• Title/Summary/Keyword: Mixing characteristics

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Numerical Investigation of the Flow and Mixing Characteristics with the Static Mixer in a Catalytic Combustor for the MCFC Power Plant System (MCFC 발전시스템 적용 촉매연소기의 혼합 특성 향상을 위한 Static Mixer의 유동에 관한 수치적 연구)

  • Kim, Chong-Min;Park, Nam-Seob;Kim, Man-Young
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.149-155
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    • 2009
  • In this work a numerical study to find the characteristics of the internal flow and mixing process has been conducted in a static mixer used in the system of catalytic combustor of the fuel cell power plant. After introducing the model description and final governing equations the present numerical approach is applied to the analysis of static mixer, which may have one or more helical elements inside the circular tube by changing such various parameters as incoming mass flow rates and the number of helical elements. The results show that although the static mixer is efficient in mixing fuel and air, more optimization processes are required to achieve the appropriate mixing characteristics in front of the honeycomb type catalytic combustor used in the MCFC power plant

Development of reference materials for cement paste

  • Lee, Dong Kyu;Choi, Myoung Sung
    • Advances in concrete construction
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.547-556
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    • 2020
  • This study aimed to develop reference materials (RMs) that are chemically stable and can simulate the flow characteristics of cement paste. To this end, the candidate components of RMs were selected considering the currently required properties of RMs. Limestone, slag, silica, and kaolin were selected as substitutes for cement, while glycerol and corn syrup were selected as matrix fluids. Moreover, distilled water was used for mixing. To select the combinations of materials that meet all the required properties of RMs, flow characteristics were first analyzed. The results revealed that silica and kaolin exhibited bilateral nonlinearity. When an analysis was conducted over time, slag exhibited chemical reactions, including strength development. Moreover, fungi were observed in all mixtures with corn syrup. On the other hand, the combination of limestone, glycerol, and water exhibited a performance that met all the required properties of RMs. Thus, limestone, glycerol, and water were selected as the components of the RMs. When the influence of each component of the RMs on flow characteristics was analyzed, it was found that limestone affects the yield value, while the ratio of water and glycerol affects the plastic viscosity. Based on this, it was possible to select the mixing ratios for the RMs that can simulate the flow characteristics of cement paste under each mixing ratio. This relationship was established as an equation, which was verified under various mixing ratios. Finally, when the flow characteristics were analyzed under various temperature conditions, cement paste and the RMs exhibited similar tendencies in terms of flow characteristics. This indicated that the combinations of the selected materials could be used as RMs that can simulate the flow characteristics of cement paste with constant quality under various mixing ratio conditions and construction environment conditions.

Effects of Mixing Characteristics at Fracture Intersections on Network-Scale Solute Transport

  • 박영진;이강근
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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    • 2000.11a
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    • pp.69-73
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    • 2000
  • We systematically analyze the influence of fracture junction, solute transfer characteristics on transport patterns in discrete, two-dimensional fracture network models. Regular lattices and random fracture networks with power-law length distributions are considered in conjunction with particle tracking methods. Solute transfer probabilities at fracture junctions are determined from analytical considerations and from simple complete mixing and streamline routing models. For regular fracture networks, mixing conditions at fracture junctions are always dominated by either complete mixing or streamline routing end member cases. Moreover bulk transport properties such as the spreading and the dilution of solute are highly sensitive to the mixing rule. However in power-law length networks there is no significant difference in bulk transport properties, as calculated by assuming either of the two extreme mixing rules. This apparent discrepancy between the effects of mixing properties at fracture junctions in regular and random fracture networks is explained by the statistics of the coordination number and of the flow conditions at fracture intersections. We suggest that the influence of mixing rules on bulk solute transport could be important in systematic orthogonal fracture networks but insignificant in random networks.

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The Study on the Effects of Mixer Configurations on Fluid Mixing Characteristics in SCR Systems (SCR 시스템의 믹서 구조 특성에 따른 유동 혼합 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Seo, Jin-Won;Lee, Kyu-Ik;Oh, Jeong-Taek;Choi, Yun-Ho;Lee, Jong-Hwa;Park, Jin-Il
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.192-199
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    • 2008
  • The key issues for the reduction technologies of the exhaust gas from diesel engine being developed are to reduce particulate matters and NOx. The SCR system is known to be one of the most efficient and stable technologies to remove NOx through the mixing of NOx and urea solution. In the present research, the effects of mixer configurations of SCR system have been investigated to enhance the SCR performance. First, a Schlieren technique is employed to visualize the mixing characteristics of urea solution and exhaust gas. The results show that a mixer is essential to obtain proper fluid mixing. In addition, numerical studies have been made to understand the mixing characteristics through the comparison of the mal-distribution index of concentration at the several locations of the diffuser. In particular, the effects of number of blade and mixer angles on mixing characteristics were studied. The results show that the blade angle has a larger effect on the mixing characteristics than the number of blades.

The Fuel Spray Structure of High Pressure Gasoline Injector in a Constant Volume Chamber (정적챔버내의 고압 가솔린 인젝터의 연료분무구조)

  • 귄의용;조남효
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.10-17
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    • 2000
  • This work presents an investigation of aerodynamic characteristics of fuel spray injected from a high pressure hollow cone swirl injector into a constant volume chamber. Laser tomography visualization was used to interrogate the fuel and air mixing characteristics and the effect of chamber pressure and temperature increase was analyzed, Preliminary results on spray development showed that mixing effect tends to increase with the increase of injection pressure and chamber gas pressure yielding a decrease of spray penetration and an attenuation of well-defined vortex structure. Topological analysis of the spray structure has been performed to initiate the understanding of mixing and vaporization process. For the present experimental conditions fuel injection pressure and chamber gas pressure appear as the dominant factors which govern the transient mixing characteristics. Moreover spray atmixation characteristics are improved by increasing chamber gas temperature.

