• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2012

현재 한국에서 소비되는 치즈는 수입 의존도가 높은 편이며, Mozzarella 치즈의 경우 10% 미만이 한국에서 제조되나, 가격 경쟁력에서 수입제품에 비해 크게 불리한 입장이다. 무엇보다 높은 원유가격과 Mozzarella 치즈의 급격한 소비 증가는 적당한 공급가를 일정하게 공급하기에 많은 어려움이 있는 실정이다 따라서 대두단백을 이용한 Mozzarella cheese analogue 제품 제조가 요구되어 다양하게 생산 및 제조되고 있다. 대두단백은 유제품성분의 한정적인 공급과 caseinate의 높은 가격 때문에 Mozzarealla cheese analogue 제조에 많이 사용되고 있다. Casein-based Mozzarella cheese analogue보다 soy-based Mozzarella cheese analogue가 오랜 기간 동안의 안정성과 실질적인 가격우위는 높은 경쟁 잠재력이 있다. 또한 Mozzarella cheese analogue는 저수분 Mozzarealla 치즈처럼 풍미의 문제점은 없지만, 몸체가 용해될 때 신축이 잘 되지 않고, 과도한 caseinate, 대두단백 특유의 콩비린내(beany flavor), 이상한 풍미, 갈변화 등의 문제 등이 존재하는 것이 사실이지만, 대두를 이용한 다양한 cheese analogue는 기존의 자연치즈에 비하여 가격이 저렴할 뿐만 아니라, 소비자의 다양한 수요 요구를 충족할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 더 나아가서 콩의 부가가치 향상과 국민영양 개선의 측면에서도 효과가 많은 것으로 사료된다. 무엇보다 cheese analogue의 제조는 수입 억제 효과와 수출 증진 효과에도 크게 기여할 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 cheese analogue 제조에 많은 관심과 지속적인 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2013

The study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of Mozzarella cheese analogue generation by using a mixture of soy milk and raw milk and to compare the quality of the resultant cheese with that of Mozzarella cheese manufactured using the traditional method. The mixtures showed increase in protein and decrease in lactose and SNF in a dose-dependent manner with the addition of soy milk. The Mozzarella cheese analogue had lower total solids content than the control cheese product, while the fat content was similar between both. The analogue cheese had lower ash content than the traditionally prepared cheese; the content was proportional to the amount of soy milk in the mixture. Higher soy milk quantities within mixtures also resulted in proportionally higher levels of fat content within analogue cheese. Water-soluble nitrogen content was lower in the analogue cheese than in the control cheese. While the WSN level increased in the control cheese, it was almost constant in the analogue cheese. The control cheese had much higher actual and predicted yield than the analogue cheese, while the analogue cheese had a higher stability level. The control cheese had a higher transfer rate than the analogue cheese, with the exception of lactose. Electrophoresis analysis showed bands for Mozzarella cheese analogues that were present in addition to the normal ${\alpha}$-casein and ${\beta}$-casein bands. Physical characteristic analysis showed that hardness was affected by the addition of soy milk to cheese, while cohesiveness and brittleness were affected by the addition of raw milk, and elasticity was barely affected by milk composition. The meltability of the control cheese was higher than that of the analogue cheese and increased during 30 days of storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Browning, oiling-off, and stretching characteristics were almost identical between the 2 types of cheeses. Sensory evaluation findings showed that the control cheese had much better body texture, appearance, and flavor than the analogue cheese.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to improve the production of Mozzarella cheese analogues manufactured using mixtures of soy milk and concentrated raw milk by performing ultrafiltration (UF) and to assess the quality of these cheeses during a 30-day storage period at $4^{\circ}C$, relative to that of Mozzarella cheese manufactured with the traditional method. The solid consistency of Mozzarella cheese analogue prepared from milk mixtures was lower than that of cheese manufactured from raw milk or soy milk and increased during storage, which is considered to be the result of decreasing water levels, as well as with increasing soy milk concentrations. In the Mozzarella cheese analogue generated using the milk mixtures, the fat content decreased with increase in the soy milk concentration, while it decreased during the storage period. Lactose levels were lowest in cheese composed of soy milk or raw milk and processed by UF, and decreased during storage in cheese produced using milk mixtures. In milk mixtures containing soy milk, the protein concentration increased with increasing amounts of raw milk and did not change during the storage period. The water-soluble nitrogen compound level was similar between cheeses and increased only slightly during storage. The amount of non-protein nitrogen compounds was higher in the cheese analogue than in the control cheese and tended to increase during storage. Analysis of the physicochemical traits of the Mozzarella cheese analogue yielded the following results: During storage, titratable acidity levels increased while pH tended to decrease. After analysis using electropherograms, it was classified as ${\alpha}$-, ${\beta}$-, or ${\kappa}$-casein. The results of rheometry tests showed that in the Mozzarella cheese analogue prepared from milk mixtures, with raw milk concentrated by UF, increases in concentration rate lead to lowered hardness, elasticity, cohesiveness, and brittleness. When cheese was produced from milk mixtures and concentrated by UF, meltability increased as the concentration rate increased, although to an extent that was less than that observed for the control cheese, and tended to increase during storage. Sensory evaluation showed that the analogue cheese was much better than the control cheese in terms of formation, appearance, and flavor.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop Mozzarella cheese analogues by using dairy products in the form of WPC 34, WPC 80, whey protein, demineralized whey powder, and lactose powder along with soy milk. Soy milk was separately blended with 5% WPC 34 (A), WPC 80 (B), DWP (C), WP (D), and LP (E) and also with 10% WPC 34 (F), WPC 80 (G), DWP (H), WP (I), and LP (J). Blending of soy milk and whey products showed that increase in the proportions of whey products (WPC 34, WPC 80, DWP, WP, and LP) led to increase in the protein, lactose, and SNF levels of the admixture. A decrease in fat content was observed for all cheeses prepared from mixtures, relative to those for the control cheese. The nitrogen content within analogue samples was higher than that in the control cheese and increased with increase in the proportions of whey products within soy milk. Higher water soluble nitrogen levels were observed in cheese prepared from whey-product-blended soy milk than in the control cheese. The non-protein nitrogen level within the control Mozzarella cheese was significantly lower than that in the Mozzarella analogues, and, in the case of cheese analogues, it increased with increase in the proportion of whey products in soy milk. With regard to the physicochemical and sensory qualities of the Mozzarella cheese analogues and control cheese, the pH of all analogue samples, with the exception of the cheese prepared from group G, was lower than that of the control Mozzarella cheese. Rheological studies showed that the hardness of Mozzarella cheese analogues was lower than that of the control Mozzarella, while the elasticity, cohesiveness, and brittleness of the analogues was higher. The control sample had a higher meltability level than any of the Mozzarella analogues. Mozzarella cheese prepared with the traditional method had higher browning and stretching levels than all the cheese analogues, but a lower oiling-off level.