• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.223-233
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the moderate drinking program based on social cognitive theory on changes in the drinking habits of college students with drinking problems. Methods: This study included a total of 68 college students with drinking problems. These participants participated in 10 sessions of a moderate drinking program in which social cognitive theory was applied. Changes in the cognition and behaviors of the participants were then investigated. Results: The moderate drinking program based on social cognitive theory for college students with drinking problems was effective in increasing the subjects' drinking-related knowledge (U=191.50, p<.001), enhancing their drinking refusal self-efficacy(t=8.02, p<.001), and changing their drinking-related attitudes (U=108.50, p<.001), drinking outcome expectancy (t=8.68, p<.001), amount of drinking in a single session ($x^2=25.72$, p<.001), number of drinking sessions per month ($x^2=10.05$, p=.006), and problem drinking behaviors (t=5.77, p<.001). Conclusion: These results can be used to inform a regular on-campus intervention programs for moderate drinking, and to implement education about moderate drinking, thereby increasing the success rate of drinking reduction.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 1998

The present study was performed to investigate the patterns of a, pp.arance of lectin in uterus of fetuses of 90 and 120 days old and neonates of Korean native goat. The carbohydrate markers were used in histochemistry for the determination of the lectin by staining of avidin-biotin-per-oxidase complex(ABC), rincinus communis agglutinin(RCA-I), ulexeuropalus communis agglutinin(UEA) and wheat germ agglutinin(WGA). 1. The effects of this study were as follows; 1. The binding reactions for Con-A were weak on the mucosal epithelium of endometrium in 90 and 120 days old fetuses, and neonates and moderate at the free surface of mucosal epithelia. 2. The binding reactions for DBA was partially moderate on the mucosal epithelium of endometrium and partially strong at the free surface of mucosal epithelia in 120 days old fetuses. In neonates, the reactions were strong on the mucosal epithelium and gland primordium of endometrium, and the secretions at the free surface showed strong reactions for DBA. But, in 90 days old fetuses, the reaction was negative. 3. The binding reactions for RCA-I were moderate on the mucosal epithelium of endometrium and at the free surface of mucosal epithelia in 90 days old fetuses. In 120 days old fetuses, the reactions were weak on the mucosal epithelium of endometrium and moderate at the free surface of mucosal epithelia. In neonates, the reactions were moderate on the mucosal epithelium of endometrium and strong at the free surface of mucosal epithelia and also strong in the uterine gland. 4. The binding reactions for UEA were negative in 90 and 120 days old fetuses and neonates. 5. In 90 days old fetuses, the binding reactions for WGA were generally weak on the mucosal epithelium of endometrium, but several epithelial cells showed moderate reaction for WGA. In 120 days old fetuses and neonates, the reactions were moderate on the mucosal epithelium and blood vessels of endometrium and strong at the free surface of mucosal epithelia.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2011

현재까지 스마트 면진시스템은 일본이냐 미국 같은 강진지역에서 개발되고 적용되어 왔다. 이렇게 강진지역에 있는 건축물을 지진하중으로부터 보호하기 위하여 개발된 스마트 면진시스템은 우리니라와 같은 중약진 지역에 있는 건축물에 그대로 적용되기에는 많은 한계점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 강진지역에 건설되는 건축물을 위한 스마트 면진시스템을 중약진 지역에 건설되는 건축물에 작용하였을 때 발생하는 문제점음 검토해보았다. 이를 위하여 예제구조물로 대공간 아치구조물을 선택하였고 스마트 면전시스템은 MR 감쇠기와 저감쇠 탄성베어링을 사용하여 구성하였다. 강진지역과 중약진 지역에서 발생하는 지진하중으로는 기존에 발생한 역사지진을 바탕으로 인공지진을 생성하였다. 수치해석결과 강진지역에 건설되는 대공간구조물을 위하여 개발된 스마트 면진시스템을 그대로 중약진 지역에 적용하면 면진효과가 상당히 줄어들므로 스마트 제어장지의 용량이 중약진 지역에 맞추어 주의 깊게 설계되어야 함을 알 수 있었다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to assess effects of heat stress on growth performance, physiological parameters, and blood profiles of Hanwoo steers during early-fattening period in climate chambers. Methods: Four Hanwoo steers (body weight, 454.3±10.9 kg; age, 14±0.1 month) were allocated into four levels of temperature-humidity index (THI) in a 4×4 Latin square design for 21 days (pre-adaptation, 7 d; heat stress, 7 d; post-adaptation, 7 d) per period. Experimental treatments were assigned according to THI chart based on National Institute Animal Science (NIAS, 2022): Comfort (25.5℃ to 26.5℃, 60%; THI 73 to 75), Mild (28℃ to 29℃, 60%; THI 77 to 79), Moderate (29.5℃ to 30.5℃, 80%; THI 82 to 84), and Severe (31℃ to 32℃, 80%; THI 85 to 86) in separate climatic controlled chambers. Results: The dry matter intake (DMI) of the formula feed was lower in Severe compared to Mild and Comfort (p<0.05). The DMI of rice straw was the lowest in Severe and lower in Moderate than Comfort and Mild (p<0.05). Both average daily gain and feed conversion ratio of Severe and Moderate were lower than those of Mild and Comfort (p<0.05). Water intake was the highest in Severe and lower in Moderate compared with Comfort and Mild (p<0.05). Heart rate and rectal temperature increased as THI level increased (p<0.05). Glucose was the lowest in Severe and lower in Moderate compared to Comfort (p<0.05). On the contrary, non-esterified fatty acid was the highest in Severe and lower in Moderate compared with Comfort (p<0.05). Blood urea nitrogen of Moderate and Severe were higher than those of Comfort and Mild (p<0.05). Cortisol increased as THI increased (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the negative effects of heat stress on the performance and physiological responses of Hanwoo steers during the early-fattening period. In addition, it is judged that the THI chart for Hanwoo steers of National Institute of Animal Science (2022) was properly calculated.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.290-290
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• 2022