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Characteristics of Mixing and Coagulation in an Inline Coagulant Mixing System (인라인 응집제 혼화시스템의 혼화 및 응집특성)

  • Yang, Hei-Cheon;Park, Sang-Kyoo;Wang, Seung-Ho
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2007.05b
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    • pp.3139-3143
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    • 2007
  • The objective of this paper was to investigate the mixing characteristics of an three-stage inline coagulant mixing system experimentally. Wastewater samples of pH 8.5 and initial turbidity 1,000NTU were taken from a site of tunneling work. At the constant dosage, 0.36mL/L, of polymer as coagulant aids, the coagulation efficiency with the dosage of PAC as coagulant was about 4${\sim}$6% at 10 minutes after sampling. In the case of 2 different velocity gradient conditions, the efficiency of turbidity removal was increased about 6.5${\sim}$8% with increasing the dosage of coagulant while, the efficiency was increased about 20${\sim}$21.5% with increasing the dosage of coagulant aids. The efficiency of turbidity removal with the settling time after sampling was about 90% after 1 minute, and the efficiency was about 95% after 5 minutes.

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A Study on the GMA Welding Characteristics of Al5083-O Aluminum Alloy According to the Shield Gas Mixing Ratio and Heat Input (Al5083-O 알루미늄합금의 보호가스 혼합비율 및 입열량에 따른 GMA용접 특성에 관한 연구)

  • 정재강;양훈승;이동길
    • Journal of Welding and Joining
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.65-70
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    • 2002
  • This study was to evaluate GMA welding characteristics of the A15083-O aluminum alloy according to the shield gas mixing ratio and heat input change. The GMA welding of the base metal was carried out with flour different shield gas mixing ratios(Ar100%+He0%, Ar67%+He33%, Ar50%+He50%, and Ar33%+He67%). Regarding the if1uence on the bead shape of the shield gas mixing ratio and heat input, the bead width was greatest in Ar100%+He0% mixture. But the penetration depth and area were greatest in Ar33%+He67% mixture considering that the lower Ax gas ratio, the higher bead depth and area. Also, dilution was also best in the shield gas mixing ratio. The size and number of deflects were least in Ar33%+He67% mixture. Higher He gas ratio resulted in less deflects detected by the radiographic inspection.

Analysis for Scalar Mixing Characteristics using Linear Eddy Model (Linear Eddy Model을 이용한 스칼라의 혼합특성 해석)

  • Kim, H.J.;Ryu, L.S.;Kim, Y.M.
    • Journal of ILASS-Korea
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2006
  • The present study is focused on the small scale turbulent mixing processes in the scalar Held. In order to deal with molecular mixing in turbulent flow, the linear eddy model is addressed. In each realization, the molecular mixing term is implemented deterministically, and turbulent stirring is represented by a sequence of instantaneous, statistically independent rearrangement event called by triplet map. The LEM approach is applied with relatively simple conditions. The characteristics of scalar mixing and PDF profiles are addressed in detail.

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The Effect of Mixing Chamber on the Characteristics of Annular Jet Pump (혼합실 형상에 따른 환형 제트펌프의 특성)

  • Kwon, O.B.;Choi, H.;Oh, B.H.
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.35-41
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    • 1997
  • Annular jet pump can be used for the transportation of solid materials and fish. The effect of mixing chamber on the characteristics of annular jet pump is sought in this paper. Experiments were done for several reducing angles of mixing chamber, and for several throat area. Water was used for both the primary fluid and secondary fluid. A vortex was observed for the straight mixing chamber, but it was not observed for the mixing chamber whose reducing angle is $18^{\circ}$ or higher. The efficiency curves for the annular jet pump are presented in this paper, showing the annular jet pump which has 240 reducing angle and $0.611{\sim}0.73$ value of At/As. is most effective among the tested several annular jet pumps.

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Computational Study of the MILD Combustion and Pollutant Emission Characteristics in Jet Flow Field (제트 유동장에서의 마일드 연소 및 오염물질 배출특성에 관한 전산해석 연구)

  • Kim, Yu Jeong;Song, Keum Mi;Oh, Chang Bo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.60-65
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    • 2012
  • The MILD combustion and pollutant emission characteristics were investigated computationally. The temperature of supplying air-stream and mixing rate (${\Omega}$) of exhaust gas in the air-stream were adjusted to investigate the effects of those parameters on the MILD combustion in jet flow field. The emission indices for NO (EINO) and CO (EICO) were introduced to quantify the amount of those species emitted from the combustion. The high-temperature region disappeared gradually as the mixing rate increased for fixed air-stream temperature. The EINO increased as the air-stream temperature became higher for fixed mixing rate, and the EINO decreased dramatically with increasing the mixing rate for each air-stream temperature condition. The EICO also decreased with increasing the mixing rate and it was nearly independent of air-stream temperature except for near ${\Omega}$ = 0.7. It was found that the CO supplied in the air-stream can be destroyed in the MILD combustion over the certain mixing rate.