• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.1234-1240
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• 1999

The nutritive value of rumen contents and barley mixture (4:1 w/w; RCB) was evaluated and the effect of their feeding on growth performances in Najdi lambs was studied. A metabolism trial was conducted with 16 rams divided into four dietary groups. The diets were: a whole-mixed control diet and three diets where RCB was incorporated at the rates of 25, 50 and 100%, replacing an equal amount of control diet. The results showed that there was a depression (p<0.05) in DM digestibility for the 100% RCB diet in comparison with other diets. The digestibility of CP was higher(p<0.05) for the 25% RCB diet as compared to the control diet; there was a trend for a small (p>0.05) decrease in digestibility as level of RCB increased. Lambs in all studied diets were in positive nitrogen balance; the differences between diets were not significant. A total of 45 lambs were allotted into three groups and used to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of RCB (0, 25 and 50%) on growth performance and carcass traits. Daily DM intake, final body weight, carcass weight and dressing percentage were not different among treatments. Average weight gain and ether extract (EE) in 9-11th control joint were higher (p<0.05) in lambs fed control diet than those fed RCB diets. The substitution of RCB for 50% of control diet exhibited 11.8% reduction in feeding cost for each kg of body weight gain.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.149-156
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• 1971

A survey on the piroplasma infections for Canadian cows imparted from November 1968 to June 1969 to Kyungpuk, Korea was conducted by means of enumeration of erythrocytes and examination of Giemsa staining blood films from the cows and their calves. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. So-called small type piroplasma (Theileria) infections were suspected in almost all of imported cows and their calves during their first pasture season and mixed infections with so-called large type piroplasma (Babesia) or Eperythrozoon wenyoni were detected in some cows and calves. 2. Fever, anorexia, depression, marked decreased milk production, sever anemia and jundice were observed in the imported cows with havy infection of so-called small type piroplasma (Theileria). And the piroplasma infection was most important cause of deaths of imported cows. 3. Sever anemia, malnutrition and poor growth were observed in many calves from imported cows with havy infection of so-called small type piroplasma(Theileria). 4. Good results were obtained in treating cattle acutely ill with so-called small type piroplasmosis by injection of pamaquine but they may need scond injection 3 to 4 weeks after the first treatment for reapperence of the piroplasma in the erythrocytes.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.44-53
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• 1994

This research was carried out to investigate the effect of paper sludge addition on formaldehyde emission, and physical and mechanical properties of UF-particleboard. In order to investigate the effect of paper sludge addition to resin, particleboards were bonded with urea-formaldehyde resins containing 5, 10, 15% paper sludge powders of three types(A Type: -200 mesh, B Type: -100~+200 mesh. C Type: -50~+100 mesh), based on weight of resin solid. Also the effect of paper sludge addition to furnish was studied from particleboards fabricated with ratios of sludge to particle of 5:95, 10:90, 15:85 based on oven-dry weight. Tests were conducted on the manufactured particleboards to determine formaldehyde emission, bending properties, internal bond strength and thickness swelling. The obtained results were summarized as follows: The addition of paper sludge powder to resin yielded a higher pH of cured resin. Formaldehyde emission decreased with the increase of paper sludge powder addition to resin and paper sludge composition ratio to furnish. Particleboard bonded with urea-formaldehyde resin containing paper sludge powder and particleboard mixed with paper sludge have similar bending properties(MOR, MOE) and thickness swelling compared with control particleboard. Internal bond strength of particleboards treated with paper sludge were lower than that of control particleboard. The use of paper sludge as scavenger was achieved reduction of formaldehyde emission without depression of physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. Also the use of paper sludge was able to concluded that there is possibility of partial substitution of wood particle materials.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2018