Powdery mildew is known to be one of the serious diseases in C. moschata cultivation. Plants infected with powdery mildew cause damage to cultivation areas such as occurrence of deformity fruit and decrease in quantity. also, it has been reported that many farms have difficulties in controlling powdery mildew due to the outbreak under various conditions throughout the year. Therefore, this study intends to perform a phenotype test and a genotype test for C. moschata 60 lines grown in Jenong S&T. Podospareaxanthii, known as a pathogen that causes powder mildew disease in pumpkins in Korea, was collected and used as an inoculation source, phenotype test was performed by examining the infection area rate(%) of powdery mildew disease that occurred in leaves 25 days after inoculation. It was determined that 0% of the infection area rate was in the first stage, 1 to 5% in the second stage, 6 to 15% in the third stage, 16 to 30% in the fourth stage, and 31% or more in the fifth stage, The first and second stages were judged as resistance, the third as moderate resistance, and the fourth and fifth stages as sensitivity. As a result of the phenotype test, it was confirmed that the resistance was 21 points, moderate resistance was 14 points, and sensitivity was 25 points. After searching for the genes related to powdery mildew resistance resistance, pm-0, CmbHLH87, and LOC111453072, 21 points of resistance and 9 points of moderate resistance identified through phenotype tests were identified through gel electrophoresis after polymerase chain reaction(PCR) using 5 primers related to 3 genes. As a result of genotype testing of a total 30 points, the CmbHLH87 and LOC111453072 gene were found to be resistant bands in all points, PMR1 was identified as 20 points for resistance, 4 points for moderate resistance, and 6 points for sensitivity, PMR2 was not identified in the entire band, and PMR5 was identified as 18 point for resistance, 3 points for moderate resistance, and 9 points for sensitivity. As a result, when comparing the phenotype test results and genotype test results, CmbHLH87 and LOC111453072 genes was 100% consistent in resistance and moderate resistance, PMR1 was 95.2% in resistance, 44.4% in moderate resistance, and PMR5 was 90% in resistance and 33.3% in moderate resistance, PMR2 was not consistent in resistance and moderate resistance. Therefore, it is expected that more accurate PMR test will be possible by using molecular markers(PMR1, PMR5) and by developing CmbHLH87 and LOC111453072 gene-related molecular markers.

• 경영과학
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.99-115
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• 2010

We classified quality management practices of manufacturing companies into 'Infra' factor and 'Process' factor which were introduced based on existing literatures and previous studies related to quality management. It was our first objective to confirm its conformance in Korean manufacturing industry, and to examine the two factors effect positively on production performance. Moreover, we tried to examine whether JIT and workforce management have an moderate effect on 'Infra and Process factors-performance' relationship, using moderate regression. As the result of empirical study on nationwide manufacturing companies, we had the results that the classification between Infra factor and Process factor in quality management practices was valid in Korean manufacturing companies, and that the two factors gave performances positive effect. Moreover, our secondary analysis showed that JIT had an positive moderate effect on the Infra factor while workforce management on the Process factor. With these results, we have an interpretation that manufacturing companies which aim to enhance short term performances have to concentrate their effort and investment on Process factor and, on the other hand, ones which aims to improve long term performances on Infra factor.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2012

