• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.163-166
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• 2004

모바일향 90nm DRAM을 개발하기 위하여 비대칭 채널 구조를 갖는 Recess Channel Array Transistor (RCAT)로 cell transistor를 구현하였다. DRAM cell transistor에서 junction leakage current 증가는 DRAM retention time 열화에 심각한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 알려져 있으며, DRAM의 minimum feature size가 점점 감소함에 따라 short channel effect의 영향으로 junction leakage current는 더욱 더 증가하게 된다. 본 실험에서는 short channel effect의 영향에 의한 junction leakage current를 감소시키기 위하여 Recess Channel Array Transistor를 도입하였고, cell transistor의 채널 영역을 비대칭으로 형성하여 data retention time을 증가시켰다. 비대칭 채널 구조을 이용하여 Recess Channel Array Transistor를 구현한 결과, sub-threshold 특성과 문턱전압, Body effect, 그리고, GIDL 특성에는 큰 유의차가 보이지 않았고, I-V특성인 드레인 포화전류(IDS)는 대칭 채널 구조인 transistor 대비 24.8% 정도 증가하였다. 그리고, data retention time은 2배 정도 증가하였다. 본 실험에서 얻은 결과는 향후 저전압 DRAM 개발과 응용에 상당한 기여를 할 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 2013

This study was conducted to determine the content of 7 mycotoxins (aflatoxin $B_1$, $B_2$, $G_1$, $G_2$, $M_1$, ochratoxin A and zearalenone) using LC-MS/MS in pork available on the Korean markets. The analysis was carried out using following conditions; C18 column ($2.1{\times}100mm$, $1.7{\mu}m$), mobile phase composed of $H_2O$ (0.1 mM $NH_4Ac$ 0.01% HCOOH) : Methanol (0.1 mM $NH_4Ac$ 0.01% HCOOH), binary pump at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and $2{\mu}L$ of injection volume, MS/MS detector with ESI positive and negative mode. The quantication of mycotoxins was based on matrix-matched calibration curves with a correlation coefficient in excess of 0.99 for the 7 mycotoxins. The dectection limits were ranged 0.74~2.13 ng/g, with mean recoveries between 73.10~97.46% except aflatoxin $B_1$ (61.31%). We also monitored mycotoxin residues in 208 pork samples. The test results, mycotoxins were not found except one sample. Ochratoxin A in one sample of the test samples was detected below the quantification limit.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 2011

A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for simultaneous determination of two major flavonoid glycosides (poncirin and nanringin) in Poncirus trifoliata Raf. by different harvesting times and locations for two years. A SunFire $C_{18}$ column (4.6 mm${\times}$250 mm, 5 ${\mu}M$) was used at $40^{\circ}C$ for the determination of poncirin and naringin. The mobile phase using gradient flow consisted of two solvent systems. Solvent A was 1.0% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid and solvent B was acetonitrile with 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid. Flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and injection volume was 10 ${\mu}l$. The chromatogram was monitored by photodiode array (PDA) detection at 280 nm for the identification of two flavonoid glycosides in P. trifoliata. The contents of the two components in P. trifoliata ranged from 0.32~13.02%.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.11C no.6 s.95
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• pp.835-842
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• 2004

In this paper, we have analyzed the MC-DS/CDMA system with input signal synchronized completely through adjustment of the gain in the PLL loop, by using the hybrid SC/MRC-(2/3) technique, which is said to one of the optimal diversity techniques under the multi-path fading environment, assuming that phase error is defined to the phase difference between the received signal from the multi-path and the reference signal in the PLL of the receiver. Also, assuming that the regarded radio channel model for the mobile communication is subject to the Nakagami-m fading channel, we have developed the expressions and performed the simulation under the consideration of various factor, in the MC/DS-CDMA system with the hybrid SC.MRC-(2/3) diversity method, such as the Nakagami fading index(m), $the\;number\;of\;paths\;(L_p),$ the number of hybrid SC.MRC-(2/3) $diversity\;branches\;(L,\;L_c),$ the number of users (K), the number of subcarriers (U), and the gain in the PLL loop. As a result of the simulation, it has been confirmed that the performance improvement of the system can be achieved by adjusting properly the PLL loop in order for the MC/DS-CDMA system with the hybrid SC/MRC-(2/3) diversity method to receive a fully synchronized signal. And the value of the gain in the PLL loop should exceed 7dB in order for the system to receive the signal with prefect synchronization, even though there might be a slight difference according to the values of the fading index and the spread processing gain of the subcarrier.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2000

