• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to identify whether the physical therapists perceive the important factors influencing the motor development in children with cerebral palsy differently. Methods: Study participants included 58 pediatric physical therapists. They were recruited from the internet communities for physical therapists. The data was collected through a web-based questionnaire using Google Documents tool. Questionnaire was focused on the importance (10-point scale) of each factor influencing the motor development in children with cerebral palsy. The mean scale of each factor was compared by itself and according to the participants' career characteristics. Results: The personality characteristics received the least importance rating (6.77) in comparison with other domains (healthcare service: 7.70, family ecology: 7.53, secondary impairment: 7.53, primary impairment: 7.45). In the detailed items, home exercise (8.33) received the highest mean importance rating, while sociability (6.03) received the lowest mean importance rating. Comparing the importance of factors by the type of work institution, subjects working in the welfare institutions perceived the contextual factors (personality characteristics, family ecology, healthcare service) as more important than those working in the medical institutions. Conclusion: The authorsuggests that pediatric physical therapists should try to have an identical approach by reaching a consensus. Also, the support for family-centered service to children with cerebral palsy should be strengthened.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2022

Objectives: Comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT) is effective in children with chronic tic disorders. This study aimed to assess the effect of group-based CBIT (group-CBIT) on tic severity and comorbid symptoms. We compared the efficacy of group CBIT with that of a control. Methods: Thirty children with chronic tic disorder or Tourette's disorder were enrolled in this study. Eighteen were assigned to the group-CBIT for eight sessions, and 12 were assigned to the control group. Tics and comorbid symptoms were assessed pre- and post-intervention using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Rating Scale-IV, Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, and the Korean-Children Behavioral Checklist. We compared the pre- and post-intervention results of each group and determined the difference in the pre- and post-intervention results between intervention and the control group. Results: The YGTSS motor and vocal tic interference, global impairment, and global severity scores decreased in the intervention group only. Group CBIT was superior in reducing the motor tic interference, impairment score, and global severity score to the control group. Conclusion: The group-CBIT showed an improvement in tic symptoms, especially in reducing the level of interference and impairment of tics.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.146-152
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• 1995

To achieve a better understanding of the effects on behavioral safety caused by possible neuroprotective doses (50 mg/kg, p.o.) of dextromethorphan HBr (DM), several motor activity measures were monitored in two generations of mice through a long-term period of ten months. Adult male mice (G1), in the presence of DM, developed behavioral tolerance after an initial suppression period. Prenatally exposed, second generation (G2) mice formed two groups, prenatal exposure alone (G2C) and prenatally exposed with additional postnatal exposure (G2T). In the presence of DM, group G2T was characterized by significant behavioral impairment; while G2C exhibited behavioral activation. These results suggest that more attention should be given to the prenatal effects of DM on a developing organism.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2023

Parkinson's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra, resulting in a variety of motor and non-motor symptoms. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of Parkinson's disease, including classification of Parkinson's disease, impairment due to impairment, how disability is assessed, and how it is treated. Major symptoms of Parkinson's disease include tremors, stiffness, bradykinesia, and postural instability, and treatment methods include rehabilitation through drugs, surgical procedures, physical therapy, and occupational therapy. Early diagnosis, individualized treatment interventions, and comprehensive treatment involving a multidisciplinary medical team will be essential to manage Parkinson's disease and improve patients' quality of life. In conclusion, this study will provide comprehensive information on the complex nature of Parkinson's disease and serve as a useful guide for healthcare providers designing treatment plans for Parkinson's patients.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2008

Cerebrovascular disease causes various symptoms like hemiparalysis, facial palsy, dysphagia, dysphasia etc. Although patients take lots of time to treatment, there are many cases symptoms could not be cured completely and patients could get sequelae. Jihwangeumja(dihuangyinzi) is used the cerebrovascular disease with dysphasia and motor impairment of the lower extremities due to weakness of kidney. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Jihwangeumja on lower extremity weakness caught by cerebrovascular disease. In this study, we administered Jihwangeumja to two stroke patients with lower extremity weakness and analyzed the clinical progresses. As a result of the treatment, patients showed improved symptoms.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2019

