• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.281-288
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• 1999

Helicobacter species have been identified in or isolated from domestic carnivores, but their prevalence in different population of animals and their clinical significance are still unknown. This study was peformed to evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter in clinically healthy dogs by urease test, culture, morphological examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Tissue samples from 70 dogs in Kangwon and Kyunggi areas from August 1998 to April, 1999, were examined. The detection rates of Helicobacter by urease activity of tissue-samples were 84.6%, 61.3% and 4.8 % in the fundus, the antrum and the duodenum, respectively. One strain of Helicobacter was isolated from the duodenum. It was identified as H canis by biochemical and morphorogical examination. The detection rates of Helicobacter by histological examination were 92.3%, 79.0% and 4.8% in the fundus, antrum and the duodenum, respectively. Helicobacter organisms were colonized more in the gastric pits than in the surface of epithelium, the gastric gland or the parietal cell. Although most of dogs were colonized with Helicobacter in tissue, gross lesions and specific histopathological lesions caused by Helicobacter in these tissues were not observed. The detection rate of Helicobacter by PCR was 78.6%. The histological examination was more sensitive than urease test, culture or PCR technique for the detection of Helicobacter.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.25-31
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• 2008

Objectives : In order to distinguish morphological characteristics of trunk bark and root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Rehder) Nakai and the trunk bark and root bark of Hemiptelea davidii Planchon were sampled and compared in terms of their external and internal features with flour states according to their medical use, through microscopic examination. Methods : The slice of the tested material made by paraffin section technique was colored with Safranine Malachite Green contrast methods, and the flour of it was mounted by the liquid made by the same ratio of each of glycerin, acetic acid, and water, and then observed and photographed by olymphus-BHT. Results : 1. Internal Features 1) A large parenchymatous cell was observed in the phloem of the slice of both trunk bark and root bark of Ulmi Cortex, However, both of the trunk bark and root bark of Hemipteleae Cortex did not have parenchymatous cell in the phloem; instead, stone cells including much square crystal of calcium oxalate were distributed around fiber bundle, and the parenchymatous cell included much druse crystal of calcium oxalate. 2) In both the Ulmi Cortex and Hemipteleae Cortex, rhytidome was observed in trunk bark, but not in root bark, but in the parenchymatous cell of the root bark of the Ulmi Cortex contained starch grain. 2. Flour States 1) In the flour of root bark of the Ulmi Cortex, a large parenchymatous cell was observed. However, in the flour of trunk bark and root bark of Hemipteleae Cortex, no parenchymatous eel was found; instead, stone cell including square crystal of calcium oxalate and druse crystal of calcium oxalate were observed. 2) There was no remarkable difference between the trunk bark and root bark of Hemipteleae Cortex. However, starch grain was contained in the parenchymatous cell of the root bark of Ulmi Cortex but not in the trunk bark of it. Conclusions : There were some morphological differences in external, internal, and flour parts of Ulmi Cortex and Hemipteleae Cortex. In particular, there was a morphological difference in flour states between the trunk bark and root bark of Ulmi Cortex, it is possible to use microscope to distinguish their flour states.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.133.2-134
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• 2003

Cedar-apple rust fungi had been collected at 36 sites throughout the country from 1984 to 2001 and deposited at the Herbarium of Korea Forest Research Institute (HKFRI). We conducted the morphological examination on the dried specimens by light and scanning electron microscopy and as results six Gymnosporangium species were identified. Three species, G. asiaticum, G. clavaritforme and G. yamadae, were previously described in Korea, while the other three species, G. cornutum, G. globosum, and G. japonicum were new to Korea. Here we present the detailed morphological descriptions, distribution, host ranges and keys to species in both aecial and telial stages of each species. Some morphological characteristics related with telial formation on trees were newly identified; witches brooms for G. asiaticum, small galls for G. yamadae and telial formations on trunk for G. japonicun Geographically G. asiaticum and G. yamadae distributed widely throughout Korea, while the others were collected only at the limited locations. Eight Juniperus species as telial hosts and fifteen Rosaceous plants as aecial hosts were confirmed to be new in Korea.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 1979

