• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.253-260
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• 2012

This study was undertaken to investigate the influence of multi-probiotics, fermented ginseng byproducts and fermented sulfone as an alternative to probiotics on performance, intestinal microflora and immunity of broiler. A five weeks trial was conducted with one day old Ross${\times}$Ross broilers (n=340), divided into five groups which further divided into 4 replicates with 17 birds in each replicate. Birds were assigned to 5 dietary treatments as control, antibiotic avilamycin (AB), multi-probiotics (MP), fermented sulfone (FS) and fermented ginseng byproducts (FGB). Growth parameters were recorded on weekly basis while rest of the parameters viz. blood and faeces were collected at the end of the experiment. Growth parameters were not affected statistically by dietary treatments. However, numerically, higher body weight, splenocytes proliferation and lower total cholesterol and LDL values were found in MP treatment (P>0.05). Salmonella spp. count ($P{\leq}0.001$) and E. coli (P<0.001) concentrations in the ileum were found lowest in AB treatment while FS group showed lowest level of yeast (P<0.10) and Lactobacillus spp. ($P{\leq}0.001$). Fecal ammonia and $CO_2$ emission was significantly decreased in FGB than other dietary treatments (P<0.05). It was concluded that multi-probiotics would be valuable feed additives to improve the growth performance, Lactobacillus proliferation and immunity of broiler chicks.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.123-135
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• 2009

To cope with the threats posed by climate change actively, this study tries to examine multi-functional fashion design with the moral awareness of environment, which could be a direct cause of climate change. Literature and patents on multi-functional fashion design following climate change at home and abroad are examined to find the trend of multi-functional fashion designs. And fashion design that can protect human body to cope with climate change is analyzed. This study found that first, it is necessary to recognize the environment problems in the design process so that material is used to the minimum to minimize pollution and enable welfare and continuation of human society; second, environmentally friendly production and rational consumption such as manual production without waste of energy and material need to be favored to minimize the destruction of environment; third, to cope with environment and climate changes, design that allows an item to have diverse functions is needed so that it can have varied lengths, widths, and thicknesses, and it can be put on and taken off.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.227-232
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• 2016

3D body scan data are used widely in various fields to make products and living spaces for superior human body fitness. Based on the 3D measurements of human bodies for teens in Size Korea 2013, this research provides a way of finding the representative body sizes and 3D body scan data. First, a multi-dimensional vector space consisting of many measurement items was projected onto a 2D vector space with circumference and length components via factor analysis. The representative body sizes and 3D scan data close to these values were obtained via the Mahalanobis distance in 2D space. Considering the adolescent growth pattern shown on this 2D space, males were divided into 4 age groups and females were divided into 3 age groups. Using the eigenbodies corresponding to the column vectors of the component score coefficient matrix, the representative body sizes of 13 measurement items (male) and 14 measurement items (female) for each age group were calculated. The representative body sizes and 3D scan data are very useful for modeling representative 3D human figures.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.7
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• pp.934-939
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• 2014

The daily recording of basal body temperature is the most useful method of determining the term of ovulation by resolving the rise in temperature. To support this aim, Graphical User Interface (GUI) system is designed and implemented to visualize the basal body temperature variations on daily basis by using android platform smartphone with programming multi-thread Java modules. To estimate the occurrence of ovulation cycle, a new method of analyzing the low-frequency features including a DC level and the second largest peak in frequency spectrum domain is proposed with interpreting the prominent features into the average basal-body temperature variations and a menstrual cycle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.97-102
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• 2008

The vibration of a vehicle, which is caused by and transmitted from the engine, has significant effect on the ride comfort and the dynamic characteristics of the engine mount system have direct influence on the vibration and noise of the vehicle. This paper examines the body shake caused by the engine excitation force on engine key on/off of a medium truck by experiment and simulation. The analysis model consists of the engine, a body including the frame, front and rear suspensions and tires. The force element between the body and the suspension is modeled as a combination of a suspension spring and a damper. The engine shake obtained from the experiment was compared with the result of the computer simulation, and by using the verified computer model, parametric study of the body shake on engine key on/off is performed with changing the stiffness of an engine mount rubber, the engine mount angle, and the position of engine mounts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.1032-1037
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• 2003

