• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.441-460
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• 2002

Funeral culture, which came to being along with the death of human beings, has developed through many changes in the background, culture, religion and custome of the times, having variant cultures depending on each nation or era. This study is designed to historically and systematically classify funeral rituals and costumes which have constantly changed in a special funeral culture from ancient times to modern times so as to investigate the features of each age. The researcher worked on Western funeral cultures, focusing on Egypt and Rome of ancient times, Creek times, the Middle Ages, recent and modern times ages, referring to literature, precedent studies, domestic and international technical books, pictures and drawings in relation to death and funeral services. Western funeral rituals were designed for offering condolence to the dead, but also used to show off the status of the mourners and the position of the dead persons. The mourning dress were utilized to indicate mourning in accordance with the colors, materials and the ways of wearing them, serving as a vehicle for showing off one's own status.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20
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• pp.99-109
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• 1997

The Bauhaus movement can be said to be the by-product of forming work pursued through the method of constituents even under endless discord between the so-called modern ages and anti-modern ages rather than to say that it was progressed consistently on the assumption of a design. Accordingly, all instruments of Bauhaus education which contributed to form the source of the modern ages realized educational value related to the actual problem at the point of time when the student evercomes all internal and production can be managed most effectively under one system was originated inevitably. The most exential point of the work of Bauhaus workshop is the fact that all products show homogeneity as time passes, which is appeared as the result of the spirit of consciously developed community based on cooperation between various characters and personalities. Also, the homogeneity does not exist in formative detailed aspect appeared externally but in the basis of effort having produced things simply and faithfully, and on the other hand, in accordance with essential rule. Therefore, the original form of Bauhaus products can be said not to be fashionable but the crystal of work process at the workshop through much thought and contemplation in view of endowed form following art, technology and economy.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.136-148
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• 1998

This is a study on the change of the Medievalmen's underclothes. Underclothing includes all such articles, worn by either sex, as were completely or mainly concealed from the spectator by the external costume. Throughout the Middle Ages, the underclothing of both sexes possessed characteristic inherited from earlier times. Its function was purely utilitarian. It was not used to express class distinction and only very indirectly to enhance sex attraction. The idea of underclothes was associated with the idea of the body's sinfulness. Underclothes could also symbolize the discipline of humility. To appear clad only in underclothes was a voluntary form of selfabasement often practised by pilgrims. The notion that underclothes might express the spirit of the changing times, in sympathy with the outer clothing, did not enter the medieval mind. The length of the shirt was less than that of the modern garment, especially after the middle of the fourteenth century. The sleeves were somewhat full, without cuffs, and cut straight. During the second half of the twelfth century, when braies become definitely an undergarment. In the fourteenth century braies became shorter and shorter and the shirt could no longer be tucked in but hung outside over the thighs. After 1340 the costume on the surface somewhat resembling modern 'tights', began to reveal display the shape of the male leg as a form of sex attraction. By the close of the Middle Ages, braies had become less like loincloths, and more like modern bathing trunks. The peasant and laborer did not attempt to keep pace with the changes of fashion but, continued, as a rule, to wear the long braies of their forefathers. The higher ranks how this garment reflected the changes of the mode of outer costumes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.129-143
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to pigeonhole theoretical notions of asymmetry and historical flow of asymmetry designed dresses, understand the trend of asymmetry design in modern fashion and find out its plastic character. The result of this study is as follows. The asymmetry is un-harmony artistic structure that unbalanced left and right in designing. The asymmetry fashion were seen that drapery dress of Egypt, Greece, Rome in ancient times and design by strong color contrast in heraldry and hose, accessory in the middle ages. In modern times, it was seen as complicated and mixed appearance by the influence of post-modernism. The asymmetry designs in modern fashion are shown varied styles by asymmetry of silhouette, detail, fabric, wearing method. The characters of these are a sense of de-construction, formative sense, and exaggeration The asymmetry design must be made by cutting, sewing, and high degree of technique through the latest skill and study.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

This paper is aimed to clarify the conservation and reuse of historic areas in modern ages, especially focused rural settlement Honbul village, Namwon city. Honbul village has modern historic areas as well as the korean traditional head houses, and so many narratives. There are old Seodo station building and the other facilities centered on these areas. And so this paper is to conserve and reuse not only this station but also traditional head house as modern cultural assets for revitalizing Honbul village. This study has been done by the field survey and interviews on the basis of the blueprint and its conditions. Through these modern historic areas, it would be for visitors experiencing the sustanable living condition from now on, excellent landscape of Honbul village. And also development of agricultural products and brand naturally increase incomes of farm families, and finally it will go far toward solving the rural problems.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.4 s.17
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• pp.151-163
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• 1998

