• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.604-609
• /
• 2003

칼슘용액에 쌀을 침지하여 침지용액의 온도(20, 30, 40, 50, $60^{\circ}C,\;X_1$), 침지용액의 칼슘 농도(0, 250, 500, 750, 1000 mg/L, $X_2$) 및 침지시간(5, 10, 15, 20, 25 min, $X_3$)에 따른 칼슘의 이행정도와 이들 변수들의 상관관계를 검토하기 위하여 침지 한 후 쌀의 수분 흡수율, 경도 및 칼슘함량을 분석하고 각 조건별 상관관계를 검토하였다. 수분 흡수율은 침지용액의 온도와 침지시간을 증가시킴에 따라 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 상호작용 및 이차항 효과도 5% 이내의 유의성이 있었다. 수분 흡수율$(Y_1)$에 대한 각종 변수들 간에는 $Y=16.14+0.78X_1+1.24X_3-0.23X_1{^2}+0.14X_2{^2}-0.42X_3X_1-0.38X_3{^2}(R^2=0.9123)$의 관계가 성립되었다. 경도는 침지시간 및 침지용액의 온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다(p<0.01). 침지 쌀의 칼슘함량은 침지용액의 온도, 침지용액의 칼슘 농도, 침지 시간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 침지시간과 침지용액의 칼슘 농도 사이에 높은 상호작용 효과(p<0.01)가 관찰되었다. 칼슘함량$(Y_3)$에 대한 각종 변수들 간에는 $Y_3=470.80+110.87X_1 +123.47X_2+52.29X_3-7.42X_1{^2}-14.87X_2{^2}-9.49X_3X_2-20.57X_3{^2}(R^2=0.9840)$의 관계가 성립되었다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 성인의 경우 일반 쌀 대신 칼슘을 600 mg/kg 정도, 어린이 및 청소년은 $700{\sim}900\;mg/kg$ 정도의 농도로 강화시킨 쌀 400 g을 하루에 섭취한다면 별도의 칼슘강화제 없이도 권장 섭취량 이상의 칼슘을 섭취할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제38권12호
• /
• pp.1760-1766
• /
• 2009

찹쌀가루, 쌀가루, 탈지콩가루 및 소금을 첨가하여 수분함량 16-18%, screw 속도 300 및 400 rpm, feed rate 43.4kg/hr 조건에서 extruder로 제조한 유과바탕의 특성은 다음과 같았다. 길이, 직경 및 비용적은 extruder에서 공급되는 수분함량이 낮을수록 크게 나타났다. 유과바탕의 색도 중 L값은 수분함량이 많을수록 높은 반면, a값 및 b값은 낮게 나타났다. 유과바탕의 수분흡착지수는 수분 함량이 많을수록 유의적으로 증가되었다. 유과바탕의 x-ray 회절도는 수분함량 16% 및 17%에서는 B도형을 나타냈으며, 수분함량 18%에서는 A도형을 나타냈다. 상대적 결정화도와 breaking strength는 수분함량 16%에서 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 17%, 18%에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. TPA에서 hardness는 수분함량 16% 및 17%, screw 속도 400 rpm에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 유과바탕의 단면을 40배로 확대하여 관찰한 유과바탕은 수분함량이 증가할수록 기공의 크기가 컸고 세포벽은 두꺼웠다. 유과바탕의 관능검사 결과 수분함량에 따른 색과 향미에 대한 기호도는 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 맛, 외관, 입안에서의 느낌 및 전체적인 선호도는 수분함량이 낮을수록 기호도는 높게 나타났다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to develop multifunctional fabric that has improved antimicrobial activity and reduction rate of gas by treatment of mixture of chito colla and crosslinking material for polyester. The surface morphology of treated PET fabric was studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The properties of the PET fabric, such as antimicrobial activity, whiteness, moisture regain, water absorption and static voltage, and handle were investigated. Antimicrobial activity of treated PET fabric was proved 99%. The surface of treated PET fabric showed harshness and irregularity. The whiteness of treated PET fabric on the baking condition was decreased as time and temperature was increased. The moisure regain of treated PET fabric equally was maintained. Water absorption and static voltage of treated PET fabric were improved. KOSHI of treated PET fabric was increased compared with the untreated PET fabric H/W of treated PET fabric was improved compared with the untreated PET fabric and 2HB/B of treated PET fabric were reduced.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.297-301
• /
• 2003

