• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.371-377
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• 2014

In this study, the hydrodynamic characteristics of various types of jack-up legs for a wind turbine installation vessel were analyzed. Using the modified Morison equation, the wave and current excitation forces on the jack-up legs were calculated. A modal analysis was performed to predict the dynamic responses for various types of jack-up legs. The Newmark-beta time integration scheme was used to solve the equation of motion in waves in the time domain. The maximum displacement and maximum bending stress were computed for four different types of legs, and their results were compared to select an optimum leg type. Finally, a six-leg jack-up rig with the selected optimal legs was modeled, and its natural period and hydrodynamic behaviors were evaluated.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.630-644
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• 2016

We conducted a comprehensive review on artificial reefs (ARs) including seaweed reefs for marine afforestation in relation to their development and research from 1972 to 2016, and then systematically analyzed their current a state-of-the-art and practice. From the review, the followings conclusions are made. First, the objectives of AR projects in the Southeast Asia can be classified into three, i.e. protection and increase of fishery resources, local community's profits, and ecological tourism. Second, fish gathering effects by ARs can be determined in terms of wake region or wake length that tends to increase with the K-C (Keulegan-Carpenter) number. Third, ARs are desirable to deploy across a direction of the main flow but it is essential to keep the deployment interval two to four times the length of a single reef. Fourth, stability of ARs depends on how to evaluate drag coefficient, and Morison formula turns out to be practical. Fifth, local scours of ARs are likely to occur due to a downward flow around the center of the front surface. Finally, it is natural for ARs to positively contribute to the marine ecosystem but it is imperative to develop an evaluation method for the effects of ARs on the marine ecosystem.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 1999

In the previous $paper^{(1),(2)}$, a geometrically non-linear finite element formulation of spatial cables subjected to self-weights and support motions was presented using multiple noded cable elements and how to determine the initial equililbrium state of cables was addressed. In this paper, in order to perform dynamic non-linear analysis of ocean cables subjected to support motions and earthquakes, a numerical method to calculate Morison forces and incorporate effects of earthquake motions is presented based on the Newmark method. Challenging example problems are presented in order to investigate dynamic non-linear behaviors of ocean cables subjected to support motions and earthquake loadings.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.247-268
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• 2012

A finite element model is developed for dynamic response prediction of floating offshore wind turbine systems considering coupling of wind turbine, floater and mooring system. The model employs Morison's equation with Srinivasan's model for hydrodynamic force and a non-hydrostatic model for restoring force. It is observed that for estimation of restoring force of a small floater, simple hydrostatic model underestimates the heave response after the resonance peak, while non-hydrostatic model shows good agreement with experiment. The developed model is used to discuss influence of heave plates and modeling of mooring system on floater response. Heave plates are found to influence heave response by shifting the resonance peak to longer period, while response after resonance is unaffected. The applicability of simplified linear modeling of mooring system is investigated using nonlinear model for Catenary and Tension Legged mooring. The linear model is found to provide good agreement with nonlinear model for Tension Leg mooring while it overestimates the surge response for Catenary mooring system. Floater response characteristics under different wave directions for the two types of mooring system are similar in all six modes but heave, pitch and roll amplitudes is negligible in tension leg due to high restraint. The reduced amplitude shall lead to reduction in wind turbine loads.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 1999

The Morison's formula has been commonly used in the determination of wave forces of sinusoidal waves acting on coastal or ocean structures of pile-supported type. In the case that plunging breakers are incident, the structures are subjected to impulsive breaking wave forces which are normally much larger than the Morison's. However, the impulsive breaking wave forces act in a very short time, and hence a dynamic structural analysis should be done to determine whether or not to include the forces in the design force items. In the present study, numerical methods for calculating the dynamic response of a vertically located cylindrical pile are developed. Static and dynamic displacements are then compared through several example analyses varying the structural properties of pile.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.117-119
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• 1995

입사파의 파장에 비교하여 그 대표 길이가 작은 소형 구조물에 작용하는 파력을 산정하는 경우에는 통상적으로 Morison식이 이용되고 있다. 원주나 판 등의 단순한 구조물에 관한 Morison식 중 유체력 계수(관성력 및 항력계수)에 관해서는 이미 많은 연구가 나와 있어 이들에 작용하는 파력을 고정도로 추정하는 것이 가능하다. 한편 이들 중에는 어초의 경우에서와 같이, 단순한 부재가 여러개로 조합되어 복잡한 구조물을 형성하고 있는 경우를 많이 볼 수 있다. (중략)

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.125-138
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• 1996

This paper deals with the application of certain active and passive control mechanisms to control the dynamic response of a steel jacket platform due to wave-induced forces. The forces are estimated using the nonlinear Morison equation which provides nonlinear self-excited hydrodynamic forces. The influence of these forces on the response of a structure without and with vibration control mechanisms is demonstrated using a steel jacket platform as a simple example.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
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• 1993.07a
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• pp.63-71
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• 1993

해양구조물의 주부재인 원형파일 및 실린더부재에 미치는 파력은 일반적으로 Morison식(1)으로 알려진 반경험식으로부터 구하고 있다. Morison식에서의 파력계수의 결정을 위해 주로 원형단면을 가진 실린더부재에 관한 연구가 수행되어 왔다(2, 3). 연구결과 제안된 파력계수 값들은 실험조건과 유해의 유동속도를 결정하는데 이용된 파랑이론의 차이, 계수들의 결정방법의 차이때문에 서로 상당히 다른 값들을 보이고 있다. (중략)

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.274-282
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• 2014

Time series of the dynamic response of a slender marine structure was predicted using quadratic Volterra series. The wave-structure interaction system was identified using the NARX(Nonlinear Autoregressive with Exogenous Input) technique, and the network parameters were determined through the supervised training with the prepared datasets. The dataset used for the network training was obtained by carrying out the nonlinear finite element analysis on the freely standing riser under random ocean waves of white noise. The nonlinearities involved in the analysis were both large deformation of the structure under consideration and the quadratic term of relative velocity between the water particle and structure in Morison formula. The linear and quadratic frequency response functions of the given system were extracted using the multi-tone harmonic probing method and the time series of response of the structure was predicted using the quadratic Volterra series. In order to check the applicability of the method, the response of structure under the realistic ocean wave environment with given significant wave height and modal period was predicted and compared with the nonlinear time domain simulation results. It turned out that the predicted time series of the response of structure with quadratic Volterra series successfully captures the slowly varying response with reasonably good accuracy. It is expected that the method can be used in predicting the response of the slender offshore structure exposed to the Morison type load without relying on the computationally expensive time domain analysis, especially for the screening purpose.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.95-104
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• 1998

The dynamic behavior of the marine cable is essentially nonlinear and dominated by geometric nonlinearity. Furthermore, fluid drag force makes the problem more complex and difficult. Therefore, it has certain limitations to obtain the dynamic behavior of the marine cable by analytical method. The purpose of this paper is to apply the elastic catenary cable element to the problem of under water cable including the hydrodynamic effects of fluids. The static and dynamic formulations for the three-dimensional elastic catenary coble under water effects are derived and the finite element analysis procedures are presented. In the analysis, the hydrodynamic forces are modeled by modified Morison equation. A comparison of the results obtained using present method with previously published results showed the validity of present method. The dynamic behavior of the marine cable subjected to current is investigated using present method and it can be illustrated that the dynamic behavior of the marine cable subjected to current varies with the incident angle of the current and inclined angle of the cable.