• Title/Summary/Keyword: Mobile Management

검색결과 4,102건 처리시간 0.034초

디지털 트윈, 환경 모니터링 등 디지털·그린 뉴딜 정책 관련 지질자원 유망기술·시장 분석 (Analysis of Emerging Geo-technologies and Markets Focusing on Digital Twin and Environmental Monitoring in Response to Digital and Green New Deal)

  • 안은영;이재욱;배준희;김정민
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제53권5호
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    • pp.609-617
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    • 2020
  • 4차 산업혁명(industry 4.0)으로 제시되는 지능정보사회 전환 정책 이후, 정부는 2020년 한국형 뉴딜 정책으로 디지털 뉴딜과 그린 뉴딜 정책을 발표하였다. 본 연구는 해당 정책을 분석하고 지질자원 분야 공공연구기관의 정부출연 R&D사업을 분석하였다. 해당 사업 중에서 유망기술 분야로 디지털 트윈, 환경 모니터링에 주목하여 유망기술·시장 분석을 실시하였다. 한국판 뉴딜 종합계획의 '데이터댐'과 관련하여 지질자원 기술 분야에서는 실감기술(AR/VR)을 적용한 디지털 지질자원 콘텐츠 개발, 공공데이터 구축·공유 시스템 개발이 가능하다. '1, 2, 3차 전산업으로 5G, AI 융합 확산'에 대응하여 스마트 마이닝, 디지털 오일 필드 등 ICT와 융합한 지질자원기술의 산업적용이 필요하다. '디지털 트윈'과 관련하여 정부는 도심지 등 주요지역 3D 지도 구축을 제시하고 있다. 지질자원 기술 분야에서는 안전한 국토/시설 관리를 위한 3차원 지도 및 사물인터넷(IoT) 시스템 개발이 가능하다. 그린 뉴딜 정책으로 정부는 자원순환을 포함한 녹색산업 기술개발, CCUS 통합실증, 전기차·수소차 보급 확대를 제시하였으며 한국지질자원연구원은 관련 연구사업 수행 및 국내 에너지 저장광물 개발 연구를 착수했다. 디지털 트윈 관련하여 논문 및 국제 시장분석기관에서 석유가스분야를 제시하고 있으며 광산자동화, 디지털 지도 측면에서도 많은 진전이 일어나고 있다. 디지털 트윈어스(Digital Twin Earth) 구축 또한 지질자원 분야의 유망 기술 분야이다. 디지털 트윈, 환경 모니터링 관련 지질자원 연구 분야는 데이터 분석, 시뮬레이션, 인공지능·기계학습, 사물인터넷(IoT)과 깊은 관련이 있으며, 관련 센서 및 컴퓨팅 소프트웨어/시스템 등 민간 회사와의 협업이 중요하다.

인기도 기반의 온라인 추천 뉴스 기사와 전문 편집인 기반의 지면 뉴스 기사의 유사성과 중요도 비교 (Comparisons of Popularity- and Expert-Based News Recommendations: Similarities and Importance)

