• ETRI Journal
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.800-806
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• 2012

Transmission performances of direct detection-based 100-Gb/s modulation formats are investigated and compared for metro area optical networks. The effects of optical signal-to-noise ratio sensitivity, chromatic dispersion, cross-channel nonlinearity, and transmission distance on the performance of differential 8-ary phase-shift keying (D8PSK), differential phase-shift keying plus three-level amplitude-shift keying (DPSK+3ASK), and dual-carrier differential quaternary phase-shift keying (DC-DQPSK) are evaluated. The performance of coherent dual-polarization quadrature phase-shift keying (DP-QPSK) with block phase estimation and coherent DP-QPSK with digital differential detection are also presented for reference. According to our analysis, all three direct detection modulation formats could transmit a 100-Gb/s signal over several hundred kilometers of a single-mode fiber link. The results also show that DC-DQPSK outperforms D8PSK and DPSK+3ASK, and the performance of DC-DQPSK is comparable to that of coherent DP-QPSK with digital differential detection. The maximum transmission distance of DC-DQPSK is over 1,000 km, which is enough distance for metro applications.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.12C no.1 s.97
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• pp.63-68
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• 2005

In this paper, performance of a maximum-likelihood modulation classification for quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is studied. Unlike previous works, the relative classification performance with respect to the available modulations and performance limit with single-sample observation are presented. For those purposes, all constellations are set to have the same minimum Euclidean distance between symbols so that a smaller constellation is a subset of the larger ones. And only one sample of received waveform is used for multiple hypothesis test. As a result, classification performance is improved with increase in signal-to-noise ratio in all the experiments. Especially, when the true modulation format used in the transmitter is 4 QAM, almost perfect classification can be achieved without any additional information or observation samples. Though the possibility of false classification due to the symbols shared by subset constellations always exists, correct classification ratio of $80{\%}$ can be obtained with the single-sample observation when the true modulation formats are 16 and 64 QAM.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2005

The transmission performance of optical labeling based on a combined frequency shift keying/amplitude shift keying (FSK/ASK) format is studied by numerical simulation. The simulation demonstrates that the bit-error ratio (BER) characteristic of an ASK signal is limited by the extinction ratio, received optical power, and dispersion, simultaneously. However, an FSK signal is mainly limited by the extinction ratio (ER) and received optical power when the peak spectrum, which is used to detect the FSK signal, is relatively narrow.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.615-620
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• 2006

In this paper, we discuss the quantification of Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) thermal stabilization which is needed in optical phase shaped binary transmission (PSBT) links. Considering the thermo-optic and thermal expansion effects, we revisit the analytical expression for the thermal drift (GHz/$^{\circ}C$) of the MZI center frequency (denoted here by the 'MZI spectral drift'). An MZI is then used in an experimental transmission system using the optical PSBT format. We study the effect of spectral MZI drift by using a thermally stabilized interferometer and applying a frequency shift to the optical carrier. By using the thermal drift coefficient of the MZI, we find that to ensure low bit error rate fluctuations due to the MZI drift, the thermal stabilization of the device must have an accuracy of $0.5^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.162-167
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• 2004

In this paper, optimal position of optical phase conjugator(OPC) for best compensating distorted WDM channels due to both chromatic dispersion and self phase modulation(SPM) is numerically investigated, and the compensation characteristics of overall WDM channels at this position is investigated, comparing with that in case of OPC placed at mid-way of total transmission length. It is confirmed that the compensation extents in WDM system with OPC is more improved by the shifting OPC position from the mid-way of total transmission length. And, we confirmed that the optimal position of OPC must be selected to the position decreasing not only eye opening penalty(EOP) of overall WDM channels but also EOP deviation between WDM channels, and this OPC position should be altered as various system parameters such as modulation format, and fiber dispersion, etc. Using proposed configuration, it is possible to remove all in-line dispersion compensator, reducing span losses and system costs.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2005

In this paper, the optimal position of optical phase conjugator(OPC) excellently compensating distorted WDM channels with initial frequency chirp due to both chromatic dispersion and self phase modulation(SPM) is numerically investigated. Highly-nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber(HNL-DSF) is used as a nonlinear medium of OPC in order to widely compensate WDM signal band. It is confirmed that if the OPC position was shifted from mid-way of total transmission length dependence on the initial frequency chirp as well as modulation format and fiber dispersion coefficient, it is possible to cancel the performance degradation owing to the initial frequency chirp. Using proposed configuration, it is possible to remove all in-line dispersion compensator, reducing span losses and system costs in the long-haul broadband WDM systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.536-538
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• 2011

Net residual dispersion (NRD) available to transmit 160 Gbps OPDM signal is induced in optical transmission links with dispersion management (DM) and optical phase conjugator (OPC) for compensating of chromatic dispersion and self phase modulation (SPM). It is confirmed that the perfect cancellation of accumulated dispersion is necessary to transmit 160 Gbps OTDM signal.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2019

We propose a novel method to design a dispersion map for a WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) ring network with the capability of wavelength reconfiguration. The method is simple, but gives us an optimum set of DCMs (Dispersion Compensation Modules) which satisfies a given value of the tolerable residual dispersion. The proposed method does not depend on compensation method, fiber type, or modulation format. We also demonstrate numerically how it works with an example 10-node ring network.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.354-360
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• 2009

We investigate theoretically the tolerance of 40 Gbps phase-modulated (PM) duobinary signals using a vestigial sideband (VSB) filter on impairments which occurred in dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) systems, compared to the conventional duobinary signals. Our simulation results show that PM duobinary signals can't have the gain on the spectral efficiency achieved by utilizing the VSB filtering technique. In order to increase the spectral efficiency, they indispensably require to be transmitted at the optimum bandwidth of multiplexer (MUX) and demultiplexer (DEMUX) since they are susceptible to inter-channel crosstalk. It is also shown that the PM duobinary modulation format has a large tolerance on self-phase modulation (SPM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM) under the condition which MUX and DEMUX have been tuned at an optimum bandwidth; it has 1.2 dB power penalty at the fiber launching power (FLP) of 15 dBm and the channel spacing of 50 GHz.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.517-524
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• 2004

In this paper, we investigated the compensation characteristics of distorted NRZ format and RZ format signal dependence on dispersion variation of each transmission section in 8-channel WDM system. The WDM system have two transmission sections of unequal length with respect to optical phase conjugator(OPC) position. We select highly-nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber(HNL-DSF) as a nonlinear medium of OPC in order to convert wideband signal waves to conjugated waves. First, we confirmed that RZ is better than NRZ as a modulation format for maintenance or stable performance, when total dispersion or both sections in WDM system is different each other. Also, we confirmed that total dispersion of the short length section must be smaller than that of the long length section in order to excellently compensate for NRZ format signal.