• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.137-146
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• 2007

CFD simulation is a very useful tool to predict the concentration of contaminant generated from the building materials in a single room. However, there is a limitation on analyzing air movement and contaminant concentration in a multi-room when the door of each room is closed. In this study, network based simulation was coupled with contaminant simulation for the multi-room condition, using an network simulation tool 'ESP-r'. The coupled simulation was first validated with experimental measurements which performed to define the characteristics of the analyzed space prior to the simulation, and indoor air flow and contaminant concentration between rooms were then analyzed when the door of each room was open and closed in the case of natural and forced ventilation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.10 s.188
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• pp.1-13
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to make clear the present condition and the reason of noise in one-room ape multi-family housing around the campus by residents' subjective responses. The respondents are 104 residents living in one-room ape multi-family housing around the campus. The results are as follows. 1) The residents show relatively non-positive responses at evening and night on the present condition of noise in outdoor and indoor of building or indoor of house unit. 2) The types of outdoor noise of building are checked frequently are 'talking loudness' and 'traffic noise'. 'Walking and talking sounds in stairs and corridors' among the types of indoor noise of building shows highest percentage. They answer 'living equipment noise' and 'water hammer' as major types of indoor noise of house unit.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.199-204
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• 2000

This paper reports a thermal environmental analysis of a room in accommodated with multi-heat sources according to ventilation condition. Two case modification have been investigated to obtain the lower temperature distribution in the room. The temperature distribution of the original room were found about $25{\sim}35^{\circ}C$. As a result, the use of, three ventilating fans and two electric fans are useful for room ventilation respectively, and using two electric fan is more recommendable in side of economical efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 1999

Around campus, one-room type multi-family houses have been built for more than any other types of one-room type dwelling units. However, these houses are built in a very small scale and have insufficient facilities due to the limited capital invested by the owners of the houses. Consequently, one-room type multi-family housing are lack of consideration and care for various dwellers. This study examines the existing condition of one-room type multi-family housing around campus and analyzes the data collected from the interviews and analyses of the floor plans of the housing. Finally, based on the findings from the analyses this study suggests the future direction for the planning of one-room type multi-family housing.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.311-318
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• 2006

CFD simulation is a tool very useful to predict the generation and absorption of the contaminant from the construction materials for the single room condition. However, there is a limit in multi-room simulation for analyzing air movement and contaminant concentration at the condition that the door of each room was closed. A lot of network simulation tool were developed which can used to analyze the mass transfer and contaminant concentration as results in the multi-room condition. However, existing network simulation method was not able to analyze the change of the heating and cooling load with the ventilation as though the change of the indoor air-pollution density was predictable. In this study, new approach to predict heating/cooling load and indoor contaminant concentration will be reviewed. New indoor contaminant concentration module reviewed in this study wad coupled with existing ESP-r network simulation method. The validity of new approach will be analysed for comparison the results of simulation and field measurement results.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.3 s.50
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• pp.191-198
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• 2005

The present study is a preliminary research improving the dwelling quality of one-room type multi-family housings around the university campus. The purpose of the study is to investigate the present condition of Indoor noise level using · residents' responses and field measurements. The respondents are 104 residents living in one-room type multi-family housings. The field measurements on equivalent noise level of indoor and outdoor were carried out in 6 subject house units during the $26th\~28th$ of November 2002. The results are as follows. 1) The residents show relatively non-positive responses at evening and night on the present condition of indoor noise. 2) They answer 'living equipment foise' and 'water hammer' as major types of indoor noise of house unit. 3) Outdoor noise levels, basic factor of noise environment in 6 subject buildings were distributed $52.8\~65.3dB(A)Leq_{5min}$ and were inappropriate to the standard for environmental noise, $55 dB(A)Leq_{5min}$. 4) Indoor noise levels of subject house units were measured as $27.5\~63.5dB(A)Leq_{5min}$, the average of each house unit except one house unit was higher than the level feeling as noise, 40dB(A). 5) It was found that the differences of indoor noise levels between subject house units were caused by 'residents' living noise', 'living equipment noise', 'water hammer', and 'walking and talking noise in stairs and corridors'. 6) Therefore, it is required to plan for improving the quality of noise environment in one-room type multi-family housing around the campus. For example, soundproof construction (including double window with pair glass and balcony), outdoor garden with trees and water for increasing natural sound, interior materials with sound absorbing power to absorb living noise, soundproof pipe or double surface pipe for decreasing 'water hammer', and noiseproof floors, etc. are required.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.27-36
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• 2005

A ward is a place where the patients are living and staying for 80% of the all those days in the hospital. So the Ward's conditions are very important to them. We group a ward's conditions in two classes, one in the physical condition ; area, noise, temperature etc. and the others is the physical condition ; privacy, field. According to the analysis, the patients had beed under a mental stress and they did negative action, by the ward's environmental conditions. This study find influence of the ward's environmental conditions with violate each patients privacy using multi-bedroom's restroom. So we suggest that the ideal multi-bedroom's restroom, solve the they got the problems.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2002

This study aims to investigate and evaluate the room acoustic designs of a multi purpose gymnasiums which do not use adjustable treatments in order to change the acoustical characteristics. Considering the main uses of gymnasium and auditorium, experiments were carried out using both nondirectional speakers on the stage and loudspeaker installed on the ceiling. The result from the study are as follows; Measured RT under unoccupied condition was a little longer than the expected value, therefore, in the case of occupied condition RT would be close to the optimum value. However, parameters that evaluate intelligibility and speech transmission property appeared to be low and have large differences depending on the measuring points, therefore, more effective sound reflecting surfaces and sound reinforcement systems should be considered.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.722-728
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• 2005

The present paper deals with heating energy estimation in Korean-style apartments, paying special attention to the effect of room condition settings. Two types of heating modes are considered: continuous single-zone and scheduled multi-zone. In the latter, zones during unoccupied periods remain unconditioned. Also analyzed are sensitivities in heating energy with respect to the air change rate and the set temperature. The energy use is estimated with TRNSYS 15, a dynamic load calculation program. Heating energy for the actual residential condition (1.0 ACH and $24^{\circ}C$) appears to be nearly the same as that for a typical design standard (1.5 ACH and $20^{\circ}C$). The air change rate affects heating energy as sensitive]y as the set temperature. For all the simulated cases, the scheduled multi-zone heating mode is more energy-efficient than the continuous single-zone. Heating energy depends appreciably on the shading factor. It is expected that considerable heating energy for apartment houses can be saved by employing a multi-zone mode along with appropriate control devices.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.484-491
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• 1997

In this paper, an approach to determine the in-ordinal condition of a room, which is based on multi variable analysis, is proposed. According to this approach, the distance of a state from the ordinal condition is thought to be evaluated by the Mahalanobis' distance. The temperature changes of a room were measured and their statistical characteristics such as distribution type, the mean value and the standard deviation are studied. The applicability of the method for the fire detection is also investigated.