Because a smart isolation system cannot be used as a base isolation system for tall buildings, top-story or mid-story isolation systems are required. In this study, adaptability of a smart top-story isolation system for reduction of seismic responses of tall buildings in regions of low-to-moderate seismicity has been investigated. To this end, 20-story example building structure was selected and an MR damper and low damping elastomeric bearings were used to compose a smart base isolation system. Artificial earthquakes generated based on design spectrum of low-to-moderate seismicity regions are used for structural analyses. Based on numerical simulation results, it has been shown that a smart top-story isolation system can effectively reduce both structural responses and isolation story drifts of the building structure in low-to-moderate seismicity regions in comparison with a passive top-story isolation system.

• Investigative and Clinical Urology
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.399-409
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• 2018

Purpose: To analyze data from an observational, prospective, cumulative registry study in 805 hypogonadal men stratified by mild or moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) according to International Prostate Symptom Score. Materials and Methods: A total of 412 men underwent testosterone therapy (TTh) with injectable testosterone undecanoate, 393 men served as untreated controls. Measures of urinary function, anthropometric and metabolic parameters were performed at least twice per year. Results: Data from 615 men with mild LUTS (253 treated, 362 untreated) and 190 with moderate-to-severe LUTS (159 treated, 31 untreated) were available. During a follow-up period of 8 years a significant improvement of LUTS was noted for all TTh-patients whereas the control-groups showed deterioration or fluctuation around initial values. Despite advancing age, TTh fully prevented worsening of symptoms. In parallel, a considerable improvement of anthropometric parameters, lipids and glycemic control, blood pressure, C-reactive protein, and quality of life was found. Moderate-to-severe LUTS was associated with worse cardiometabolic risk profile at baseline as well as worse cardiovascular outcomes during follow-up in comparison to mild LUTS. Effect size of TTh was more pronounced in men with moderate-to-severe than with mild LUTS. Conclusions: Correcting hypogonadism by TTh is highly effective and safe for improving LUTS in hypogonadal men. TTh may also improve cardiometabolic risk and major adverse cardiovascular events.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.196-202
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical activity and energy drinks consumption in Korean Adolescents. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis using statistics from the 2017(13th) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The variables used in the study were physical activity, energy drinks consumption and socio-demographic characteristics such as gender, academic achievement, household economic status and weekly allowance. The data were analyzed by $x^2$ test and multinominal logistic regression and the results were presented in percentage. Results: As the number of days engaging in moderate and vigorous physical activities increased, the response that they consume energy drinks 'more than 5 times a week' also increased. The subjects who participated in a 'moderate' or 'high' level of moderate physical activity consumed 1.4 times more energy drinks than those who do not participate in physical activity. And the subjects who engaged in a 'low' or 'moderate' level of vigorous physical activity consumed about 1.3 times more energy drinks than those who don't work out. Conclusion: As the level and intensity of physical activity increased, the number and frequency of energy drinks consumption increased. The results of this study can be used as basic data for intervention programs to reduce energy drinks consumption and promote proper physical activity.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제87권4호
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• pp.333-346
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• 2023

This paper presents findings from an experimental study that was focused on evaluating the use of Forta-Ferro (FF) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) fibers on the response of moderate and special ductility beams under load cycles. For this reason, eight full-scale specimens, identical in geometry, were subjected to gradual cyclic loading. The specimens included two plain concrete beams with medium and special ductility, three beams with medium ductility and stirrup spacing of one-quarter the effective depth (d/4) and three beams with special ductility, and stirrup spacing of one-half the effective depth (d/2), strengthened with FF and PVA fibers separately. The use of fibers was aimed at reducing the amount of shear reinforcement in flexural members. Here, the variation of parameters including the maximum strength, ultimate strength, stiffness, ductility, damage index, energy dissipation, and equivalent damping was studied. Utilizing FF and PVA fibers improved the performance in beams with moderate ductility when compared to those beams with special ductility. Therefore, in special ductility beams, fibers can be used instead of crossties and in moderate ductility beams, fibers can be added to reduce the ratio of shear reinforcement. Furthermore, increasing the stirrup spacing in the moderate ductility beams from d/4 to d/2 and adding 0.6% FF or 1.5% PVA fibers resulted in behavior similar to those of the moderate ductility beam.