• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.419-429
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• 2017

This study examined the moderating effects of gender on the effects of anxiety and depression on college students' smartphone addiction. For this purpose, 331 students in Gyeonggi province were conducted a survey, and a structural equation modeling was used. The results showed that female had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and smartphone addiction than male. Second, the analysis of structural equation modeling to investigate the effect of anxiety and depression on smartphone addiction revealed that depression affects smartphone addiction. Third, gender had a moderating effect on the effects of anxiety and depression on smartphone addiction. Anxiety affected male, while depression worked on female. Based on the results of this study, it was discussed that different approaches are needed depending on gender in preventing and intervention for smartphone addiction.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.93-112
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of explicit and implicit product warranties on consumers' attitudes toward the products, and particularly, the main effects of product types and level of manufacturers' business ethics on the relationship between warranty types and consumers' attitudes. For this purpose, relevant literature was reviewed and thereupon, a survey was conducted for an empirical analysis. As a result of empirically analyzing the relationship between warranty types and consumers' attitudes and the main effects of the product types (search goods vs. experience goods) and level of business ethics (high vs. low) on the relationship, it was found that consumers' attitudes toward the products were more positive when the product warranty was explicit than when it was implicit, and that such relationship was stronger for experience goods than for search goods one. And, the relationship was stronger when the level of business ethics perceived was lower. However, such moderating effects were not significant for consumers' attitudes, but significant for their purchasing intention.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.49-60
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• 2016

Objectives: This study sought to explore the relationships between drinking problems and alcohol's harm to others with the moderating effects of alcohol expectancies on these relationships after controlling for demographic characteristics. Methods: Participants for this study were 1,859 men and women. We performed hierarchical regression analyses with sets of predictors (1) demographic characteristics, (2) drinking problems and alcohol expectancies, and (3) interaction terms between drinking problems and alcohol expectancies. Results: After controlling for demographic characteristics, drinking problems and alcohol expectancies had the significant effects on alcohol's harm to others in both men and women. However, the interactions between drinking problems and negative alcohol expectancy showed the significant impacts on alcohol's harm to others among men. When men had higher levels of negative alcohol expectancy, drinking problems showed stronger effects on alcohol's harm to others. Conclusions: As a result, findings from the study highlight the importance of more sophisticated public policy to prevent and to intervene drinking problems and to support those around drinkers and drinkers themselves.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.289-300
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• 2013

Purpose: The results of prior studies investigating main effects between diversity and team performance are neither clear nor consistent. This study seeks to provide more evidence for a direct link between these two. The present study also attempts to close a gap in the literature by examining conflict as a moderator of the relationship between diversity and team performance. Methods: As suggested by Williams and O'Reilly(1998), this study examines the effects of perception levels of three specific types of diversity (social category diversity, value diversity, and informational diversity) and two contextual moderators (task conflict and relationship conflict) on team performance. Results: The results show that perception levels of all three types of diversity are significantly related to team performance in the current sample of 313. Results also indicate that relationship conflict significantly interacted with the perception levels of diversity in relating to team performance. Results for task conflict, however, fails to support the hypothesis. Conclusion: The results suggest that the effects of diversity on team functioning depend on how diversity is perceived by team members, rather than actual diversity seen by team members. Theoretical and practical implications are reviewed, and limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are addressed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.154-166
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• 2019

Consumers believe it is more profitable to buy products at a discount price than at a fixed price. However, consumers who miss an opportunity for a discount would experience regret; consequently, they may also forgo a purchase despite experiencing regret if a subsequent opportunity was no more attractive than the initial one. This phenomenon has been conceptualized as inaction inertia. In this study we investigate if consumers showed behavior of inaction inertia under the situation of fashion products purchase as well as if price and involvement had a moderating effect on product purchase. The following are the results of the research based on an empirical investigation. First, according to the results of influence of inaction inertia on purchase intention, respondents exposed to scenario of experiencing similar price discount in the past, both under high-price situations and low-price situations, made statistically fewer responses than those exposed to situations without such experience; therefore, effect of inaction inertia could be confirmed. Second, the moderating effect of product price on relationships between inaction inertia and purchase intention was not statistically significant.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.17-31
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify differences in fear of COVID-19 according to types of positive mental health in college students, and to verify the moderating effect of mental well-being in the relationship between mental disorders and fear of COVID-19. Methods: The results of 1,542 college students' responses to the COVID-19 Fear Scale, Korean Mental Disorder Scale, and Korean Mental Health Scale were analyzed. According to the presence of mental disorders and the level of mental well-being (high, medium, and low) of the participants which were assessed by the Korean Mental Disorder Scale and the Korean Mental Health Scale, participants were classified into five mental health groups. And the difference in fear of COVID-19 between groups was identified by one-way ANOVA. In addition, it was identified whether the moderating effect of mental well-being was significant in the relationship between mental disorders and fear of COVID-19 using hierarchical regression analysis. Results: When participants were classified by positive mental health types, the flourish group had significantly lower fear of COVID-19 than the moderate mental health group and the languishing group. The moderating effect of mental well-being was significant in the relationship between mental disorder and fear of COVID-19. Additionally, the reducing effect of mental well-being upon fear of COVID-19 was greater when the severity of mental disorder was lower. Conclusions: Basically, in the case of groups with mental disorders, efforts to reduce mental disorders should be given first and foremost. In contrast, for groups without mental disorders, psychological interventions to raise levels of mental well-being are likely to help reduce fear of COVID-19.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.173-193
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• 2024

