• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2005

The larvae of Palaemon gravieri were reared in the laboratory at three different temperature regimes ($15^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C,\;and\;25^{\circ}C$) with the salinity ranges (28-32 psu) to understand how temperature and body size influence survival rate, and growth components (molt increment and intermolt period). The optimum temperature for the highest survival rate was $25^{\circ}C$. The intermolt periods consistently increased with an increase in size and instar number; however, the molt increments at successive instars generally decreased with an increase in size and instar number. The shortest intermolt period and the highest larval growth rate both occurred at $25^{\circ}C$. Thus, the optimum temperature for larval survival and growth rate was found to be $25^{\circ}C$ which was the temperature at which the larvae actually appear in nature.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 1997

This study has been conducted to investigate the molting behavior and the effects of rearing temperature and day length on molting in the behavior and the effects of rearing temperature and day length on molting in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii reared in the laboratory. The results obtained were summarized as follow: 1. After pre-spawning molting, the protopodites of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th except 5th pleopod bore new breeding setae which conserve eggs in the brooding chamber and the basis of 3rd, 4th, and 5th pereiopods bore new breeding dresses which transport the ovulated eggs into the brooding chamber. 2. Adult females reared in 27.5-$29.4^{\circ}C$ molted 10-12 times per year at interval of 27-35 days, of which four or six moltings were common molting for growth and another four or five moltings were pre-spawning molting for spwaning and brooding. In winter season, pre-spawning molting did not happen to most of adult females in spite of the same temperature. 3. Duration of intermolt cycle was 31-38 days and 26-30 days at 25.3- $26.5^{\circ}C$ and 28.7- $30.4^{\circ}C$ of rearing temperature, respectively.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.308-314
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• 2010

Larvae of Palaemon serrifer were reared in the laboratory under three different temperature regimes ($15^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$) to study the effects of rearing temperature on larval survival and growth, as well as other traits such as embryo volume, number of embryos (fecundity), incubation period, development. Mode and development period. Growth pattern was analyzed by measuring the molt increment and intermolt period. The intermolt period consistently increased with size and instar number and was shortest at $25^{\circ}C$. However, molt increments generally decreased with instar number. Number of embryos varied from 552 to 1355. The relationship between the number of embryos and carapace length was expressed by the equation (fecundity) y=2.7744x+0.208 ($R^2$=0.7961). Egg volume was a primary factor affecting other life-history traits. Egg volume was $0.078\;m^3$, which is relatively small thus embryos exhibited a relatively short incubation period and a comparatively short development period, and the nutritional mode was planktotrophic. Brood production was followed by a fast parturitional pattern. Most ovigerous females had mature ovaries when the parturial molt occurred soon after eclosion.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2004

The effects of temperature on the growth of larvae of wrinkled swimming crab (Liocarcinus corrugatus) under controlled laboratory conditions of 15, 20 and $24^{\circ}C$ were investigated (33.5 psu: 12L: 12B). Each specimen was maintained individually, the instar size was determined from exuvia, and the survival and intermolt period of each instar were recorded. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the survival rates at 15, 20, and $24^{\circ}C.$ Comparison of survival over the first 27 days between the three temperature regimes showed significant differences (P<0.001). The intermolt period increased with the instar number, and was greatly extended at the lowest temperature. The molt increment varied little with temperature, and had a mean value of $21.35\%$ over the whole study. Temperature had little effect on survival and molt increment.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2001

사출성형공정에서 미성형은 가장 빈번하게 발생하는 성형불량중의 하나이다. 이러한 미성형을 해결하기 위해 가상 경제적인 효율적인 방법은 공정조건을 개선하는 일이다. 그러나 대부분의 경우 사출 전문가의 오랜 기간 축적된 경험과 지식에 의존하기 때문에 여러 번의 시행착오을 겪어야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 퍼지 알고리즘을 기반으로 하여 시스템에 적합한 공정조건을 찾는데 있어 시행착오를 줄이고, 또한 비전문가도 쉽게 적용학 수 있는 지능형 공정조건 생성 시스템을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2002

Proviral DNAs from HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cells (Molt/LAV cells) were amplified and detected in infected individual cells using polymerase chain reaction and in rifu hybridization. In this in situ PCR, three parameters were considered to achieve effective amplification and retention of amplificants inside the cells by making high molecular weight PCR products intracellularly, forming agarose matrix against the cells, and maintaining the appropriate PCR temperature profile. Over the cycles of ampliHcationl tailed primers with complementary overhanging sequences at their 5' sides manufactured high molecular weight products by using short primary products as a repeating unit. Agarose matrix could prevent the diffusion of the amplificants from the cells. Use of Thermanox coverslip inside the PCR tube offered target cells a similar temperature profile to that of conventional PCR in solution.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2003

사출성형에서 성형품의 수축현상은 사출온도, 사출압력, 금형온도와 같은 성형공정에 따라 다르게 나타나며 게이트의 크기 등과 같은 금형설계에 따라서도 다르게 나타난다. 또한 수지의 결정화 유무에 따라 다르게 나타나고 있다. 본 연구에서는 여러가지 공정변수와 수지 특성에 따른 성형 수축률을 결정성수지인 poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)와 비결정성 수지인 polycarbonate (PC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)를 사용하여 연구하였다. 결정성 수지가 비결정성 수지에 비해 약 3배 정도의 큰 수축률을 보였다. 사출 성형품의 성형 수축은 사출온도와 금형온도가 높을수록 그리고 사출압력이 작을수록 수축률은 커지는 경향을 보였다. 게이트의 크기가 커질수록 캐비티내의 압력전달이 원활하여 성형수축률은 작아 졌다. 또한 수지의 흐름방향과 흐름직각방향의 수축률 실험에서는 흐름방향의 수축이 더 작은 경향을 보였다. 게이트와의 거리에 따른 성형수축률은 게이트에서 가까운쪽의 수축이 먼쪽보다 더 큰 수축을 보였는데 이 현상은 잔류응력의 차이로 인하여 나타난 현상으로 해석된다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2006년도 춘계학술논문 발표대회 제6권1호
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• pp.39-42
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• 2006