  • 서길수;이성원;서응교;강혜빈;이승원;이은곤
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.191-210
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    • 2014
  • As mobile devices that can be connected to the Internet have spread and networking has become possible whenever/wherever, the Internet has become central in the dissemination and consumption of news. Accordingly, the ways news is gathered, disseminated, and consumed have changed greatly. In the traditional news media such as magazines and newspapers, expert editors determined what events were worthy of deploying their staffs or freelancers to cover and what stories from newswires or other sources would be printed. Furthermore, they determined how these stories would be displayed in their publications in terms of page placement, space allocation, type sizes, photographs, and other graphic elements. In turn, readers-news consumers-judged the importance of news not only by its subject and content, but also through subsidiary information such as its location and how it was displayed. Their judgments reflected their acceptance of an assumption that these expert editors had the knowledge and ability not only to serve as gatekeepers in determining what news was valuable and important but also how to rank its value and importance. As such, news assembled, dispensed, and consumed in this manner can be said to be expert-based recommended news. However, in the era of Internet news, the role of expert editors as gatekeepers has been greatly diminished. Many Internet news sites offer a huge volume of news on diverse topics from many media companies, thereby eliminating in many cases the gatekeeper role of expert editors. One result has been to turn news users from passive receptacles into activists who search for news that reflects their interests or tastes. To solve the problem of an overload of information and enhance the efficiency of news users' searches, Internet news sites have introduced numerous recommendation techniques. Recommendations based on popularity constitute one of the most frequently used of these techniques. This popularity-based approach shows a list of those news items that have been read and shared by many people, based on users' behavior such as clicks, evaluations, and sharing. "most-viewed list," "most-replied list," and "real-time issue" found on news sites belong to this system. Given that collective intelligence serves as the premise of these popularity-based recommendations, popularity-based news recommendations would be considered highly important because stories that have been read and shared by many people are presumably more likely to be better than those preferred by only a few people. However, these recommendations may reflect a popularity bias because stories judged likely to be more popular have been placed where they will be most noticeable. As a result, such stories are more likely to be continuously exposed and included in popularity-based recommended news lists. Popular news stories cannot be said to be necessarily those that are most important to readers. Given that many people use popularity-based recommended news and that the popularity-based recommendation approach greatly affects patterns of news use, a review of whether popularity-based news recommendations actually reflect important news can be said to be an indispensable procedure. Therefore, in this study, popularity-based news recommendations of an Internet news portal was compared with top placements of news in printed newspapers, and news users' judgments of which stories were personally and socially important were analyzed. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, content analyses were used to compare the content of the popularity-based news recommendations of an Internet news site with those of the expert-based news recommendations of printed newspapers. Five days of news stories were collected. "most-viewed list" of the Naver portal site were used as the popularity-based recommendations; the expert-based recommendations were represented by the top pieces of news from five major daily newspapers-the Chosun Ilbo, the JoongAng Ilbo, the Dong-A Daily News, the Hankyoreh Shinmun, and the Kyunghyang Shinmun. In the second stage, along with the news stories collected in the first stage, some Internet news stories and some news stories from printed newspapers that the Internet and the newspapers did not have in common were randomly extracted and used in online questionnaire surveys that asked the importance of these selected news stories. According to our analysis, only 10.81% of the popularity-based news recommendations were similar in content with the expert-based news judgments. Therefore, the content of popularity-based news recommendations appears to be quite different from the content of expert-based recommendations. The differences in importance between these two groups of news stories were analyzed, and the results indicated that whereas the two groups did not differ significantly in their recommendations of stories of personal importance, the expert-based recommendations ranked higher in social importance. This study has importance for theory in its examination of popularity-based news recommendations from the two theoretical viewpoints of collective intelligence and popularity bias and by its use of both qualitative (content analysis) and quantitative methods (questionnaires). It also sheds light on the differences in the role of media channels that fulfill an agenda-setting function and Internet news sites that treat news from the viewpoint of markets.

LC-MS/MS를 이용한 조제유류 중 비오틴 함량 분석법 연구 (Establishment of Biotin Analysis by LC-MS/MS Method in Infant Milk Formulas)

  • 신용운;이화정;함현숙;신성철;강윤정;황경미;권용관;서일원;오재명;구용의
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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    • 제31권5호
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    • pp.327-334
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 "축산물의 가공기준 및 성분규격"에 기준규격은 설정되어 있지 않으나, 국제 기준과의 조화를 위해 규격 신설 검토 대상 성분인 비오틴의 분석법을 마련하고자 수행하였다. 조제유류에 미량으로 함유된 비오틴함량 분석을 위해 선택성과 정밀성이 뛰어난 LC-MS/MS를 이용한 분석법을 확립하고 시중에 유통중인 제품을 대상으로 적용성을 검토하였다. 비오틴 표준품을 이용하여 LC-MS/MS를 이용한 기기분석조건을 확립하고, 식품의 기준 및 규격 분석법을 참고로 0.01 M 인산이수소칼륨(pH 4.8) 용액을 이용하여 시료중의 비오틴을 추출하여 분석하였다. 분석법 검증은 특이성, 직선성, 검출한계 및 정량한계, 정확성, 정밀성에 대해 수행되었다. 5~60 ng/mL의 농도범위에서 $R^2=0.999$ 이상의 우수한 직선성을 확인할 수 있었으며, LOD와 LOQ는 각각 0.10, 0.31 ng/mL 이었다. CRM (NIST SRM 1849a) 및 표준물질 첨가법을 이용하여 정확성을 검토하였으며, CRM에서 103%, 조제분유에서 101~104%, 조제우유에서 99~101%의 회수율을 확인할 수 있었다. 정밀성을 검토한 결과 시료 채취량에 따른 상대표준편차가 조제분유 0.4~0.9%, 조제우유1.4~1.6%로 확인하였으며, 실험일자에 따른 재현성은 조제분유에서 1.3%, 조제우유에서 1.2%로 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 확립된 분석법을 적용하여 조제분유 39건, 조제우유 3건, 성장기용조제분유 23건 등 국내 유통중인 조제유류 65건에 대해 적용성 검토를 실시한 결과 전체시료에서 분석이 용이하였으며, 모두 표시기준에 적합함을 확인하였다.