Although the holes on the shell case are very important fer the acoustic performance, it is difficult to solve the problem because the case includes thin bodies. Hence, in the past, only the method of trial and error, which depends on the engineer's intuition and experience, was available fur the design of holes. Many researchers have tried to solve the thin-body acoustic problems, since the conventional boundary element method (BEM ) using the Helmholtz integral equation fails to yield a reliable solution fer the numerical modelling of radiation anti scattering of sound from thin bodies. In the area of the analysis of thin-body acoustic problem, three approaches are generally used; the multi-domain BEM, the indirect variational BEM, and the normal derivative integral equation And there has been just a f9w study reported on the design optimization for the acoustic radiation problems by using only the conventional BEM. For the thin-body acoustics, however, no further study in the optimization fields has been reported. In this research, the normal derivative integral equation is adopted as an analysis formulation in the thin-body acoustics, and then used fur the optimization. The analytical approaches for the design of holes are proposed by using a topology optimization technique and a genetic algorithm. The proposed approaches are implemented and validated using numerical examples.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.49
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• pp.296-318
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze whether or not, if a community social service center was affiliated with a governing body running other community social service centers, the center would have better organizational performance in comparing to an independently running center. Data was collected from a nationwide mailed and self-administered survey, which 237 centers out of 343 community social service centers responded. Even if, the response rate was 72%, 218 centers were finally analyzed due to the weakness of reliability and incompleteness. By the way, measurement of organizational performance as the dependent variable has been substituted of the results of nationwide organizational evaluation project as the secondary data. One of findings is that 68% of 218 responding centers appeared to be affiliated with a governing body which running more than three other centers, while 41% being affiliated with a body which running more than five other centers. However, a logistic regression analysis which using organizational performance as the dependent variable, has failed to verify the hypothesis that a center which affiliated with a governing body running other centers has better organizational performance when comparing to an independent center. The researcher assumes that a part of governing bodies has better performance and improves competitiveness while the other larger part of them pursues simple organizational growth. Thus, this situation made that the overall evaluation of being affiliated with a large governing body was not positive.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1365-1374
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• 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the synergistic effect of exogenous multienzyme and phytase on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, blood metabolites, intestinal microflora, and morphology in broilers fed corn-wheat-soybean meal diets. Methods: A 2×2 factorial design was used in this study. Four dietary treatments consisted of i) basal diets (corn-wheat-soybean meal based diets without multi-enzyme and phytase), ii) basal diets with phytase (0.05%), iii) basal diets with exogenous multi-enzyme (0.05%), and iv) basal diets with exogenous multi-enzyme including phytase (0.05%). A total of 480 broiler chickens (Ross 308 - one day old) were weighed and allotted to thirty-two cages (15 birds per cage), and chicks were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments. Results: The body weight gain and feed conversion rate were improved by supplementation of exogenous multi-enzyme containing phytase during the finisher period (p<0.05). The birds fed diets with exogenous multi-enzyme containing phytase had a significantly greater digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, crude protein, calcium, and phosphorus compared with birds fed non-supplemented diets (p<0.05). The chickens fed diets with exogenous multi-enzyme containing phytase showed a higher concentration of Ca and P in the serum (p<0.05). The population of Lactobacillus spp., Escherichia coli, and Clostridium were not affected in the ileum and cecum of chickens fed enzyme-supplemented diets. The dietary supplemental exogenous multi-enzyme containing phytase showed a significant improvement in villus height, crypt depth, and villus height and crypt depth ratio, compared to basal diets or dietary supplemental phytase (p<0.05). Conclusion: The supplementation of the exogenous multi-enzyme containing phytase synergistically improved the growth performance, nutrients digestibility, and villus height of the small intestine of broiler chickens fed a corn-wheat-soybean meal based diets.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.2023-2028
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• 2004

This paper reveals the utilization of the multi-gent system that based on the Blackboard system basis as the controller of Soccer Robot. This system is a portion of developing the Soccer Robot team for Robocup 2004 Competition. In this development, the intelligent control system was initiated by the combination of parallel and distributed blackboard structures with the principle design that generated from human body structures, which consists of the combination of two main systems, the organs system and the brain system. The system is designed using the control system theory based on Blackboard basis. Modification of the initial structures to corroborate the Soccer Robot and the structure's constituents are clarified accordingly. To demonstrate the idea, ITE-old team is given as a case study.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1187-1199
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• 2017

In recent years, research about Natural User Interface (NUI) has become focused because NUI system can give natural feelings for users in virtual reality. Most important thing in NUI system is how to communicate with the computer system. There are many things to interact with users such as speech, hand gestures, body actions. Among them, hand gesture is suitable for the purpose of NUI because people often use a relatively high frequency in daily life and hand gesture have meaning only by itself. This hand gestures called multi-cultural hand gesture and we proposed the method to recognize this kind of hand gestures. Proposed method is composed of Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) used for hand shape recognition and Histogram of Oriented Displacements (HOD) used for hand center point trajectory recognition.