• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.28-34
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• 2006

In general engineering problems, the purpose of an optimization is to get optimal design variables. It is the same problem to fix the total amount of the design variables and to judge the optimal mixing proportions of the design variables. That is to say, we can recompose the engineering problems in the concepts of the mixture amount experiments. The goal of mixture amount method is to get the response surfaces of varying both the mixing proportion of component and the total amount of the mixture. The solution of the aircraft fuselage optimization problem is obtained by the mixture amount method and genetic algorithm. In this study, it is shown that the mixture amount method can be utilized for the aircraft structural optimization problem. Also, this method in this study can be applied for the optimization problems over 12 design variables which is impossible for D-optimal design.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.5-12
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• 2010

Soil mixture using bentonite as a cutoff material is used a lot for various structures such as landfills, banks and dams as cutoff materials. But seepage water is expected to seep since shear failure of filter layer occurs due to external load, embankment load when constructed. Generally, only coefficient of permeability of Soil Mixture is considered irrespective of the changes of intensity on amount of additives. This research is to study on how the changes of amount of bentonite affects permeability and strength of soil mixture. So successive experiments for measuring permeability and strength were conducted as the amount of bentonite changes from 0 to 4%, mixing with the bed material and then making specimens. Around construction site of B dam. As a result, 2.085E-07 cm/sec was shown when the amount of Soil Mixture was 4%. It is proved that unconfined compressive strength and tensile strength increase as the amount of bentonite increases, but saturation shear strength of bentonite soil mixture from the CD experiment is hardly influenced by the amount of bentonite.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 1983

This study has examined on the effect for the fitting in porcelain body of MgO-SiO system. The mixture was made of correponding in the theoretical composition of enstatite with Kyul Sung Talc and sea water magnesia cake. Hyup Jin Kaolin as clay minerals to give the mixture plasticity was added 10% by weight of the mixture. Feldspar was added inv various kinds of 1%-20% by weight of the above mixture. After the physical properties and microstructures were carefully examined the following results were obtained. 1. The addition amount of feldspar should generally be from 5% to 10% by weight of the mixture to be good for the properties of the strength and the range of the firing temperature. 2. The 5% addition amount of feldspar was good for the apparent bulk density. 3. 5% and 10% additions showed up stably excellant with respect to the various properties Therefore when we considered the apparent bulk density and the thermal shock resistance 5% addition amount of feldspar showed the most excellant properties between $1350^{\circ}C$ and $1400^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.3-9
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• 2015

In this study, hydration properties of ordinary Portland cement were examined, shown from a limestone and blast furnace slag alone or their mixture up to 10% as a minor mineral additives. As of setting time, it was identified that final setting became faster as the amount of limestone mixture increased, which showed limestone accelerated early hydration faster than blast furnace slag. This is because limestone did accelerate the hydration of alite. At the age of 3 days, limestone 5%-blast furnace slag 5% mixture had the highest compressive strength of mortar. It is because hydration acceleration of alite by limestone, and $Ca(OH)_2$ that was additionally formed by hydration acceleration of alite reacted with blast furnace slag, and as a result, additionally created C-S-H hydrate. Regarding the hydration properties by the age of 7 and 28 days, limestone 3%-blast furnace slag 7% of composited mixture showed the largest compressive strength, and in comparison with the 3 days in curing age. This period is when hydration reaction of blast furnace slag is active and the amount of hydrate depends on the amount of blast furnace slag mixture more than that of the limestone mixture. And in order to vitalize hydration reaction of blast furnace slag the amount of $Ca(OH)_2$ created has to increase, and thus, a small amount of limestone is necessary that can accelerate the hydration of alite. Therefore, after the age of 7 days, the fact that there were a large amount of blast furnace slag mixture and small amount of limestone mixture was effective to the strength development of ordinary Portland cement.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.20-24
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• 1961

The present experiment was conducted to investigate the rate of oxygen consumption in relation to the several amino acids in the Mang-Kong frog ,Gallula tornieri VOGT. 1. When the liver tissue was suspended in the Ringer's solution (0.85% NaCl), the amount of oxygen consumption per hour was 0.043$\mu$l/mg , whereas when it was suspended in M/15, pH 5.8 phosphate buffer the oxygen consumption reached 0.93$\mu$l/mg. 2. When 0.5ml of 1% alanine and 0.5ml of 0.5% arginine were used as respiratory material the amount of oxygen consumption increased remarkably, while on the other hand glycine showed little influence on the amount of oxygen consumption. 3. When 0.5ml of 0.1% , 0.5% alanine-arginine mixture, 0.5ml of 0.1% , 0.5% alanine-glycine mixture and 0.5ml of 1 % arginine-glycine were added the oxygen consumption in the liver tissue increased somewhat in comparison to the case in which single amino acid was used. 4. Glycine appeared to have influence on the respiration of the liver tissue but the amount of oxygen consumption increased as the concentration of arginine-glycine mixture increased, whereas the rate of oxygen consumption increased remarkably as alaninie-glycine mixture decreased. It was evidenced that in the combination of alanine-arginine the rate of oxygen consumption increased as the concentration of the mixture decreased and vice versa.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.90-97
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• 2000