Preferential flow has recently been the subject of increasing interest because these phenomena contribute to solute transport in soils. Commonly, preferential flow paths are associated with macropores or highly structured soils. We presented an analysis of the measured breakthrough curves (BTCs) of $Cl^-$ and $Cu^{2+}$ ions to test the occurrence of preferential flow in soils using miscible displacement technique under steady flow conditions. We also analyzed soil water retention curves and from this curves induced cumulative pore size distribution of undisturbed soils, which sampled from Ap1, B1, and C horizons of Songjeong series soils (the fine loamy, mesic family of Typic Hapludults). In this study, miscible displacement experiment on C horizon was excluded, because it is structureless sandy loam with saturated hydraulic conductivity of $5.2cmhr^{-1}$. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of Ap1 horizon was $2.0cmhr^{-1}$, which was about 7 times higher than that of B1 horizon ($0.27cm hr^{-1}$). Cumulative pore size distribution predicted that Ap1 horizon had more macropores (pore diameter larger than $49{\mu}m$, equivalent to -6 kpa of soil matric potential) than B1 horizon. The hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient from chloride BTCs was estimated as $1.3cm^2hr^{-1}$ for B1 and $34cm^2hr^{-1}$ for Ap1 horizon. However the retardation factors of B1 and Ap1 horizon were significantly different, i.e. 1 and 0.6, respectively, which means that there was distinct partition between mobile water and immobile phase in Ap1 horizon. The copper retardation effect of Ap1 horizon was less than that of B1 horizon, even though cation exchange capacity of Ap1 horizon was higher than that of B1 horizon. Thus, breakthrough curves of $Cl^-$ and $Cu^{2+}$ obviously showed the probability that preferential flow would occur in Ap1 horizon.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.148-154
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to select compounds for the standardization of fermented Kalopanax pictus Nakai (KP-F), to develop the analysis method using HPLC-PDA and to perform method validation. KP-F is a fermented powder developed to improve the original physiological activities and create a new functionality. Eleutheroside E, Acanthoside B, and Syringaresinol were selected as the standard compounds and developed our own method for simultaneous analysis. The analyte was isolated using C18 column with a gradient elution of 0.05 M phosphoric acid in water and methanol as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and detected at 210 nm. As a result, all standard compounds showed good linearity with an $R^2$ (coefficient of correlation) of 1.000 and for the limit of detection range of $0.710{\sim}0.831{\mu}g/mL$, and the limit of quantification as $2.150{\sim}2.520{\mu}g/mL$. The precision was RSD (%) of less than 4.80%, while the accuracy was 4.70%>RSD (%) for the range 102.44~110.48%. In conclusion, the developed analysis method is suitable for the detection of Eleutheroside E, Acanthoside B, and Syringaresinol in KP-F.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.19 no.3 s.87
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

본 고에서는 차세대 이동통신 중 특히 무선전송과 관련한 표준화 및 국내외 기술개발 동향을 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 IMT-2000 규격 표준화를 위해 설립된 3GPP와 3GPP2의 동향을 먼저 살펴보고, 다음으로 북미의 LAN/MAN 표준화 단체인 IEEE 802와, IMT-2000 진화 시스템 및 B3G 시스템 연구를 진행중인 ITU-R WP8F의 활동을 소개한다. 또한 차세대 이동통신 관련 기술에 대한 연구와 표준화 준비를 위해 설립된 포럼들, 즉 유럽 중심의 WWRF, 일본의 mITF, 한국의 GMC 포럼 등의 현황을 살펴보고, 마지막으로 북미, 유럽, 일본 및 중국 등 외국과 국내의 차세대 이동통신 기술개발 동향을 소개한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.35D no.5
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• pp.40-47
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• 1998

This paper report sthe design, fabrication and characterization of an AlGaAs/GaAs HBT (heterojunction bipolar transistor) with an air-bridge isolation structure which is made to improve high frequency characteristics for the application to the mobile communication system in the next genration. We found that the size, shape and structure of HBT have an effect on the high frequency operation. The measured dc and ac characteristics of the four type HBTs were compared and analyzed. An E-type HBT with an air-bridge structure by undercut etching exhibited .beta.=56, $V_{off-set}$ = 0.3 V, B $V_{CEO}$=7.0V with $f_{T}$=40 GHz and $f_{max}$=45GHz at a collector current density of 7.1*10$^{4}$ A/c $m^{2}$.>.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.33-41
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• 2011

모바일 단말 전자결제서비스는 이동전화단말에서 신용카드 등 금융서비스를 제공하는 것을 의미한다. 그러나 모바일 단말 전자결제는 서비스 종류 및 인프라 한계로 활성화되지 못하고 있는 상황이다. 모바일 단말 금융결제를 위해서는 RFID 기반 USIM, 단말, 결제기가 필요한데, 현재 RFID 기반 금융 USIM 용량제한(144KB)으로 서비스 확장이 곤란하며 특히 인프라(단말, 결제기 등) 구축이 미흡한 상황이다. 모바일 단말 금융결제 활성화를 위해서는 이동통신사 USIM을 국제규격인 NFC로 표준화, 범용성 및 규모의 경제 확보, 모든 국산단말에서 금융결제가 가능하도록 콤비 또는 NFC 등 RF 기능 탑재의무화, 전국에 보급된 카드결제기에 RF 탑재 추진 등이 필요하다. 본 고에서는 모바일 단말 전자결제서비스의 활성화 방안을 제시하고 이의 기대효과를 분석한다.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.99-110
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• 2008

3차원 입체 영상은 기존의 2차원 평면 영상과는 달리 사람이 보고 느끼는 실제 영상과 유사하여 시각정보의 질적 수준을 몇 차원 향상시키는 새로운 개념의 실감 영상 미디어이다. 3차원 영상단말기 기술은 멀티미디어의 기술발전을 기반으로 하여 통신, 방송, 신호처리 등 다른 분야의 기술들이 모두 집약되어 있다. 방송의 경우 현재 DMB, DVB-H 및 FLO와 같은 모바일 방송 시스템을 통해서 3차원 TV 서비스가 가능하고 기존 이동 통신망이나 와이브로 또는 와이맥스 망을 통해서도 3차원 서비스의 제공이 가능하다. 본 고에서는 3차원 서비스의 제공이 가능한 모바일 방송 및 통신 시스템과 관련된 국내.국제 기술 동향을 소개하고자 한다.