• Title/Summary/Keyword: Module degree

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The study of the status of teaching and learning and needs assessment for 'The basis of the Invention Patent' subjects ('발명.특허 기초' 과목의 교수.학습 방법 실태 및 요구 조사 연구)

  • Lee, Chan Joo;Lee, Byung Wook;Kang, Kyoung Kyoon;Im, Yoo Hwa
    • 대한공업교육학회지
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.105-124
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    • 2013
  • This study aims to analyze the teaching and learning methods realities and needs in the subjects 'The basis of the Invention Patent'. To this end, research and analysis of the subjects 'The basis of the Invention Patent' the teacher and take advantage of their current teaching and learning methods, 'The basis of the Invention Patent' subject teachers to recognize the most desirable teaching and learning methods, subjects 'The basis of the Invention Patent' of teaching and learning and the operating requirements of the difficult matters. Survey of 48 schools across the country in high school teachers to teach the subjects 'The basis of the Invention Patent' was conducted, the results of this study are as follows. First, a high percentage of theoretical learning activities, teaching methods, such as 'lectures' and take advantage of the higher percentage. Module was to conduct classes such as 'project', 'lab experiments', 'discussion', 'investigation' by taking advantage of the high proportion of practice learning activities. Second, Higher requirements for the experience and practice of student-centered 'lab experiments', 'project', 'Case Studies', 'field trips' and theory-driven rather than 'lectures'. Third, 'The basis of the Invention Patent' subjects 'Teaching and learning important when operating requirements for the degree' as a whole was highly recognized. in particular, operating requirements for teaching and learning in accordance with the former college of education of education than non-group differences were higher overall response. Fourth, 'The basis of the Invention Patent' subjects 'Teaching and learning difficult when operating your degree' as a whole was highly recognized. In particular, was recognized by difficult questions, such as lack of preparation classes due to excessive work, educational facilities and equipment shortage, lack of prior knowledge about the subject, individual differences of the students considering the difficulties, student's

HW/SW Partitioning Techniques for Multi-Mode Multi-Task Embedded Applications (멀티모드 멀티태스크 임베디드 어플리케이션을 위한 HW/SW 분할 기법)

  • Kim, Young-Jun;Kim, Tae-Whan
    • Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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    • v.34 no.8
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    • pp.337-347
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    • 2007
  • An embedded system is called a multi-mode embedded system if it performs multiple applications by dynamically reconfiguring the system functionality. Further, the embedded system is called a multi-mode multi-task embedded system if it additionally supports multiple tasks to be executed in a mode. In this Paper, we address a HW/SW partitioning problem, that is, HW/SW partitioning of multi-mode multi-task embedded applications with timing constraints of tasks. The objective of the optimization problem is to find a minimal total system cost of allocation/mapping of processing resources to functional modules in tasks together with a schedule that satisfies the timing constraints. The key success of solving the problem is closely related to the degree of the amount of utilization of the potential parallelism among the executions of modules. However, due to an inherently excessively large search space of the parallelism, and to make the task of schedulabilty analysis easy, the prior HW/SW partitioning methods have not been able to fully exploit the potential parallel execution of modules. To overcome the limitation, we propose a set of comprehensive HW/SW partitioning techniques which solve the three subproblems of the partitioning problem simultaneously: (1) allocation of processing resources, (2) mapping the processing resources to the modules in tasks, and (3) determining an execution schedule of modules. Specifically, based on a precise measurement on the parallel execution and schedulability of modules, we develop a stepwise refinement partitioning technique for single-mode multi-task applications. The proposed techniques is then extended to solve the HW/SW partitioning problem of multi-mode multi-task applications. From experiments with a set of real-life applications, it is shown that the proposed techniques are able to reduce the implementation cost by 19.0% and 17.0% for single- and multi-mode multi-task applications over that by the conventional method, respectively.

Analysis of Landscape Structure Change for Riparian Buffer Zone KyangAn Watershed (경안천 유역 수변구역 경관구조 변화 분석)

  • Kim, Kyung-Tak;Kim, Joo-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.74-83
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    • 2005
  • The Riparian Buffer Zone has many potential values including the preservation of water quality as well as being ecologically friendly. This study aims to quantitatively analyze the landscape structure index of the Riparian Buffer Zone in the Kyoung-an stream and to produce base information necessary for proper management. The study used aerial images that were applied to geometric corrections for a time series from 1966 to 2000 for land data and also used FRAGSTATS, which is a type of ARCVIEW extension module, as an analysis tool. An analysis of land use change and the Landscape Index revealed that the area of farm land has decreased and that the area of residential property has increased. In addition, there was a slight change for land used for purposes other than farming or for residence. The results of analyzing the Landscape Structure Index, revealed that the NP has increased from 437 in 1966 to 695 in 2000. This data reveals that the change of land use is influenced by various artificial factors. The NPS, which represents the declining degree of patch, decreased from 9.441 to 5.934, revealing that the change of land use has been progressing considerably. In regard to forest areas, land use reduced somewhat but did not indicate a significant change. Therefore, an analysis of the total index reveals that the edge of patch has become more complicated and that the variation index of patch has increased significantly. However, this study reveals that barriers to block pollution have weakened as a result and that there is a need to concentrate on the implementation and the management of the Riparian Buffer Zone. Consequently, this study reveals that substantial research is necessary in order to carry out the proper management of the Riparian Buffer Zone, especially in light of the distribution type of each patch and the change in conditions regarding them.