Recently, more highly effective construction materials are needed for the reasonable and economical structure system is required as the construction structures become more multi storied, large-sized and diversified. That is to say, the highly qualified concrete, the molt universal construction material is positively promoted as a part of plan to establish the effective space according to the dead load of structures and diminish of segment profile and to build up the economic structures. In particular, it is tendency of that the study for high strength concrete increases and construction example of reinforced concrete (RC) using the high strength concrete partially increases. However, the high strength concrete has the problems such high brittleness and low ductility. Specially, for the high strength concrete, it has different strength from normal concrete as the internal temperature goes up steadily due to high heat of hydration by the quantities of highly level of cement, so the concrete which is mixed with various scible materials is used. This study conducted a basic experiment to conclude an adequate selection of materials and to calculate an optimal mixing proportion of those materials to produce High-strength concrete. And also we conducted an experiment to find out basic properties of this concrete such as slump-flow, strength.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.93-108
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• 1990

범게, Orithyia sinica(Linnaeus)의 유생을 Zoea 1기에서부터 Crab 13기까지 사육하여 생잔율, 탈피간격기간, 성장을 기별로 측정 연구한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 탈피간격기간은 령기에 따라 증가하나 Crab 5기에서부터 성특징이 나타나는 시기전인 Crab 7기까지 감소하였다가, 성특징이 나타나는 시기 이후부터 급격히 증가한다. 수온에 따른 탈피간격기 간의 변화 양상은 유사하나 실온의 경우 변동의 폭이 컸다. 2. 유생의 생잔율은 Megalopa기까지 $20^{\circ}C$구간에서 사육한 것이 $86.6\%$, 실온에서 사육한 것이 $80.0\%$였다. Crab의 생잔율은 $20^{\circ}C$의 경우 Crab 13기까지 부화후 약 540일간 사육한 것이 $45\%$, 실온의 경우($11.0\~27.7^{\circ}C$) Crab 12기까지 부화후 약 540일간 사육한 것이 $10\%$였다. 생잔율의 성별 차는 없었 다. 3. 유생기의 크기는 사육온도구간별 크기가 있어 실온 구간($21.0\~24.0^{\circ}C$)에서 사육한 Zoea 2, 3기유생은 $20^{\circ}C$구간에서 사육한 유생들 보다 $0.62\~4.03\%$ 작았다. 4. Crab의 갑폭, 체중은 사육 온도구간에 차가없이 1기에서 10기까지 동일하게 증가하고 11기부터는 $20^{\circ}C$에서 사육한 Crab들의 크기가 커지는 경향을 보인다. 체중의 증가 양상은 제9기에서 성장이 감소되었다가 10기에서부터 다시 증가한다. 5. 갑장으로 측정한 성장율은 Zoea 1, 2기에서 각각 $35.65\%,\;41.41\%$였으며 Zoea 2기의 성장률이 높았다. 6. 령기에 따른 성자율 값의 변화는 령기의 중가에 따라 감소 경향이 있으나 증감변동이 일정하지 않고 Crab 5기까지 감소하다가 Crab 6기 이후 약간 증가하였다가 Crab 10기 이후 다시 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 7. Crab $1\~13$기까지의 평균 성장율은 갑장의 경우 $23.87\%$($18.00\~30.91\%$), 갑폭 $23.99\%$($17.82\~30.48\%$), 체중 $91.51\%$($58.86\~129.14\%$)이였으며 성장율은 사육 온도구간별 차는 없었다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004년도 학술논문집
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• pp.285-291
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• 2004

LiCl-$Li_2O-O_2$ 용융염계에서 용융염 취급장치의 구조재료를 위한 평가의 일환으로 Inconel 718, X-750, Haynes 75, 263 합금의 부식거동을 분위기온도; $650^{\circ}C$, 부식시간: 24~168h, $Li_2O$농도; 3wt%, 혼합가스농도; Ar-10%$O_2$에서 조사하였다. LiCl-$Li_2O-O_2$ 용융염계에서 부식속도는 Haynes 263 ＜ Haynes 75 ＜ Inconel X-750 ＜ Inconel 718 순서로 나타났으며, Haynes 263 합금이 가장 우수한 내부식성을 나타내었다. Haynes 75의 부식생성물은 $Cr_2O_4$, $NiFe_2O_4$, $LiNiO_2$, $Li_2NiFe_2O_4$, Inconel 718의 부식생성물은 $Cr_2O_4$ 및 $NiFe_2O_4$ 이며 Haynes 263은 $Li(Ni,Co)O_2$, $NiCr_2O_4$ 및 $LiTiO_2$, Inconel X-750은 $Cr_2O_3$, $NiFe_2O_4$,$FeNi_3$, (Al,Nb,Ti)$O_2$의 부식생성물을 나타내었다. Haynes 263은 국부부식의 거동을 보이는 반면, Haynes 75, Inconel 718 및 Inconel X-750은 전면 부식 거동을 나타내었다.