지식 누적을 이용한 실시간 주식시장 예측 (A Real-Time Stock Market Prediction Using Knowledge Accumulation)

  • 김진화;홍광헌;민진영
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.109-130
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    • 2011
  • 연속발생 데이터는 데이터의 원천으로부터 데이터 저장소로 연속적으로 축적이 되는 데이터를 말한다. 이렇게 축적된 데이터의 크기는 시간이 지남에 따라 점점 커진다. 또한 이러한 대용량 데이터에서 정보를 추출하기 위해서는 저장공간, 시간, 그리고 많은 자원이 필요하다. 이러한 연속발생 데이터의 특성은 시간이 지남에 따라 축적된 대용량 데이터의 이용을 어렵고 고비용이 되게 한다. 만약 정보나 패턴을 추출할 때 누적된 전체 발생 데이터 중에서 최근의 일부만 사용 한다면 적은 일부 표본의 사용의 문제로 인하여 전체 데이터 사용에서 발견될 수 있는 유용한 정보의 유실이 있을 수 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 본 연구는 연속발생 데이터를 발생 시점에서 계속 모으기 보다 이러한 발생되는 데이터에서 규칙을 추출하여 효율적으로 지식을 관리하고자 한다. 이 방법은 기존의 방법에 비하여 적은 양의 데이터 저장공간을 필요로 한다. 또한 이렇게 축적된 규칙집합은 미래에 예측을 위해서 언제든 실시간 예측을 할 수 있게 준비가 된다. 여러 예측 모델을 결합시키는 방법인 앙상블 이론에 의하면 본 연구가 제시하는 데로 체계적으로 규칙집합을 시간에 따라 융합시킬 경우 더 나은 예측 성과가 가능하다. 본 연구는 주식시장의 변동성을 예측하기 위하여 주식시장 데이터를 사용하였다. 본 연구는 이 데이터를 이용해 본 연구가 제시하는 방법과 기존의 방법의 예측 정확도를 비교 하였다.

고품질 스테레오 음악을 위한 오디오 워터마크 정보 삽입/추출 기술 (An Embedding /Extracting Method of Audio Watermark Information for High Quality Stereo Music)

  • 배경율
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.21-35
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    • 2018
  • 본 논문에서는 스테레오 음악에 오디오 워터마크를 삽입하기 위한 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 스테레오 음악은 2개의 채널을 갖고 있기 때문에 기존 워터마킹 기술은 일반적으로 각 채널을 독립적으로 생각하고 처리하는 경우가 많다. 그러나 스테레오를 모노로 변환하는 과정에서 워터마크의 손실이 발생하는 경우가 많이 발생할 수 있다. 제안한 알고리즘은 스테레오를 모노로 변환하더라도 워터마크의 손실이 발생하지 않도록 워터마크를 삽입할 때 스테레오와 모노변환의 특성을 이용하였다. 제안된 알고리즘에 사용된 오디오 워터마크는 "Copyright"와 "Copy_free"라는 두 가지 정보를 터보코드를 이용하여 생성하였다. 두 워터마크는 9바이트(72비트)로 이루어져 있으며, 오류정정을 위하여 터보코드를 적용하면 222비트로 삽입해야 하는 정보량이 늘어난다. 222비트의 워터마크는 추가적인 오류에 강인하도록 1024비트로 확장하여 최종적으로 스테레오 음악에 삽입할 워터마크로 사용하였다. 평균적으로 SNR은 40dB를 넘어서서 전통적인 양자화 방식보다 10dB 이상의 음질 개선을 가져왔다. 이는 상대적으로 10배의 음질 개선도를 의미하는 것으로 매우 유의미한 결과이다. 또한 워터마크의 추출에 필요한 샘플길이는 1초 이내의 길이면 충분히 추출이 가능하고, 128Kbps의 비트레이트를 갖는 MP3 압축에 대해서도 모두 1초 이내 길이의 음악 샘플로부터 워터마크의 완전한 추출이 가능하였다. 전통적인 양자화 방식이 10초 길이의 샘플을 이용해도 대부분 워터마크의 추출에 실패한 것에 비하면 1/10에 불과한 길이로 워터마크의 추출이 가능하다.