농산물의 저온저장 및 고습조건에서 안전하게 유통할 수 있는 골판지 포장상자를 개발하기 위하여 원지의 구성, 라이너의 발수도, 골형태의 차이에 따라 수분흡습 특성과 압축강도와의 관계를 구명하기 위해 각각 원지특성을 달리하여 이중 양면 골판지를 재료로 사용하여 시험하였다. 온도변화에 따른 골판지 함수율 변화는 골판지 원지 종류, 발수도 차이등에 관계없이 거의 일정한 값을 나타냈다. 상대습도 변화에 따른 골판지의 함수율 변화는 상대습도에 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며 골판지의 수분흡습은 발수도 보다는 원지에 구성에 따라 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수직압축강도는 상대습도가 증가함에 따라 크게 감소하여 상대습도가 수직압축강도에 미치는 영향이 매우 크며 상대습도가 증가함에 따른 수직압축강도의 저하비율은 골판지의 종류에 관계없이 거의 같은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 저온고습 조건에서 안전하게 내용물을 보호할 수 있는 저온유통용 농산물 골판지 상자의 개선을 위해서는 고품질 원지의 생산기술 개발 및 골판지 상자의 구조개선 연구가 우선되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Composites Research
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.328-333
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 유리섬유/폴리프로필렌 복합재료 고정판을 인조골에 체결하여 실제 골절치료 시술 상황을 모사하였으며, 고정판의 적합성을 판단하기 위하여 수분 흡수율, 스크류의 체결 상태, 하중 조건의 변화에 따른 피로 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 결과 0~12주 동안 수분 흡수가 이루어진 모든 시편에서 기대 수명인 65만 사이클을 넘는 100만 사이클 이상의 피로 수명을 가짐을 확인하였다. 스크류 체결 상태는 골절부의 변형률 차이에 주목할만한 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 본 논문에서는 유리섬유/폴리프로필렌 복합재료 고정판을 다양한 환경조건 하에서 압축-압축 피로실험을 수행하여 기계적 우수성을 입증하였으며, 이 결과는 향후 금속 고정판을 복합재료 고정판으로 대체하기 위한 관련 연구에 유용한 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제47권5호
• /
• pp.112-119
• /
• 2015

The pulp mold attract the increasing concern as recyclable, biodegradable, and eco-friendly packaging materials. In order to broaden the applicability of the pulp mold as substitutes of the expanded styrofoam, the properties of various raw materials for the pulp mold were evaluated and the way for improving water resistance properties of the pulp mold were also tested by applying some additives. The higher value in the fines contents and in the water retention value were shown for the TMP (thermomechanical pulp), which resulted in the bulkier pulp mold with the higher moisture absorption property. In case of water resistance properties, the pulp mold made of white ledger stock showed the higher value in water contact angle and very slow water absorption rate. The addition of oil palm EFB fiber showed the improvement in the water resistance of the pulp mold made of UBKP. The effects of various additives on the improvement in the water resistance properties of the pulp mold were tested by using AKD, PVAm, epoxy resin. The application of AKD leaded to the higher increase in the water resistance. The results in this study showed the effects of AKD for the pulp mold could be improved and optimized by the application with fixing agent and by the ageing treatment after production.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.560-567
• /
• 2017