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Modeling and Validation of Population Dynamics of the American Serpentine Leafminer (Liriomyza trifolii) Using Leaf Surface Temperatures of Greenhouses Cherry Tomatoes (방울토마토에서 잎 표면온도를 적용한 아메리카잎굴파리(Liriomyza trifolii) 개체군 밀도변동 모형작성 및 평가)

  • Park, Jung-Joon;Mo, Hyoung-Ho;Lee, Doo-Hyung;Shin, Key-Il;Cho, Ki-Jong
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.51 no.3
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    • pp.235-243
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    • 2012
  • Population dynamics of the American serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), were observed and modeled in order to compare the effects of air and tomato leaf temperatures inside a greenhouse using DYMEX model builder and simulator (pre-programed module based simulation programs developed by CSIRO, Australia). The DYMEX model simulator consisted of a series of modules with the parameters of temperature dependent development and oviposition models of L. trifolii were incorporated from pre-published data. Leaf surface temperatures of cherry tomato leaves (cv. 'Koko') were monitored according to three tomato plant positions (top, > 1.8 m above the ground level; middle, 0.9 - 1.2 m; bottom, 0.3 - 0.5 m) using an infrared temperature gun. Air temperature was monitored at the same three positions using a self-contained temperature logger. Data sets for the observed air temperature and average leaf surface temperatures were collected (top and bottom surfaces), and incorporated into the DYMEX simulator in order to compare the effects of air and leaf surface temperature on the population dynamics of L. trifolii. The initial population consisted of 50 eggs, which were laid by five female L. trifolii in early June. The number of L. trifolii larvae was counted by visual inspection of the tomato plants in order to verify the performance of DYMEX simulation. The egg, pupa, and adult stage of L. trifolii could not be counted due to its infeasible of visual inspection. A significant positive correlation between the observed and the predicted numbers of larvae was found when the leaf surface temperatures were incorporated into the DYMEX simulation (r = 0.97, p < 0.01), but no significant positive correlation was observed with air temperatures(r = 0.40, p = 0.18). This study demonstrated that the population dynamics of L. trifolii was affected greatly by the leaf temperatures, though to little discernible degree by the air temperatures, and thus the leaf surface temperature should be for a consideration in the management of L. trifolii within cherry tomato greenhouses.

A Methodology for Automatic Multi-Categorization of Single-Categorized Documents (단일 카테고리 문서의 다중 카테고리 자동확장 방법론)

  • Hong, Jin-Sung;Kim, Namgyu;Lee, Sangwon
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.77-92
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    • 2014
  • Recently, numerous documents including unstructured data and text have been created due to the rapid increase in the usage of social media and the Internet. Each document is usually provided with a specific category for the convenience of the users. In the past, the categorization was performed manually. However, in the case of manual categorization, not only can the accuracy of the categorization be not guaranteed but the categorization also requires a large amount of time and huge costs. Many studies have been conducted towards the automatic creation of categories to solve the limitations of manual categorization. Unfortunately, most of these methods cannot be applied to categorizing complex documents with multiple topics because the methods work by assuming that one document can be categorized into one category only. In order to overcome this limitation, some studies have attempted to categorize each document into multiple categories. However, they are also limited in that their learning process involves training using a multi-categorized document set. These methods therefore cannot be applied to multi-categorization of most documents unless multi-categorized training sets are provided. To overcome the limitation of the requirement of a multi-categorized training set by traditional multi-categorization algorithms, we propose a new methodology that can extend a category of a single-categorized document to multiple categorizes by analyzing relationships among categories, topics, and documents. First, we attempt to find the relationship between documents and topics by using the result of topic analysis for single-categorized documents. Second, we construct a correspondence table between topics and categories by investigating the relationship between them. Finally, we calculate the matching scores for each document to multiple categories. The results imply that a document can be classified into a certain category if and only if the matching score is higher than the predefined threshold. For example, we can classify a certain document into three categories that have larger matching scores than the predefined threshold. The main contribution of our study is that our methodology can improve the applicability of traditional multi-category classifiers by generating multi-categorized documents from single-categorized documents. Additionally, we propose a module for verifying the accuracy of the proposed methodology. For performance evaluation, we performed intensive experiments with news articles. News articles are clearly categorized based on the theme, whereas the use of vulgar language and slang is smaller than other usual text document. We collected news articles from July 2012 to June 2013. The articles exhibit large variations in terms of the number of types of categories. This is because readers have different levels of interest in each category. Additionally, the result is also attributed to the differences in the frequency of the events in each category. In order to minimize the distortion of the result from the number of articles in different categories, we extracted 3,000 articles equally from each of the eight categories. Therefore, the total number of articles used in our experiments was 24,000. The eight categories were "IT Science," "Economy," "Society," "Life and Culture," "World," "Sports," "Entertainment," and "Politics." By using the news articles that we collected, we calculated the document/category correspondence scores by utilizing topic/category and document/topics correspondence scores. The document/category correspondence score can be said to indicate the degree of correspondence of each document to a certain category. As a result, we could present two additional categories for each of the 23,089 documents. Precision, recall, and F-score were revealed to be 0.605, 0.629, and 0.617 respectively when only the top 1 predicted category was evaluated, whereas they were revealed to be 0.838, 0.290, and 0.431 when the top 1 - 3 predicted categories were considered. It was very interesting to find a large variation between the scores of the eight categories on precision, recall, and F-score.