This is one case report of the extremely rare congenital cardiac malformation, Double-outlet of left ventricle in corrected transposition of great arteries. 11-year-old boy complained acrocyanosis and exertional dyspnea, the parents noticed cyanosis since birth. Physical examination revealed acrocyanosis, clubbed fingers and toes, G-III pansystolic murmur on 2nd and 3rd ICS, LSB. Right heart catheterization revealed significant $O_2$ jump in ventricular level. Right and left ventriculography showed the both catheters arriving in the same ventricle i.e. anterior chamber, morphological left ventricle was in right and anterior position, simultaneous visualization of aorta and pulmonary artery and aorta locating anterior and right side of pulmonary artery. Echo cardiogram surely disclosed interventricular septum. Conclusively it was clarified that the patient has Double-outlet of left ventricle and corrected transposition of great arteries [S.L.D.]. Operation was performed to correct the anomalies under extracorporeal circulation with intermittent moderate hypothermia. Right-sided ventriculotomy disclosed the following findings. 1. Right-sided ventricle was morphological left ventricle. 2. Left-sided ventricle was morphological right ventricle. 3. Right side atrioventricular valve was bicuspid. 4. Left side atrioventricular valve was tricuspid. 5. Aortic valve was superior, anterior and right side of pulmonary valve. 6. Subpulmonary membranous stenosis. 7. Non-committed ventricular septal defect. We made a tunnel between VSD and aorta with Teflon patch so that arterial blood comes through VSD and the tunnel into aorta. After correction the patient needed assisted circulation for 135 min. to have adequate blood pressure. Postoperatively by any means, adequate blood pressure could not be maintained and expired in the evening of operation day.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.102-118
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• 1999

In this study, the author developed a new animal model to examine morphological changes and functional recoveries after vertical hemilaryngeal transplantation in the canine. Seven vertical hemilaryngeal transplantations were carried out in the canine. After preparing the host dog removing right sided hemilarynx, hemilarynx of the donor dog was transplanted by hooking up the arteries, veins, nerves and hypopharyngeal mucosa. Especially, recurrent laryngeal nerve was anastomosed at the branch level(anterior and posterior) respectively. After 7 days, for the first evaluation of the transplantation, four out of seven dogs were considered successful. Three dogs survived more than one month, which is the critical period to evaluate the functional recovery after transplantations. After EMG examination, two dogs(#3, #5 dog) showed some functional recoveries. The five-transplanted hemilarynges were sectioned at the arytenoid cartilage region to examine the morphological changes. The results showed that the transplanted hemilarynx appeared normal as control in #5 dog. In addition, #2 dog showed fairly good condition even though died from asphyxia after 9 days out of transplantation. The other. three dogs(#3, #6, #7) showed various levels of atrophy and disappearance of the muscles and cartilages in their larynges. It can be suggested that this model could contribute an advance to preparing human laryngeal transplantation in the future.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.417-423
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• 2009

The effects of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH) addition on polypropylene (PP) and poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) blends were studied. Blends of PP/ABS (70/30, wt%) with PP-g-MAH were prepared by a twin-screw extruder. From the results of mechanical testing, the impact, tensile and flexural strengths of the blends were maximized at a PP-g-MAH content 3 phr. The increased mechanical strength of the blends with the PP-g-MAH addition was attributed to the compatibilizing effect of the PP and ABS blends. In the morphological studies, the droplet size of ABS was minimized (6.6 ${\mu}m$) at a PP-g-MAH content of 3 phr. From the rheological examination, the complex viscosity was maximized at a PP-g-MAH content of 3 phr. These mechanical, morphological and rheological results indicated that the compatibility of the PP/ABS (70/30) blends is increased with PP-g-MAH addition to an optimum blend at a PP-g-MAH content of 3 phr.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.125-130
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• 2014

This study used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the micro-morphological features of two formaldehyde to urea (F/U) mole ratio liquid urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins with three hardener levels as a function of the curing time. The micro-morphological features of the liquid UF resins were characterized after different curing times. As a result, the TEM examination revealed the presence of globular/nodular structures in both liquid UF resins, while spherical particles were only visible in the low F/U mole ratio resins. The high F/U mole ratio liquid UF resins also showed extensive particle coalescence after adding the hardener, along with the appearance of complex filamentous networks. When the resins were cured with a higher amount of hardener and longer curing time, the spherical particles disappeared. For the low mole UF resins, the particles tended to coalesce with a higher amount of hardener and longer curing time, although discrete spherical particles were still observed in some regions. This is the first report on the distinct features of the crystal structures in low F/U mole ratio UF resins cured with 5% hardener and after 0.5 h of curing time. In conclusion, the present results indicate that the crystal structures of low F/U mole ratio UF resins are formed during the curing process.