This Study is concerned with the color design of Korean and Japanese wooden architecture. The main subject of the study is to investigate the commonness and difference of color decoration between Korean and Japanese Buddhist 'Danchung' in the modern ages. In carrying this study into execution, I examined the architectural and historical backgrounds, and analysed the elements, techniques and principles of color design. The result of this study is as follows ; 1. 'Danchung' was originated from the practical functions in Chinese wooden architecture, and developed to embody sensuous beauty in Buddhist temple. The techniques and principles of color design and color tone of Korean and japanese Danchung had been similar in the ancient ages. But little by little they have differed in its function and color tone. So they are very different in modern times. 2. The dominant colors of Korean Danchung are red and green as 'Sang-nok Ha-dan(上綠下丹)', but Japanese's is only red as 'Bak-gan Juk-sun(白間赤線)' 3. Korean Danchung expresses and accentuates the important structural elements in three dimensions, on the other hand japanese Danchung takes two dimensional decoration on the unstructural elements 4. When seen in general, in Korean Danchung colors and their light and shade are simple and patternized. In the meantime, Japanese Danchung has many configurational expressions in general and is closed to paintings or picture.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2018

Objectives On the point of modern preventive medicine, Sasang Constitutional Meidicine(SCM) has the thoughts of preventive medicine. Modern preventive medicine has the three dimensional prevention; primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. The preventive thoughts of SCM concerning three dimensional prevention have been investigated in this article. Method Materials and references were collected about the prevention of SCM. Lee Jema's books such as Donguisusebowon, Gyeokchigo and Donguisusebowon Chobonguen were included. Result and Conclusions As the primary prevention of SCM, Regimen according to ages, explanation according to health index as Myeongmaeksilsu(命脈實數), moderation of four ruinous causes such as intoxication, seduction, opulence and authority, adequate social life and control of 4 kinds of emotions(sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure) are included. As the secondary prevention of SCM, explanation according to disease index, fragile Organs and frequently acquired diseases according to constitutions are included. As the tertiary prevention of SCM, rehabilitation for the stroke patients according to constitutions is included. In conclusion, SCM has all of 3 dimensional prevention methods although that might be applied with modern considerate modification.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.89-97
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the possibilities of use as a factor of the water landscape in modern urban spaces such as parks and, apartments, through a case study of the concept, functions, and culture of moats in the East and West from ancient times to the Middle Ages. This study aimed to examine the concept, origin, and function of the moat as a theoretical consideration. Asian castles with moats, including those in Korea, China and Japan, and Western castles with moats in Britain, France, Belgium, and Germany were investigated and analyzed. By reflecting on these cultures and the functions of the moat in modern urban spaces and converting the environment damaged due to industrialization and urbanization into an eco-friendly and environment symbiotic city the quality of life can be improved, and sustainable development can be achieved. This study was conducted through a literature survey and field investigation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.67-76
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• 2001

This Study is about the tradition of Organic Medievalism expressed in Modern Architecture. The concept of Medievalism is an attitude to revive the social and physical settings on the Middle Ages. The Organic Medievalism in Modern Architecture was to be explained as the two tendencies; one was toward the rational structural logic of the medieval architecture being re-interpreted into the Modern Architecture and the other was toward the organic and fantastic shape of the Modern Architecture, closely connected with nature-friendly and organic shape of medieval city and buildings. The structural logic of the medieval architecture became systematized by the French architects, Viollet-le-Duc and Auguste Choisy. The principle has been applied to the design of the Art Nouveau, Louis Kahn and so-called the High-Tech Architecture creating the aesthetics of its own by exposing the building structure. The other was used as the elements to represent the characteristics of the Art Nouveau architects, and then served as the background of the creation of the avant-garde architecture of Germany. The ideal has been serving as the great idealistic fundamentals by the so-called Archigram and Deconstruction at the late half of the 20th century.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.231-237
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• 1997

One of the clearest reactions against Modern architecture, and its planning ideology of comprechensive development, was the neo-Regional movement which arose at more or less the same time in serval countries. In the mid-fifties architects in Mexico started to design architectures which mixed vermacular and Modern methodology to recall traditional buildings. This popular alternative to Modernism had caught on in Mexico by the recent to become the accepted approach for the most regional building built by the Mexican architects. The regional architecture provided the continual activity, safety and economy of traditional life which was lacking in so many Modern building, while the these ages provided a cultural continuity. Anonymity of craftsmanship, but personalization of each building; enclosed wall of strong color, wide inward opening, but flat roof; emotional layouts and poetic outdoor water space, but variable massing; as it the buildings had been constructed over several years-these were the contradictory signs of neo-Regionalism. The Regional architecture has direct reference to human inhabitation and use, and it embraces mystery, poetic sense, a quality we are losing in Modern life. There is a freedom from rules, which shows up especially in an insouciant use of color, just for fuv.