본 연구는 지역사회와의 융합을 위해 학교를 기반으로 고위험 문제행동을 보이는 초등학생을 대상으로 실시한 구조화된 인지행동 중재 프로그램의 효과에 관한 예비연구이다. 개발한 프로그램은 준전문가를 통해 실시하여 효과를 검증하였다. 고위험군 선별을 위해 도농복합지역의 한 초등학교 3학년 전체 102명을 대상으로 한국판 아동행동평가척도(K-CBCL)를 실시하였고 문제행동증후군 척도의 T점수가 60점 이상인 고위험군 학생 32명을 선정하여 개입집단과 대조집단으로 나누었다. 인지행동치료를 기반으로 9회기의 구조화된 집단 프로그램을 개발하였고, 심리상담 전공의 대학원생 및 대학생이 전문가의 지도를 받아 개입집단에게 프로그램을 실시하였다. 개입 후 내재화 집단은 내재화 문제, 불안 및 우울증상이 유의하게 감소되었으며 외현화 집단은 외현화 문제, 공격행동에 유의미한 감소를 보였지만, 혼합형 집단에서는 유의미한 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 질적인 분석을 통해 점수의 의미를 추가적으로 살펴보았다. 결과에 대한 시사점과 연구의 제한점 그리고 후속연구에 대해 제언하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.1075-1079
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• 1999

Adult German cross $(German{\times}British{\times}Russian)$ angora rabbits (one year age), 32 in number were divided randomly into four groups $(T_1-T_4)$ with equal sex ratio and fed diets containing $T_1$ groundnut cake (GNC); $T_3$, soyaflakes (SF); $T_4$, sunflower cake (SFC) and $T_2$, a mixture of all the three cakes along with green forage as roughage for a period of 9 months. Nine per cent protein was added from each protein source. Fibre level was maintained by adjusting the level of rice phak in the diets. The diets were iso-nitrogenous and contained similar level of fibre. DMI through roughage was not affected due to source of protein in the diet, however, DMI through concentrate was higher $(p{\leq}0.05)$ with SFC diet, which resulted in higher total feed intake in the group $(T_4)$. Body weights increased up to second shearing, thereafter it decreased due to summer depression. Diet containing soyaflakes sustained higher wool yield whereas, it was lowest $(p{\leq}0.05)$ on SFC diet. Wool attributes (staple length, medullation, fibre diameter) were not affected due to source of protein in the diet. Digestibility of fibre and its fractions (ADF, cellulose, hemicellulose) decreased $(p{\leq}0.05)$ with incorporation of SFC in the diets. Balance of calcium was lowest whereas, that of nitrogen was highest with SFC diet $(T_4)$. Biological value of N and net protein utilization was better when different protein sources were mixed together $(T_2)$. Protein quality of soyaflakes proved better for wool production followed by groundnut cake and mixture of three protein sources. Sunflower cake alone or in combination decreased wool production which may be checked by supplementation of amino acids and energy.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.344-351
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• 2020

AgInCd alloy is widely used as neutron absorber in nuclear reactors. However, the AgInCd control rods may fail during service due to the irradiation swelling. In the present study, a calculational method is proposed to calculate the composition change of the AgInCd absorber. Calculated results show that neutron fluence has significant impact on the chemical compositions. Ag and In contents gradually decrease while Cd and Sn conversely increases from the center to the rim of AgInCd absorber due to the depression of neutron flux. The composition change at the surface is higher almost two times than that at the center. Based on the calculated compositions, six simulated AgInCdSn alloys were prepared and examined. With the increase of Cd and Sn, the simulated AgInCdSn alloys transform from a single fcc phase into the mixed fcc and hcp phases, and finally into the single hcp phase. The atomic volume of the hcp phase is obviously larger than the fcc phase. The fcc-hcp transformation results in considerable volume swelling of the AgInCd absorber. Moreover, the lattice parameters of the fcc and hcp phases gradually increase with Cd and Sn contents, which also can induce small volume swelling.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2000

A feeding trial was carried out effect of supplemental Lactobacillus on productivity, egg quality and intestinal microflora in 320 21 weeks - old laying hens for 12 week. Supplemented Lactobacillus strains were Lactobacillus amylovorus LLA7(LA), Lactobacillus crispatus LLA9(LC) and Lactobacillus vaginalis LLA11(LV). Three strains mixed to basal diet which containing 2,800㎉/kg ME, 16% CP with none, LA, LC, LV, LA+LC, LA+LV, LC+LV and LC+LC+LV. Supplemental level was 10(sup)7 cfu/g diet. Egg production was tended to increase with adding Lactobacilus, but not difference significantly. Average egg weight was heavier in adding Lactobacillrs compared to the none, and heaviest in LA+LV, LC+LV(P〈0.05). In periodic observation, the gap of egg weight with adding Lactobacillus or not was severe persisting laying periods. The diet containg MC or LV was better than LA, which means the difference by Lactobacillus strains for egg weight. Daily egg mass also increased in adding Lactobacillus about 1.1 to 2.3 g/hen, but not difference significantly. Feed intake and feed conversion were not difference regardless Lactobacillus strains and laying periods. Haugh unit improved with adding Lactobacillus. Cecal Lactobacillus spp. was increased with adding Lactobacillus(P〈0.05), didn't observed E. coli depression. In summary, supplemental Lactobacillus could improve for egg production, egg weight, egg mass and egg white. And those of effect expect much beneficial with mixing Lactobacillus which established well as single strain.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.90-94
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• 2006

