• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.239-259
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• 1993

The vegetation types and distributional characteristics of the forest vegetation on Mt. Ilwol were investigated by the Z-M school method. Geographical distribution of the vegetation was a central/montane(CEMO) type of the Korean Peninsula subtype. The forest was classified into five vegetation units: Artemisio-Quercetum mongolicae (Artemisio-Quercetum typicum subass. nov., Artemsio-Quercetum pinetosum dens~florae subass. nov. ). Lychno-Quercetum mongolicae (Lychno-Quercetum Calamagrostetosum arundinaceae subass. nov.. Lychno-Quercetum ligularetosum f~scherii subass. nov.), Fraxinus rhynchophylla community, Quercus variabilis community and Larix leptolepis afforestation. Species with percentage constance degree more than 61% are Quercus mongolica (89.5%, V), Lespedeza maximowiczii (73.7%, IV), Isodon japonicus(73.7%, IV), Fraxinus rhynchophylla (68.%, IV), Arlemisia stolonifera (65, 8%, IV), etc. Artemisio-Quercetum mongolicae was chiefly distributed on the ridge lines of low altitudes (570~700m) and on the ground with exposed rocks in sloping surface (800~1, 000m). Both Fraxinus sievoldiana and Rhododendrou schlippenbachii of the Artemisio-Quercetum mongolicae showed a predominant condition all over the subtree and shrub layers. Of Artemisio-Quercetum pinetosum densifloraes, Pinus densiflora becomes powerful over the tree layer and, on the other hand, Quercus mongolica over the subtree layer. Lychno-Quercetum mongolicae was distributed somewhat on the humid region of the high altitude area (840~1.200m). Fraxinus rhynchophylla community was chiefly distributed in the vicinity of the ravines. Quereus rariabilis community was distributed at subxeric slope on southeast side of the mountain. Larix leptolepis has been reforested at the ecotone between Artemisio-Quercetum mongolicae and Lychno-Quercetum mongolicae. Percentage cover degrees of the subtree layer In Lychno-Quercetum mongolicae, Quereus rariabilis community and Larix leptolepis afforestation were relatively low, 15.3%, 5% and 2.5%, respectively.The contents of moisutre and organic matter in the soil were much higher in Luchno-Quercetum monogolicae and Larix leptolepis afforestaion than in the other communities. Contents o Ca, Mg, K and the available phosphorus were relaively high compared with forests of the other area. This result seems to be influenced by a forest fire. As the altitude increases, the moisure content in the forest soil also increases.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.201-212
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• 2023

Parasenecio pentaphylla, a new species of the genus Parasenecio from Mt. Ilwol-san, Ilwol-myeon, Yeongyang-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, is described and illustrated here. In Korea, this species has been recognized as P. adenostyloides, known to be a Japanese endemic species. However, it is clearly distinguished from P. adenostyloides by its involucre shape, the number of phyllaries, the number of florets per capitulum, and the ratio of the tube length to the throat length. A molecular phylogenetic analysis using the Internal Transcribed Spacer region also clearly indicated that P. pentaphyllaria was genetically distinct from P. adenostyloides. Therefore, it is recognized as an independent species, different from P. adenostyloides. The specific epithet "pentaphyllaria" was given based on its characteristic of having five phyllaries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.43-62
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to offer the raw data for management and conservation of Korean ecosystem by surveying the present conditions and characteristics of flora to select the ecological and landscape conservation area, Ilwolsan(Mt.), Korea. The numbers of flora in Mt. Ilwol were summarized as 582 taxa including 94 families, 307 genera, 508 species, 4 subspecies, 61 varieties and 9 formas. The rare plants were 15 taxa including Clematis koreana, Aristolochia contorta, Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana, Iris odaesanensis and so forth. The Korean endemic plants were 14 taxa including Pseudostellaria coreana, Philadelphus schrenckii, Galium koreanum, Weigela subsessilis and so forth. The specific plants by floristic region were 29 taxa including Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Parasenecio firmus, Sorbaria sorbifolia var. stellipila, Acer mandshuricum, Syringa reticulata var. mandshurica and so forth. The naturalized plants were 22 taxa including Fallopia dumetorum, Rumex nipponicus, Trifolium repens, Sonchus asper, Phleum pratense and so forth. A set of important area is rare plant, Korean endemic plant, specific plant emerge a lot of areas.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.132-140
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• 2006