In this study, we investigated the quality characteristics and optimum conditions of porridge containing rice incubated with Phellinus linteus mycelium (PLMR). Composition measurements of PLMR were moisture 13.05%, ash 0.88%, carbohydrate 78.65%, crude protein 6.29%, and crude lipid 1.13%, also glutinous rice composition was moisture 13.99%, ash 0.32%, carbohydrate 77.18%, crude protein 7.85%, and crude lipid 0.66%. The water absorption rate of PLMR increased with increasing soaking time during 6 hours. However, the water absorption rate of glutinous rice increased until 30 minutes of soaking time. The pH of porridge was decreased as PLMR contents increased. The viscosity of porridge was increased as PLMR contents increased, and it was the lowest for the control at 914.77 cP. However, spreadability of porridge was decreased as PLMR contents increased. In terms of color, lightness was the highest for the 50% level, redness was the highest for the 75% level, and yellowness was the highest for the 25% level. In terms of textural characteristics, hardness and fracturability were increased as PLMR contents increased, whereas springiness, cohesiveness and resilience showed reverse results. In terms of consumer acceptance, flavor, appearance, viscosity, delicate taste, and overall acceptability were not significantly different between samples. Hot taste was decreased as PLMR contents increased, whereas grittiness showed reverse results. In conclusion, the results indicate that adding 25~50% PLMR to porridge is optimal for a recipe.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.43-49
• /
• 1998

The availability of large quantities of waste woods provides an impetus for investigating woody biomass potential uses. Polyurethane (PU) foams are prepared with reacting isocyanates and polyols, and are used. in various industry fields. Thus, lignocellulosic waste raw-materials are proposed as replacement for synthetic polyol to PU foam formulation. In this study PU foams were manufactured from liquefied woods, methanediisocyanate(MDI), catalyst, foaming stabilizer, and viscosity aids. The polyol content, isocyanate.hydroxyl group (NCO/OH) ratio, and water content were varied to evaluate their effects on the foaming and water absorption of the PU foams. Less than 400 Molecular weight. of polyethylene glycol(PEG) and 1 to 3 solvent to woody raw-material ratio were desirable for liquefying woody materials. Liquefying rate was increased with more than 3 % addition of inorganic and organic catalysts and raising reaction temperature more than $150^{\circ}C$. Addition of starch enhanced liquefying of woody materials. Fourty percents of starch resulted in about 90% liquefying rates. Foaming rates were increased with increasing moisture contents of liquefied wood. Moisture contents of 0.6% resulted in 5 time-foaming rates, and seven percents of moisture contents more than 30 time-foaming rates. But, an increase in water content may result in a decrease in cross-links between wood polyol and isocyanate, because the NCO/OH ratio is constant. Increasing moisture contents have significantly decreased density of PU foams. The optimum water content should be about 2.5% or less in this adopted condition.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.114-123
• /
• 2017

This study added black lentil ethanol extract to Yakgwa at ratios of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%, and its quality characteristics were compared to those of the synthetic antioxidant BHT added to Yakgwa. Yakgwa with black lentil extract had lower moisture content than Yakgwa with BHT (3.98%) but higher content than the control group (5.72%). Higher black lentil extract resulted in less moisture content (p<0.001) as well as a faster expansion rate and oil absorption rate (p<0.001). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that as black lentil extract content increased, pores merged and collapsed, whereas the number of pores decreased and pore size became larger. For chromaticity, all L, a, and b values of the group containing black lentil extract were higher compared to the control group and group with BHT (p<0.001). For texture, as amount of added black lentil extract increased, hardness (p<0.001) and gumminess (p<0.01) increased while cohesiveness (p<0.01) decreased compared to the control group. For sensory characteristics, Yakgwa with 1.0% black lentil extract showed the best preference for all items except for off-flavor. Thus, 1.0% black lentil added to Yakgwa was the best in terms of functionality including preference.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.207-208
• /
• 2022

Since 1960, the green area has decreased due to rapid urbanization and the artificial surface has increased, and the repair and water function of the previous surface has decreased due to the decrease in rainwater absorption capacity. In addition, the risk of carbon dioxide and fine dust is emerging due to the use of fossil fuels due to urbanization. As a result, permeable blocks, an eco-friendly product, are in the spotlight. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the strength properties of the permeable block using a hydroball. As a result of the experiment, the flexural strength and compressive strength tended to decrease as the hydroball replacement rate increased. It is judged that the hydroball absorbs a large amount of moisture during the mixing process and lacks moisture required for curing, resulting in a decrease in strength. According to KS F 4419, since the hydroball replacement rate is satisfied up to 20%, further research is needed to analyze the adsorption performance of air pollutants in the future and evaluate their utilization as a permeable block in the future.