보다 정확한 동적 상황인식 추천을 위해 정확 및 오류 패턴을 활용하여 순차적 매칭 성능이 개선된 상황 예측 방법 (Context Prediction Using Right and Wrong Patterns to Improve Sequential Matching Performance for More Accurate Dynamic Context-Aware Recommendation)

  • 권오병
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.51-67
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    • 2009
  • Developing an agile recommender system for nomadic users has been regarded as a promising application in mobile and ubiquitous settings. To increase the quality of personalized recommendation in terms of accuracy and elapsed time, estimating future context of the user in a correct way is highly crucial. Traditionally, time series analysis and Makovian process have been adopted for such forecasting. However, these methods are not adequate in predicting context data, only because most of context data are represented as nominal scale. To resolve these limitations, the alignment-prediction algorithm has been suggested for context prediction, especially for future context from the low-level context. Recently, an ontological approach has been proposed for guided context prediction without context history. However, due to variety of context information, acquiring sufficient context prediction knowledge a priori is not easy in most of service domains. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a novel context prediction methodology, which does not require a priori knowledge, and to increase accuracy and decrease elapsed time for service response. To do so, we have newly developed pattern-based context prediction approach. First of ail, a set of individual rules is derived from each context attribute using context history. Then a pattern consisted of results from reasoning individual rules, is developed for pattern learning. If at least one context property matches, say R, then regard the pattern as right. If the pattern is new, add right pattern, set the value of mismatched properties = 0, freq = 1 and w(R, 1). Otherwise, increase the frequency of the matched right pattern by 1 and then set w(R,freq). After finishing training, if the frequency is greater than a threshold value, then save the right pattern in knowledge base. On the other hand, if at least one context property matches, say W, then regard the pattern as wrong. If the pattern is new, modify the result into wrong answer, add right pattern, and set frequency to 1 and w(W, 1). Or, increase the matched wrong pattern's frequency by 1 and then set w(W, freq). After finishing training, if the frequency value is greater than a threshold level, then save the wrong pattern on the knowledge basis. Then, context prediction is performed with combinatorial rules as follows: first, identify current context. Second, find matched patterns from right patterns. If there is no pattern matched, then find a matching pattern from wrong patterns. If a matching pattern is not found, then choose one context property whose predictability is higher than that of any other properties. To show the feasibility of the methodology proposed in this paper, we collected actual context history from the travelers who had visited the largest amusement park in Korea. As a result, 400 context records were collected in 2009. Then we randomly selected 70% of the records as training data. The rest were selected as testing data. To examine the performance of the methodology, prediction accuracy and elapsed time were chosen as measures. We compared the performance with case-based reasoning and voting methods. Through a simulation test, we conclude that our methodology is clearly better than CBR and voting methods in terms of accuracy and elapsed time. This shows that the methodology is relatively valid and scalable. As a second round of the experiment, we compared a full model to a partial model. A full model indicates that right and wrong patterns are used for reasoning the future context. On the other hand, a partial model means that the reasoning is performed only with right patterns, which is generally adopted in the legacy alignment-prediction method. It turned out that a full model is better than a partial model in terms of the accuracy while partial model is better when considering elapsed time. As a last experiment, we took into our consideration potential privacy problems that might arise among the users. To mediate such concern, we excluded such context properties as date of tour and user profiles such as gender and age. The outcome shows that preserving privacy is endurable. Contributions of this paper are as follows: First, academically, we have improved sequential matching methods to predict accuracy and service time by considering individual rules of each context property and learning from wrong patterns. Second, the proposed method is found to be quite effective for privacy preserving applications, which are frequently required by B2C context-aware services; the privacy preserving system applying the proposed method successfully can also decrease elapsed time. Hence, the method is very practical in establishing privacy preserving context-aware services. Our future research issues taking into account some limitations in this paper can be summarized as follows. First, user acceptance or usability will be tested with actual users in order to prove the value of the prototype system. Second, we will apply the proposed method to more general application domains as this paper focused on tourism in amusement park.