Purpose: Cognitive function is a main concern for rehabilitation progression in individuals who have sustained brain damage, even among those whose motor function has returned after brain damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate how cognitive impairment relates to functional independence in postural stability and gait performance in patients with chronic hemiparetic stroke. Methods: This was an observational design in an outpatient rehabilitation hospital. Twenty-eight adults with chronic hemiparetic stroke, receiving a course in an outpatient rehabilitation program, participated in this study. They were divided into two groups (i.e., non-cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment groups) via a cut-off score of 23 or less on a mini-mental state examination. Functional independence was assessed with the timed up-and-go test (TUG), 10-meter walk test (10mWT), five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST), Berg balance scale (BBS), and modified Barthel index (MBI). The independent t-test was used for statistical analysis when comparing the two groups. Results: The cognitive impairment group had less functional independence, balance, and gait performance than those of the non-cognitive impairment group had. The former also showed a statistically significant decrease in their TUG score, FTSST score, BBS score, and MBI score compared to the latter, but not in their 10mWT score (p<0.05). Although the non-cognitive impairment group walked faster than the cognitive impairment group did, that difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that cognitive impairment relates to functional independence in postural stability and the activities of daily living. In rehabilitation settings, cognitive impairment would be considered a major component in therapeutic rehabilitation to overcome the patients difficult physical problems and to treat for improving functional independence more after stroke.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2017

뇌성마비 환자들은 식이자세와 잇솔질에 대해 스스로 행동할 수 없기 때문에 의과적 치과적인 문제에 더 취약할 수 밖에 없다. 낮은 사회경제적 지위와 심각한 운동장애를 가진 뇌성마비 환자들은 특히 치과치료에서 소외되기 쉽다. 의과적 치료와 함께 구강관리는 뇌성마비 환자들의 삶의 질에 매우 중요한 관련이 있다. 그러므로, 장애인들의 삶의 질을 향상시키고 의료혜택으로부터 소외되지 않도록 정기적인 검진과 예방치료를 받기 위해서는 국가차원에서 공공의료서비스 및 시스템이 필요하다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권7호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2021

Here we describe the neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (birth weight ≤1,500 g) at 3 years of age in the Neonatal Research Network of Japan (NRNJ) database in the past decade and review the methodological issues identified in follow-up studies. The follow-up protocol for children at 3 years of chronological age in the NRNJ consists of physical and comprehensive neurodevelopmental assessments in each participating center. Neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI)-moderate to severe neurological disability-is defined as cerebral palsy (CP) with a Gross Motor Function Classification System score ≥2, visual impairment such as uni- or bilateral blindness, hearing impairment requiring hearing amplification, or cognitive impairment with a developmental quotient (DQ) of Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development score <70 or judgment as delayed by pediatricians. We used death or NDI as an unfavorable outcome in all study subjects and NDI in survivors using number of assessed infants as the denominator. Follow-up data were collected from 49% of survivors in the database. Infants with follow-up data had lower birth weights and were of younger gestational age than those without follow-up data. Mortality rates of 40,728 VLBW infants born between 2003 and 2012 were 8.2% before discharge and 0.7% after discharge. The impairment rates in the assessed infants were 7.1% for CP, 1.8% for blindness, 0.9% for hearing impairment, 15.9% for a DQ <70, and 19.1% for NDI. The mortality or NDI rate in all study subjects, including infants without follow-up data, was 17.4%, while that in the subjects with outcome data was 32.5%. The NRNJ follow-up study results suggested that children born with a VLBW remained at high risk of NDI in early childhood. It is important to establish a network follow-up protocol and complete assessments with fewer dropouts to enable clarification of the outcomes of registered infants.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.37-54
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• 2022

Objectives This review investigates the effectiveness of electroacupuncture for impairment of motor and sensory functions after spinal cord injury. Methods The databases used for the search were PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), National Digital Science Library (NDSL), Koreanstudies Information Service System (KISS), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), KMBASE, and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS). The literature were searched using a total of 9 domestic and foreign databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using electroacupuncture as an intervention was selected. The selected studies are analyzed the risk of bias through Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and meta-analysis was perfomed using RevMan version 5.3 (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). Results A total of 14 RCT studies were selected through 9 domestic and foreign databases, and analyzed. As a result of meta-analysis, when electroacupuncture was performed together with rehabilitation treatment or western drug treatment, it was effective in the recovery of motor and sensory functions of spinal cord injury patients. Conclusions This review suggests that electroacupuncture can be applied as an effective treatment for the recovery of motor and sensory functions of spinal cord injuries. However, there are several limitations, including the small number and heterogeneity of the included studies, as well as their poor methodological quality. Therefore, further, higher-quality studies should be required.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to evaluate the motor recovery in 4 chronic hemiparetic patients with Fugl-Meyer (FM) and EMG characteristics before and after the training program. The training was performed at 1hr/day, 5days/week during 6 weeks in 4 chronic stroke patients. Electromyographic activities of the affected hand were recorded during isometric wrist flexion/ extension movements. In all patients, FM was significantly improved after the 6-week training. Onset/offset delay of muscle contraction significantly decreased in the affected wrist after the training. The co-contraction ratio of flexor/extensor muscles decreased significantly. Also, onset/offset delay of muscle contraction and co-contraction ratio correlates significantly with upper limb motor impairment and motor recovery. This EMG technique allows an objective evaluation of changes in muscle activity in post-stroke patients, providing easily measurable, quantitative indices of muscle characteristics.