• ALGAE
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.15-32
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• 2022

Inspecting herbaria collections of Laurencia rigida highlighted frequent misidentifications between L. rigida and L. heteroclada f. decussata, two poorly studied taxa from Australia. Recent collections of DNA material, including from topotype material, allowed for re-examination of these two taxa using molecular techniques. Detailed morphological and molecular analyses based on two markers (rbcL and COI-5P) strongly supported these two taxa as being distinct from each other and requiring nomenclatural changes. Comprehensive morphological analyses highlighted features useful for accurate identifications. Interestingly, L. rigida was found to belong to the genus Palisada with evidence from both the morphology and molecular data. Therefore, this study proposed recognizing L. rigida as Palisada rigida comb. nov. Molecular data for L. heteroclada f. decussata on the other hand supported its separation from L. heteroclada, with too great a molecular distance to be considered a variety. Morphological characters that best separated P. rigida from L. decussata included seven characters; number of pericentral cells per vegetative axial segment, the presence of secondary pit connections, the presence of lenticular thickenings, tetrasporangia alignment, the presence of corps en cerise, holdfast morphology, and overall plant shape. Morphologically, L. heteroclada f. decussata was also separated from L. heteroclada, particularly by the following characteristics; ultimate branchlets morphologies, lower order branch lengths, primary axis and holdfast morphologies. Therefore, it was proposed that L. heteroclada f. decussata is recognized at a species level as L. decussata comb. et stat. nov.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.99-113
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• 2023

The nudibranch is one of the most colorful gastropod species found in oceans worldwide. Unlike many other gastropod groups, the nudibranch loses an external shell in the adult stage, but instead develops various chemical defense systems. More than 2,500 nudibranch species have been reported worldwide, and 73 species are currently recorded in Korean waters. In this study, we present morphological descriptions, DNA barcode information of mtDNA cox1 sequence, and taxonomic review for five nudibranch species: Apata pricei (MacFarland, 1966), Doto rosacea Baba, 1949, Janolus toyamensis Baba and Abe, 1970, Polycera abei (Baba, 1960), and Trinchesia sibogae (Bergh, 1905). Of these, we also provide in-depth discussion of taxonomic issue of A. pricei that was previously subdivided into two subspecies, A. pricei pricei and A. pricei komandorica. Our morphological examination and molecular analyses of the mtDNA cox1 sequences indicate that these two subspecies are not taxonomically warranted. The phylogenetic information for the other nudibranch species from mtDNA cox1 sequence analysis is also included, providing a molecular basis for species identification and inferring their local phylogenies within each of the species groups discussed herein.

• ALGAE
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.221-227
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• 2011

There are three carpet-like Codium species with a broadly expanded thallus reported from Korea and Japan: C. latum Suringar, C. tapetum Y. Lee, and C. tenuifolium Shimada, Tadano and J. Tanaka. During surveys of green algal diversity, we encountered a Codium species with carpet-like thalli from several sites on Jeju Island. To confirm the taxonomic identity of these specimens, we studied the morphological features and obtained rbcL gene sequences. The morphological and sequence data indicated that the carpet-like Codium specimens from Jeju are C. tenuifolium from Japan, but distant from Japanese C. latum. We propose that the carpet-like specimens from Jeju should be renamed C. tenuifolium, instead of C. tapetum or C. latum. C. tenuifolium is characterized by a tenuous, carpet-like and erect thallus with a very short and slightly compressed stipe arising from a discal holdfast, sub-pyriform and clavate utricles with a tumid and swollen apical head, and globular or sub-globular gametangia issued at the basal portion of the utricles.