특정 대상에 대한 개인 수준의 문화적 성향이 사용자 경험에 미치는 조절효과에 대한 실증적 연구: 미국, 독일, 러시아의 4개 디지털 기기 사용자를 대상으로 (An Empirical Study on How the Moderating Effects of Individual Cultural Characteristics towards a Specific Target Affects User Experience: Based on the Survey Results of Four Types of Digital Device Users in the US, Germany, and Russia)

  • 이인성;최지웅;김소령;이기호;김진우
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.113-145
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    • 2009
  • Recently, due to the globalization of the IT(Information Technology) market, devices and systems designed in one country are used in other countries as well. This phenomenon is becoming the key factor for increased interest on cross-cultural, or cross-national, research within the IT area. However, as the IT market is becoming bigger and more globalized, a great number of IT practitioners are having difficulty in designing and developing devices or systems which can provide optimal experience. This is because not only tangible factors such as language and a country's economic or industrial power affect the user experience of a certain device or system but also invisible and intangible factors as well. Among such invisible and intangible factors, the cultural characteristics of users from different countries may affect the user experience of certain devices or systems because cultural characteristics affect how they understand and interpret the devices or systems. In other words, when users evaluate the quality of overall user experience, the cultural characteristics of each user act as a perceptual lens that leads the user to focus on a certain elements of experience. Therefore, there is a need within the IT field to consider cultural characteristics when designing or developing certain devices or systems and plan a strategy for localization. In such an environment, existing IS studies identify the culture with the country, emphasize the importance of culture in a national level perspective, and hypothesize that users within the same country have same cultural characteristics. Under such assumptions, these studies focus on the moderating effects of cultural characteristics on a national level within a certain theoretical framework. This has already been suggested by cross-cultural studies conducted by scholars such as Hofstede(1980) in providing numerical research results and measurement items for cultural characteristics and using such results or items as they increase the efficiency of studies. However, such national level culture has its limitations in forecasting and explaining individual-level behaviors such as voluntary device or system usage. This is because individual cultural characteristics are the outcome of not only the national culture but also the culture of a race, company, local area, family, and other groups that are formulated through interaction within the group. Therefore, national or nationally dominant cultural characteristics may have its limitations in forecasting and explaining the cultural characteristics of an individual. Moreover, past studies in psychology suggest a possibility that there exist different cultural characteristics within a single individual depending on the subject being measured or its context. For example, in relation to individual vs. collective characteristics, which is one of the major cultural characteristics, an individual may show collectivistic characteristics when he or she is with family or friends but show individualistic characteristics in his or her workplace. Therefore, this study acknowledged such limitations of past studies and conducted a research within the framework of 'theoretically integrated model of user satisfaction and emotional attachment', which was developed through a former study, on how the effects of different experience elements on emotional attachment or user satisfaction are differentiated depending on the individual cultural characteristics related to a system or device usage. In order to do this, this study hypothesized the moderating effects of four cultural dimensions (uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs, collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, and power distance) as suggested by Hofstede(1980) within the theoretically integrated model of emotional attachment and user satisfaction. Statistical tests were then implemented on these moderating effects through conducting surveys with users of four digital devices (mobile phone, MP3 player, LCD TV, and refrigerator) in three countries (US, Germany, and Russia). In order to explain and forecast the behavior of personal device or system users, individual cultural characteristics must be measured, and depending on the target device or system, measurements must be measured independently. Through this suggestion, this study hopes to provide new and useful perspectives for future IS research.

