures. Isolated fractures of the capitate account for only 0.3% of carpal injuries, and stress fractures are one form of this fracture. We report the case of a 20-year-old male who had a stress fracture of the capitate after serving as an honor guard in the military. Conventional radiographs and computed tomography of the right wrist revealed a minimally displaced fracture line located at the midcarpal aspect of the right capitate. A magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrates a subarticular capitate fracture with diffuse bone marrow edema, small osteophytes, and irregularity of the midcarpal articular cartilage. We also review the carpal kinematics which possibly caused the stress fracture. Although stress fractures of the capitate are rare, they should also be accounted for with patients who perform repetitive motions of the wrist to a considerable extent.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제82권1호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2021

평활근육종은 평활근육세포에서 기원하는 연부조직 육종이다. 평활근육종은 자궁에 흔하게 발생하지만 후복막강, 복강 그리고 혈관조직에도 발생할 수 있다. 자궁 또는 혈관에서 기원하는 평활근육종이 심장에 전이된 증례는 많이 보고되었으나, 내장 외 연부조직에서 생긴 평활근육종은 매우 드물게 발생하며 심장으로의 전이는 더욱 드문 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 좌측 측복부에서 우심실로 전이된 평활근육종의 심초음파 소견과 조영증강 컴퓨터단층촬영소견을 경험하여 보고하고자 한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.4411-4417
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• 2010

64채널 MDCT(multidetector computed tomography)와 128채널 DSCT(dual source computed tomography)를 이용한 관상동맥 전산화단층촬영 시 유효선량과 획득한 영상의 질을 평가함으로서 임상에서의 유용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 피폭선량은 선량길이곱(dose length product: DLP)에 흉부 조직의 가중치(0.017)을 곱하여 유효선량(mSv)으로 계산하였으며, 영상 평가는 심장촬영검사 후 영상의학과 전문의가 5점 Likert 척도(5점 최상)로 평가하였다. DLP 값은 64 채널 MDCT에서는 $851{\sim}1277\;mGy{\cdot}cm$ (평균 유효선량: 17.23mSv), 128 채널 DSCT에서는 $82{\sim}110\;mGy{\cdot}cm$ (평균 유효선량: 1.58mSv)로 각각 분포하였다. 영상 평가점수는 64 채널 MDCT에서 $3.31{\pm}0.62$(4점 이상 34명), 128channel DSCT에서 $4.05{\pm}0.46$(4점 이상 96명)으로 각각 나타났다. 유효선량은 64채널 MDCT에 비해 128채널 DSCT가 1/10 이상 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 영상 평가점수는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며 4점 이상 점수의 빈도는 128채널 DSCT에서 2.8배 높게 나타났다. 결론적으로 관상동맥 전산화단층촬영검사에서는 128채널 DSCT가 64채널 MDCT에 비해 환자가 받는 유효선량은 감소하고 영상 평가점수는 높게 나타나 임상에서 보다 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2014

Background The septal cartilage is the most useful donor site for autologous cartilage graft material in rhinoplasty. For successful nasal surgery, it is necessary to understand the developmental process of the nasal septum and to predict the amount of harvestable septal cartilage before surgery. Methods One hundred twenty-three Korean patients who underwent three-dimensional (3D) facial bone computed tomography (CT) were selected for evaluation of the midsagittal view of the nasal septum. Multiple parameters such as the area of each component of the nasal septum and the amount of harvestable septal cartilage were measured using Digimizer software. Results The area of the total nasal septum showed rapid growth until the teenage years, but thereafter no significant change throughout the lifetime. However, the development of the septal cartilage showed a gradual decline due to ossification changes with aging after puberty in spite of a lack of change in the total septal area. The area of harvestable septal cartilage in young adults was $549.84{\pm}151.26mm^2$ and decreased thereafter with age. Conclusions A 3D facial bone CT scan can provide valuable information on the septal cartilage graft before rhinoplasty. Considering the developmental process of the septal cartilage identified in this study, septal surgery should not be performed until puberty due to the risk of nasal growth impairment. Furthermore, in elderly patients who show a decreased cartilage area due to ossification changes, septal cartilage harvesting should be performed carefully due to the risk of saddle nose deformity.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.122-131
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• 2012

Purpose: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is clinically defined as a coma of over six hours in a head trauma victim without a focal mass lesion. The emergency physician usually resuscitates and stabilizes a comatose head trauma victim in the emergency Department. After assessment and treatment, the prognosis is very important to both the victim and the physician. The prognosis for DAI is based on Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and other imaging data. We investigated the prognostic value of computed tomography (CT) and gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging (GRI) for head trauma victims with DAI. Methods: Fifty-three(53) head trauma victims of DAI were enrolled in this study from 2007 to 2012. During the study period of six years, data on trauma victims were collected retrospectively. We analyzed the differences in the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) result between the CT and the GRI modalities. Results: We classified the study group by using GOS. Between the good outcome subgroup (GOS scores of 4 and 5) and the poor outcome subgroup (GOS score of 1-3), there were no statistical difference in sex, age, initial vital signs and initial GCS score. The good outcome subgroup had non-hemorrhage on CT(52%), which was correlated with good outcome and a shorter awakening time, while a larger number and a deeper location of hemorrhagic lesions on in GRI were correlated with poor outcome in DAI. Conclusion: We conclude that the existence of hemorrhagic lesions on CT, and the number and location of those lesions on GRI had good prognostic value for head trauma victims with DAI.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2015