Forest vegetation classification and species composition of Mt. Ilwol, Yeongyang-Gun, Korea, were studied combining the Braun-Blanquet approach with numerical syntaxonomical analyses (TWINSPAN). Vegetation types and various ecological characteristics such as flora, constancy classes, species ratio of life-form, species diversity and importance value were analyzed. Sixty-eight samples were taken from a $100m^2$ square plot each. Forest communities were identified as two great types: arid landform of mountainside (AM) and humid fertility of piedmont and valley (HP). The former was divided into 3 communities (Rhododendron mucronulatum, Quercus variabilis, Hosta capitat community) and 2groups, and the latter into 3 communities (Tilia amurensis, Vitis coignetiae, Philadelphus schrenckii community) and 2 groups. Vegetation was classified into 8 units. Floristically, the most represented family was Compositae with 26 species. Species with percentage constance degree of more than 61% was Quercus mongolica (72.1%, IV); Carex siderosticat (III) and Fraxinus rhynchophylla (III) were 50.0 and 41.1%, respectively. Life-forms species ratios for trees, subtrees, shrub, vines, grominoids, forbs and ferns were 18.5, 5.7, 14.9, 6.6, 8.8, 42.4 and 3.1%, respectively, PH type showed from $1.70{\pm}0.50\;to\;1.97{\pm}0.57$ and AM type was from $1.40{\pm}0.18\;to\;1.62{\pm}0.20$ in species diversity; therefore, the former type showed higher species diversity than the latter, According to importance value analysis, Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica and Q. variabilis were higher in the tree layer, Q. mongolica in the subtree layer, Fraxinus sieboldiana, R. schlippenbachii, etc. in the shrub layer and Carex siderosticta, Carex humilis, etc. in the herb layer.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.137-148
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the weather, soil characteristics, and location environment of Pimpinella brachycarpa natural habitats in order to gather the essential information for the conservation of these habitats. P. brachycarpa are distributed throughout Korea and are mainly found to grow in shady and humid areas between 500 and 1,200 m above sea level. The average annual temperature in Mt. Duta was 13.1℃, and the average annual precipitation in Mt. Jungwon was 1,509 mm, which was higher than in other regions. The pH ranged from 4.42 to 4.97, indicating slight acidity. The total N content ranged from 0.18% to 0.68%, and the available P ranged from 13.43 to 531.56 mg/kg, demonstrating notable regional variations. The species diversity index (H') was highest at Mt. Ilwol, measuring 1.713. The evenness (J') ranged from 0.983 to 0.993, and the dominance (D') ranged from 0.007 to 0.017. The similarity index was very low, averaging 24.86%, and it was divided into communities of Wilson's elm (Ulmus davidiana var. japonica) and communities of Korean maple (Acer pseudo-siebodianum).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.565-588
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• 2019

This study aimed to understand current flora of Western Civilian Control Zone (CCZ) in Korea. Some areas that located at Paju-si and Yeoncheon-gun were selected as representative survey area (Jangdan-myeon, Deokjin mountain fortress, Ilwol peak of Mt. Seokbyeong, Imjinriver, Sunaecheon stream, Sewolcheon stream in Paju and Banjeong-ri in Yeoncheon). Through this survey, 461 vascular plant specimens were collected from April 2012 to September 2014, twice a month and from October 2014 to October 2018, once a month. These were finally classified into 96 families 305 genera 413 species 4 subspecies 41 varieties 6 forms totally 464 taxa. There are remarkable plants such as 6 taxa of Korean endemic species, 44 taxa of specified species on a floristics aspect, and 35 taxa of alien and naturalized plants (7.5%). Meanwhile, it has not been observed any endangered plant species during the activities in this area.