스마트폰 위치기반 어플리케이션의 이용의도에 영향을 미치는 요인: 프라이버시 계산 모형의 적용 (Factors Influencing the Adoption of Location-Based Smartphone Applications: An Application of the Privacy Calculus Model)

  • 차훈상
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.7-29
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    • 2012
  • Smartphone and its applications (i.e. apps) are increasingly penetrating consumer markets. According to a recent report from Korea Communications Commission, nearly 50% of mobile subscribers in South Korea are smartphone users that accounts for over 25 million people. In particular, the importance of smartphone has risen as a geospatially-aware device that provides various location-based services (LBS) equipped with GPS capability. The popular LBS include map and navigation, traffic and transportation updates, shopping and coupon services, and location-sensitive social network services. Overall, the emerging location-based smartphone apps (LBA) offer significant value by providing greater connectivity, personalization, and information and entertainment in a location-specific context. Conversely, the rapid growth of LBA and their benefits have been accompanied by concerns over the collection and dissemination of individual users' personal information through ongoing tracking of their location, identity, preferences, and social behaviors. The majority of LBA users tend to agree and consent to the LBA provider's terms and privacy policy on use of location data to get the immediate services. This tendency further increases the potential risks of unprotected exposure of personal information and serious invasion and breaches of individual privacy. To address the complex issues surrounding LBA particularly from the user's behavioral perspective, this study applied the privacy calculus model (PCM) to explore the factors that influence the adoption of LBA. According to PCM, consumers are engaged in a dynamic adjustment process in which privacy risks are weighted against benefits of information disclosure. Consistent with the principal notion of PCM, we investigated how individual users make a risk-benefit assessment under which personalized service and locatability act as benefit-side factors and information privacy risks act as a risk-side factor accompanying LBA adoption. In addition, we consider the moderating role of trust on the service providers in the prohibiting effects of privacy risks on user intention to adopt LBA. Further we include perceived ease of use and usefulness as additional constructs to examine whether the technology acceptance model (TAM) can be applied in the context of LBA adoption. The research model with ten (10) hypotheses was tested using data gathered from 98 respondents through a quasi-experimental survey method. During the survey, each participant was asked to navigate the website where the experimental simulation of a LBA allows the participant to purchase time-and-location sensitive discounted tickets for nearby stores. Structural equations modeling using partial least square validated the instrument and the proposed model. The results showed that six (6) out of ten (10) hypotheses were supported. On the subject of the core PCM, H2 (locatability ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) and H3 (privacy risks ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) were supported, while H1 (personalization ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) was not supported. Further, we could not any interaction effects (personalization X privacy risks, H4 & locatability X privacy risks, H5) on the intention to use LBA. In terms of privacy risks and trust, as mentioned above we found the significant negative influence from privacy risks on intention to use (H3), but positive influence from trust, which supported H6 (trust ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA). The moderating effect of trust on the negative relationship between privacy risks and intention to use LBA was tested and confirmed by supporting H7 (privacy risks X trust ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA). The two hypotheses regarding to the TAM, including H8 (perceived ease of use ${\rightarrow}$ perceived usefulness) and H9 (perceived ease of use ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) were supported; however, H10 (perceived effectiveness ${\rightarrow}$ intention to use LBA) was not supported. Results of this study offer the following key findings and implications. First the application of PCM was found to be a good analysis framework in the context of LBA adoption. Many of the hypotheses in the model were confirmed and the high value of $R^2$ (i.,e., 51%) indicated a good fit of the model. In particular, locatability and privacy risks are found to be the appropriate PCM-based antecedent variables. Second, the existence of moderating effect of trust on service provider suggests that the same marginal change in the level of privacy risks may differentially influence the intention to use LBA. That is, while the privacy risks increasingly become important social issues and will negatively influence the intention to use LBA, it is critical for LBA providers to build consumer trust and confidence to successfully mitigate this negative impact. Lastly, we could not find sufficient evidence that the intention to use LBA is influenced by perceived usefulness, which has been very well supported in most previous TAM research. This may suggest that more future research should examine the validity of applying TAM and further extend or modify it in the context of LBA or other similar smartphone apps.