In perforator flap reconstruction, vascular mapping using preoperative computed tomography (CT) angiography is widely used to confirm the existence and location of an appropriate perforator. This study proposes a rapid, accurate, and convenient method for marking the perforator location on the skin surface. For 12 patients who underwent perforator flap reconstruction between November 2011 and November 2013, metal clips were fixed on the skin surface at the anticipated perforator locations, which were decided using a handheld Doppler. CT angiography was used to compare the location between the metal clip and the actual perforator. The metal clip was moved and repositioned, if needed, on the basis of the CT images. The locations of the appropriate perforator and the metal clip, which were observed during the surgery, were then compared. In CT angiography, the mean distance between the metal clip and the perforator was $3{\pm}3.9mm$, and the mean distance that was measured during surgery was $0.8{\pm}0.8mm$. In conclusion, we report a simple, rapid, and precise technique to indicate the accurate location of the appropriate perforator on the skin surface.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.279-287
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• 2021

Purpose: The clinical implications of bowel wall thickening (BWT) on abdominal computed tomography (CT) among children are unknown. We aimed to suggest a new method for measuring BWT and determining its clinical significance in children. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 423 patients with acute abdomen who underwent abdominal CT; 262 were classified into the BWT group. For this group, the pediatric radiologist described the maximal bowel wall thickness (MT), normal bowel wall thickness (mm) (NT), and their ratios for each segment of the bowel wall. Results: In the thickened bowel walls, the thickness differed significantly between the small bowel (6.83±2.14 mm; mean±standard deviation) and the colon (8.56±3.46 mm; p<0.001). The ratios of MT to NT in the small bowel (6.09±3.17) and the colon (7.58±3.70) were also significantly different (p<0.001). In the BWT group, 35 of 53 patients had positive fecal polymerase chain reaction results; 6 patients infected with viruses predominantly had BWT in the small intestine, while the terminal ileum and the colon were predominantly affected in 29 patients with bacterial infections. In the initially undiagnosed 158 patients with BWT, the symptoms improved spontaneously without progression to chronic gastrointestinal disease. Conclusion: This study provides a clinical reference value for BWT in the small intestine and colon using a new method in children. The BWT on abdominal CT in children might indicate nonspecific findings that can be observed and followed up without additional evaluation, unlike in adults.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2022

Objectives: To measure tympanic bone thickness (anterior-superior, anterior-inferior, and inferior wall), external ear canal length, and tympanomandibular distance that can be useful in cases that undergo tympanic bone resection. Materials and Methods: The temporal computed tomography (CT) images of 349 patients were retrospectively evaluated. The anterior-inferior, anterior-superior, and inferior wall thicknesses; tympanomandibular distance; and external auditory canal (EAC) bone canal length were measured from the narrowest part of the canal. The shapes of the EAC in the coronal and sagittal planes were also examined. Results: The numbers of female and male patients were similar, and the mean age was 49.45±13.95 years. The anterior-superior, anterior-inferior, and inferior wall thicknesses were 1.92±0.60, 2.54±0.74, and 9.16±2.20 mm, respectively. The anterior-superior and anterior-inferior wall thicknesses and canal lengths were greater on the right side (P<0.001). All measurement values were higher in males, except right tympanomandibular distance (P<0.05). A non-significant negative correlation was found between the age of the participants and the left anterior-inferior wall and tympanomandibular distance on both sides. Intra-observer agreement was high for all measurements. We observed four main shapes in the external ear canal in the coronal plane: Type 3, Type 2, Type 1, and Type 4 in order of frequency on the right, and Type 2, Type 3, Type 1, and Type 4 on the left. In the sagittal plane, we detected three shapes: oval (74.4%), triangular (16.3%), and round (9.4%). Conclusion: The anterior wall thicknesses and tympanomandibular distance should be measured on preoperative temporal bone CT to safely perform tympanic bone anterior resection, which is required in some otological procedures, and also to prevent temporomandibular joint damage.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2023

Purpose: This study evaluated maxillary sinus volume changes in military jet aircraft pilot candidates before and after the training program, in comparison with a control group, considering the effects of pressurization, altitude, and total flight hours, through multislice computed tomography. Materials and Methods: Fifteen fighter pilots were evaluated before initiating the training program and after the final approval. The control group consisted of 41 young adults who had not flown during their military career. The volumes of each maxillary sinus were measured individually before and at the end of the training program. Results: When comparing the initial and final volumes in the pilots, a statistically significant increase was observed both in the left and right maxillary sinuses. When evaluating the average total volume of the maxillary sinuses(i.e., the average volume of the right and left maxillary sinuses together), a significant increase in the volume of the maxillary sinuses was observed in the pilot group when compared to the control group. Conclusion: The maxillary sinus volumes in aircraft pilot candidates increased after the 8-month training program. This may be explained by changes in the gravitational force, the expansion of gas, and positive pressure from oxygen masks. This unprecedented investigation among pilots might lead to other investigations considering paranasal sinus alterations in this singular population.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제82권6호
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• pp.1441-1476
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• 2021

기관-기관지분지는 폐와 전신에 산소 공급을 위한 공기의 통로이며, 다양한 병적 상태들이 이러한 해부학적 부위를 침범할 수 있다. 다중 검출 전산화단층촬영은 다양한 기도 질환들의 진단을 위한 발견 및 특성화에 있어 중요한 역할을 한다. 가상 기관지경 검사나 자동 폐분석과 같은 후처리를 통해 영상 영상검사의 활용이 더욱 높아질 수 있다. 본 임상 화보에서는 벽비후와 기관 내 결절의 형태로 나타나는 다양한 기관지 병변들의 다중 검출 전산화단층촬영에서의 소견 및 고차원적 영상 시각화와 분석 영상을 제공하고자 한다.