• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2013

The narrow dynamic range of most smart phone cameras is severely limited. It usually is narrower than the dynamic range of most scenes. So we proposes a illuminance dynamic range expansion using multi-point knee for smart phone camera. Such as logarithmic functions the proposed method compress the image sensor output signal. Additionally, the proposed method was merged into the gamma that is essential circuit for any cameras. To justifying multi-point knee effectiveness, we configure the control and quality evaluation system for smart phone camera module. Experimental results show that the lost information by cut off and saturated affectively reconstructed in darker and in brighter areas. Finally this methods have advantage to implement without any changing hardware for conventional smart phones.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.335-352
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• 2023

When solving multi-objective optimization problems, the blindness of the evolution direction of the population gradually emerges with the increase in the number of objectives, and there are also problems of convergence and diversity that are difficult to balance. The many- objective optimization problem makes some classic multi-objective optimization algorithms face challenges due to the huge objective space. The sine cosine algorithm is a new type of natural simulation optimization algorithm, which uses the sine and cosine mathematical model to solve the optimization problem. In this paper, a knee-driven many-objective sine-cosine algorithm (MaSCA-KD) is proposed. First, the Latin hypercube population initialization strategy is used to generate the initial population, in order to ensure that the population is evenly distributed in the decision space. Secondly, special points in the population, such as nadir point and knee points, are adopted to increase selection pressure and guide population evolution. In the process of environmental selection, the diversity of the population is promoted through diversity criteria. Through the above strategies, the balance of population convergence and diversity is achieved. Experimental research on the WFG series of benchmark problems shows that the MaSCA-KD algorithm has a certain degree of competitiveness compared with the existing algorithms. The algorithm has good performance and can be used as an alternative tool for many-objective optimization problems.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.239-254
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• 2006

The 3rd Japan-Korea Workshop on Acupuncture and EBM was held at Kanazawa on June $16^{th}$. From Korea team, 4 papers were presented. Dr. Hahn introduced a new approach of data analysis on series of n-of-1 trials using the Bayesian statistics. It offered important information for the future n-of-1 trials. Dr. Park clearly demonstrated the significance of various sham devices proposed and stressed the importance of research questions when we choose the control intervention in RCT. Dr. Lee reported the results of survey in Korean Medical Doctors (KMD) for their point selection and techniques to the distal and local points. Dr. Kim presented the results of face to face survey on the KMD with 28 items for acupuncture treatment on the knee OA. Finally, a draft of protocol was introduced by Dr. Kim. The title was "multi-center, a randomized, single blinded, two arms, parallel-group study to compare the effectiveness and safety of 'individualized acupuncture' and 'standardized minimal acupuncture' in Korean and Japanese patients with knee osteoarthritis (Phase IV)". From Japan team, 7 speakers presented their comments and proposals on the protocol. Dr. Takahashi introduced several issues regarding n-of-1 trials and pointed out the importance of obtaining generalizability from n-of-1 trials. Dr. Shichidou pointed the importance of research design, selection of outcome measures and reduction of biases. Dr. Itoh presented the results of point selection for the knee OA based on the literature survey. Dr. Sumiya introduced several differences between KMD and Japanese acupuncturists based on the questionnaire used in KMD survey. Dr. Furuya demonstrated a result of press tack needle and its sham device on shoulder stiffness. Dr. Yamashita introduced the results of literature survey regarding adverse events occurred by acupuncture on knee OA. Dr.Tsukayama stressed the importance of responsibility of Institutional Review Board (IRB) for the conduction of clinical trials. After several issues were discussed, the need of continued meeting for final protocol development was agreed, then the workshop was closed.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.66-78
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• 2014

목적 : 경혈의 임피던스를 측정하여 경혈의 특이성을 확보하고자 다수 연구가 진행되어왔다. 직류전압과 교류전압을 자극하여 단순히 경혈이 위치한 피부 임피던스를 측정하는 방식이 아닌 Multi-Frequency Body Impedance analysis(MF BIA) 기법을 이용하여 생체 구조 성분(세포 외액, 세포내액의 저항성분 그리고 세포막의 용량성분)을 추출하는 방법을 이용하여 경혈의 특이성을 확보하고자 한다. 인체 내 생체 이온 변화가 발생하였을 시, 경혈이 비경혈에 발생 전/후 높은 변화율이 관찰될 것이라는 가정을 하에, 생체 이온 변화를 유도하기 위하여 근피로를 유발하였으며, 유도 전/후의 생체 구조 성분을 비교 분석하였다. 방법: 대퇴직근에 근피로를 유도하기 위하여 건강한 대학생에게 Knee extension/flexion의 등속도 운동을 통하였다. 생체 이온 변화를 확인하기 위하여 젖산을 측정하였으며, 피험자마다 동일한 근피로를 유발하기 위하여 EMG(electromyogram) 분석을 통하여 peak torque와 median frequency를 분석하였다. 근피로 유발 24시간 이후까지 젖산과 peak torque와 median frequency을 측정하였으며, 각 단계마다 복토(ST32), 음시(ST33) 과 인접한 비경혈 2개에 대하여 생체 구조 성분 또한 측정하였다. 결과 : 젖산과 peak torque와 median frequency은 24시간 이후 근피로 유발 전으로 회복되었다. 세포외액 저항성분의 경우 비경혈에 비하여 복토(ST32)에서 생체 이온 변화에 따라 높은 변화율이 관찰되었으나, 음시(ST33) 에서는 비경혈에 비하여 낮은 변화율이 관찰되었다. 세포내액 저항성분은 경혈과 비경혈 사이 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 복토(ST32)에서 세포막의 용량성분이 높은 변화율이 관찰되었지만, 음시(ST33)와 인접한 비경혈간의 뚜렷한 차이가 확인되지 않았다. 결론 : 생체 이온 변화에 따라 인접한 비경혈과 비교해보았을 시, 경혈에서의 상대적으로 높고 낮은 혹은 유사한 변화율이 관찰되었다. 따라서 경혈의 특이성을 확보하지 못하였으며, 생체 구조 성분 추출을 통하여 세포 이온 변화에 따른 경혈의 특이성을 확보하기에는 한계점을 가지고 있다고 결론을 내렸다.