This study adopts organismic integration theory (OIT) to classify and contrast the predominant roles of five motivations (i.e., economic incentives, self-presentation, information acquisition, altruism, and enjoyment) in fostering three levels of behavioral engagement on brand-related social media content. This study further examines the moderating effect of personality (thinkers vs. feelers) on these relationships. The results of PLS-SEM reveal the greater impact of autonomous motivations on content consumption (enjoyment and information acquisition) and content contribution and creation (altruism and information acquisition), compared with controlled motivations (self-presentation and economic incentives). This study also finds that thinkers mostly engage on brand-related content for information acquisition and economic incentives, whereas feelers are mostly driven by enjoyment for content consumption and by altruism for content contribution and creation. This study addresses the inconsistency in prior research findings and provides practical implications to social media marketers.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.323-339
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• 2010

This study examines how family and school social capital moderate the relation between family income and academic achievement. I use the data from the Korean Educational and Employment Panel(KEEP) on the third year middle school students in 2004. Results show that higher levels of family and school social capital, as well as financial capital such as family income are more positively associated with academic achievement. In addition, family and school social capital are served as moderators of the influences of family income on academic achievement. For example, higher parental concern about children and teacher-student bonding provides an extra boost to the positive relationship between family income and student achievement. Furthermore, lower educational expectations can make the relation between income and achievement negative. These findings underscore the importance of social capital at home and at school as the alternatives to promote academic achievement. In particular, greater concern and support encouraging social capital at home and school should be directed at low-income students who are struggling with academic achievement.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5845-5851
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• 2014

Reducing fear of cancer is significant in developing cancer screening interventions, but the levels of fear may vary depending on the degrees of media exposure as well as individuals' socioeconomic positions (SEP). However, few studies have examined how the SEP influences the fear of cancer under the moderating process of general and specific forms of media exposure. We investigated the moderating effect of media exposure on the relationship between SEP and the level of fear of cancer by assuming that cancer knowledge is a covariate between those two. In particular, this study examined how exposure to both general and specific media changes the series of processes from SEP to fear of cancer. We conducted path analyses with three types of media - television, radio and the Internet- using data from a health communication survey of 613 adults in Massachusetts in the United States. We found that SEP influences cancer knowledge directly and fear of cancer indirectly, as moderated by the level of media exposure. Health-specific exposure, however, had a more consistent effect than general media exposure in lowering the fear of cancer by increasing knowledge about cancer. A higher level of health-specific exposure and greater amount of cancer knowledge lessened the fear of cancer. In addition, the more people were exposed to health information on television and the Internet, the lower the level of fear of cancer as a result. These findings indicate a relationship between SEP and fear of cancer, as moderated by the level and type of media exposure. Furthermore, the findings suggest that for early detection or cancer prevention strategies, health communication approaches through mass media need to be considered.

• Journal of the Korean society of biological therapies in psychiatry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.173-183
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of study was to estimate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms as well as to examine the moderating effect of positive psychology on the relationship between poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms among Korean university students. Methods : A total of 2,338(1,071 male and 1,267 female) university students at seven universities of four cities in Korea were randomly selected to participate in a survey. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires, including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS), Positive Psychotherapy Inventory(PPTI), and sociodemographic characteristics. Results : The prevalence was 44.8% for poor sleep quality and 14.4% for depressive symptoms among Korean university students. By moderated regression analysis, the results showed that poor sleep quality(${\beta}=0.453$, p<0.001) aggravated depressive symptoms of university students, and life satisfaction(${\beta}=-0.087$, p<0.001) and happiness(${\beta}=-0.145$, p<0.001) respectively buffered the negative effect of the poor sleep quality on depressive symptoms. Conclusion : This study showed very high prevalence of poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms among Korean university students. Overall, these findings demonstrates that positive psychology can be effective in the enhancement of subjective and psychological well-being and may help to reduce depressive symptom levels. In the context of public health, positive psychology can be used as preventive, easily accessible and non-stigmatizing tools.