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시스템의 도입과 전유 과정에 영향을 미치는 제도적 압력에 관한 연구: 병원조직의 모바일 전자의무기록 시스템을 대상으로 (A Study on the Effects of the Institutional Pressure on the Process of Implementation and Appropriation of System: M-EMRS in Hospital Organization)

  • 이준기;신호경;최희재
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.95-116
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    • 2009
  • Increasingly the institutional theory has been an important theoretical view of decision making process and IT adoption in many academic researches. This study used the institutional theory as a lens through which we can understand the factors that enable the effective appropriation of advanced information technology. It posits that mimetic, coercive, and normative pressures existing in an institutionalized environment could influence the participation of top managers or decision makers and the involvement of users toward an effective use of IT in their tasks. Since the introduction of IT, organizational members have been using IT in their daily tasks, creating and recreating rules and resources according to their own methods and needs. That is to say, the adaptation process of the IT and outcomes are different among organizations. The previous studies on a diverse use of IT refer to the appropriation of technology from the social technology view. Users appropriate IT through not only technology itself, but also in terms of how they use it or how they make the social practice in their use of it. In this study, the concepts of institutional pressure, appropriation, participation of decision makers, and involvement of users toward the appropriation are explored in the context of the appropriation of the mobile electronic medical record system (M-EMRS) in particularly a hospital setting. Based on the conceptual definition of institutional pressure, participation and involvement, operational measures are reconstructed. Furthermore, the concept of appropriation is measured in the aspect of three sub-constructs-consensus on appropriation, faithful appropriation, and attitude of use. Grounded in the relevant theories to appropriation of IT, we developed a research framework in which the effects of institutional pressure, participation and involvement on the appropriation of IT are analyzed. Within this theoretical framework, we formulated several hypotheses. We developed a second order institutional pressure and appropriation construct. After establishing its validity and reliability, we tested the hypotheses with empirical data from 101 users in 3 hospitals which had adopted and used the M-EMRS. We examined the mediating effect of the participation of decision makers and the involvement of users on the appropriation and empirically validated their relationships. The results show that the mimetic, coercive, and normative institutional pressure has an effect on the participation of decision makers and the involvement of users in the appropriation of IT while the participation of decision makers and the involvement of users have an effect on the appropriation of IT. The results also suggest that the institutional pressure and the participation of decision makers influence the involvement of users toward an appropriation of IT. Our results emphasize the mediating effect of the institutional pressure on the appropriation of IT. Namely, the higher degree of the participation of decision makers and the involvement of users, the more effective appropriation users will represent. These results provide strong support for institutional-based variables as predictors of appropriation. These findings also indicate that organizations should focus on the role of participation of decision makers and the involvement of users for the purpose of effective appropriation, and these are the practical implications of our study. The theoretical contribution of this study is lies in the integrated model of the effect of institutional pressure on the appropriation of IT. The results are consistent with the institutional theory and support previous studies on adaptive structuration theory.

Kano 모델 및 가중 PCSI를 통한 서비스품질 개선에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Service Quality Improvement by Kano Model & Weighted Potential Customer Satisfaction Index)

  • 김상철
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2010
  • 은행의 고객만족 및 서비스 품질을 통한 경쟁력 강화를 위해 은행에 대한 품질요인을 '과정품질(process quality)', '결과품질(outcome quality)', 그리고 '서비스 환경품질(service quality)'의 세차원으로 나누어 분석하였다. 서비스 품질에 대한 분류는 Kano의 품질분류 모델을 이용하였으며 고객만족 개선을 위한 고객만족 지수를 산출하였다. 고객만족 지수의 산출은 기존에 사용하던 잠재적 고객만족 개선지수(PCSI Index)의 한계를 보완하여 가중 잠재적 고객만족 개선지수(WPCSI)를 이용하였다. 가중 잠재적 고객만족 개선지수(WPCSI)는 본 연구에서 제시한 방법으로 고객들이 인식하는 품질요인에 대한 중요성을 고려한 지수이다. 연구결과 '직원의 업무처리 능력', '원하는 서비스를 제공받은 정도', '직원이 업무를 신속하게 처리하는 정도'의 품질특성 요인이 고객에게 충족될 경우 만족도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, '직원들의 상품설명에 대한 적극성', '서비스 환경이 전반적으로 아름다운 정도'는 충족과 만족간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않고 있음을 확인할 수 있다.

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