In this study, the variation of unit weight and unconfined compressive strength were investigated, calcium carbonate, quicklime, portland cement, 19mm length monofilaments and fibrillated fiber were used as reinforcement materials. And calcium chloride was added to cement and calcium carbonate reinforced soil mixture in order to accelerate setting and hardening speed. It appears that unit weight is highest in calcium carbonate reinforced soil mixture with mixing rate of 9%. According to increasing the amount of fiber in soil mixture, the unit weight decreased. It shows that the more the amount of monofilament fiber is added in soil mixture, the higher the compressive strength is, but the compressive strength is decreased in fibrillated fibrillated fiber added soil mixture with more than 1.0% of mixing rate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 1999.10c
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• pp.239-244
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• 1999

In this study , the variation of dry density and unconfined compressive strength were investigated, calcium carbonate, quicklime, portland cement, 19mm monofilaments and fibrilllated fibers were used as reinforcement materials. And calcium chloride was added to cement and calcium carbonate reinforced soil mixture in order to accelerate setting and hardening speed. It appears that dry density is highest in calcium carbonate reinforced soil mixture with 9% of mixing rae. According to increasing the amount of fibers, in soil mixture , the dry density decreased. The more the amount of monofilament fibers is the higher the compressive strength. But the compressive strength is decreased in fibrrillated fiber added soil mixture with more than 1.0% of mixing rate.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.57-71
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• 1985

The characteristics of compaction and unconfined compressive strength were investigated by mixing with lime to all soils adjusted by given percentages of two kinds of clays to sand to obtain the most effective distribution of grain size and the optimum lime content for soil stabilization. In addition, unconfined compressive strength and durability tested by adding of sodium metasilicate, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium gydroxide and magnesium oxide to lime-soil mixture mixed with 8 percent lime to adjusted soil having the mixing percentage of 60 percent of cohesive black clay and 40 percent of sand by weight to get the effect and the optimum content of chemicals. The results obtained were as follows; 1.With the addition of more lime, the optimum moisture content was increased, and the maximum dry density was decreased, whereas the more the amount of clay and the less was the maximum drt density. 2. In the soil having more fine grain size the unconfined compressive strength was larger in the earlier stage of curing period, in accordance with the longer period, the mixing percentages of sand to clay showing the maximum unconfined compressive strength, on the basis of 28-day strength, were 60% : 40% (black clay) and 40% : 60% (brown clay) respectively. 3. The reason why the soil adjusted with black clay was remarkably bigger in the unconfined compressive strength than ones adjusted with brown clay for all specimen of lime-soil mixture was the difference in the kind of clay, the amount of chemical compositions the value of pH. Black clay was mainly composed of halloysite that reacted with lime satisfactorily, whereas the main composition of brown clay was kaolinite that was less effect in the enhance of unconfined compressive strength. Also the difference of unconfined compressive strength was because black clay was larger in the amount of composition of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the value of pH affecting directly on the unconfined compressive strength of lime-soil mixture than brown clay. 4. In the lime-soil mixture mixed with 8 percent of lime to soil that mixing percentage of sand to black clay was 60% : 40%, on the standard of 7-day strength, the effect of chemical was arranged in the order of magnesium oxide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and sodium metasilicate. 5. The optimum amount of chemical being applicable to the maximum unconfined compressive strength of lime-chemical-soil mixture was 1 percent by weight for air dry soil in the case of adding sodium carbonated and 0.75 percent on sodium hydroxide, the unconfined compressive strength was increased continuously with increase of the amount of chemical up to 2 percent of chemical content is the lime-chemical-soil mixture added sodium metasilicate, sodium sulfate and magnesium oxide. 6. It was considered that the chemical played and accelerant role of early revelation of strength because the rate of increase of unconfined compressive strength of all of lime-chemical-soil mixtures was largest on the 7-day cured specimen. 7. The effect of test on freezing and thawing after adding suitable amount of chemical on the lime-soil mixture mixed with 8 percent of lime to soil that mixing percentage of sand to black clay was 60% : 40% was arranged in the order of magnesium oxide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium metasilicate and sodium hydroxide.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of pasture types(mixture and mono tall fescue pasture) and endophyte infection on the animal behavior of Korean native cattle at the Experimental Field of Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Livestock Research Institute, Suweon, in 1994. The results obtained are sumunarized as follows: DM intake of Korean native cattle was increased with mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue for both pasture types. Mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue showed good animal preference. Daily grazing time was increased with mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue in monoculture, while annual grazing period was increased with monoculture and endophyte-infect tall fescue. Amount of drinking water of Korean native cattle was increased with tall fescue monoculture rather than mixture, however the amount of drinking water was higher with endophyte-infect tall fescue in monoculture. Salt intake of Korean native cattle was increased with mixture and endophyte-6ee tall fescue in monoculture. Rectal temperature of Korean native cattle was not influenced by pasture types and endophyte infection. Based on the results of this experiment, DM intake of Korean native cattle and daily grazing time were increased by mixture and endophyte-free tall fescue with good quality.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.413-424
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• 2010

Mixture experiments involve combining ingredients or components of a mixture and the response is a function of the proportions of ingredients which is independent of the total amount of a mixture. The purpose of the mixture experiments is to find the optimum blending at which responses such as the flavor and acceptability are maximized. We assume the quadratic or special cubic canonical polynomial model over the experimental region for a mixture since the current mixture is assumed to be located in the neighborhood of the optimal mixture. The cost of the mixture is proportional to the cost of the ingredients of the mixture and is the linear function of the proportions of the ingredients. In this paper, we propose mixture response surface methods to develop a mixture such that the cost is down more than ten percent as well as mean responses are as good as those from the current mixture. The proposed methods are illustrated with the well known the flare experimental data described by McLean and Anderson(1966).