The effects of formalin on mixed function oxygenase (MFO) system and stress-response were investigated in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Olive flounder was exposed to formalin at the concentration of 300 ppm for 1, 2, 4 and 16 h. Levels of stress-response enzymes together with total protein, glucose and osmolality were quantitatively determined in blood, and the activities of phase I (cytochrome P450, ethoxyresorufin deethylase) and phase II (glutathione S-transferase) hepatic enzymes were also determined. Since the formalin-exposure for 16 h resulted no significant changes in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, specific enzymes for liver damage, it was thought that it did not cause hepatic tissue damage at the concentration of 300 ppm. However, hepatic MFO system was induced at 1 to 4 h, and stress response was induced after 16 h of exposure. Moreover, it is considered that the depression of MFO activity after 16 h of exposure may not be adaptation to formalin, but toxic response. These results suggest that low concentration of formalin does not cause hepatic tissue damage of fish, but could induce MFO and stress response.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.967-973
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• 2000

A metabolism trial was conducted with 28 Najdi rams allocated into seven dietary groups to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of Salicornia bigelovii Torr biomass on nutrient digestibility, rumina I fluid metabolites and nitrogen and mineral balances. Either the stems (ST) or spikes (SP) of this seawater-irrigated halophyte were incorporated into complete diets at rates of 0, 10, 20 and 30% levels, replacing equal amounts of rhodesgrass hay in a ground mixed control diet. Digestibility of DM, OM, EE, NFE and fecal and urinary nitrogen were not affected by increased level of ST in the diet. As level of ST increased from 0 to 20% in the diets, CP digestibility and nitrogen retention approached their maximum (p<0.01), whereas CF digestibility reached its minimum (p<0.01). On the other hand, except for EE, digestion of all nutrients and nitrogen retention were linearly depressed (p<0.01) as SP increased in the diets from 10 to 30% level. Concentration of ammonia-N, total VFA and pH values in the rumen fluid were lower (p<0.01) with the ST- or SP-fed diets than with the control diet. Increasing level of ST or SP in the diet was associated with an increase (p<0.01) in the proportion of acetate and a decline (p<0.01) in molar percentage of propionate in the ruminal fluid. Sodium absorption increased (p<0.01) with increased ST and SP in the diets up to the 10 and 20% level, respectively, followed by constant absorption values up to the 30% level. When the level of ST in the diet gradually increased to 30%, a concomitant increased (p<0:01) in Ca and P absorption were obvious; whereas, increased level of SP in the diets from 0 to 30% resulted in noticeable (p<0.01) depression in Ca and P apparent absorption.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2001

동북 일본 오우산맥 중앙부의 제4기 후기의 식생변천 과정을 밝히기 위하여, 암수현 탕전정 탕천소(북위 $39^{\circ}15'$, 동경 $140^{\circ}45'$, 표고 590m)의 퇴적물을 대상으로 화분분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 탕천소 일대는 Y-I대의 Pinus-Picea-Betula림(최종빙기 최성기 말) $\longrightarrow$ Y-II대의 Betula림(만빙기 $\longrightarrow$ Y-III대의 Quercus-Betula림(후빙기 초기) $\longrightarrow$ Y-IV대의 Fagus림(후빙기 중기) $\longrightarrow$ Y-V대의 Fagus-Quercus-Cryptomeria림 (후빙기 후기)으로 변천하였음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 Y-I대와 Y-II대는 아한대성 침엽수림 시대, Y-III대는 아한대성 침엽수림 시대에서 냉온대성 낙엽활엽수림 시대로의 이행기, Y-IV대는 냉온대성 낙엽활엽수림 시대, Y-V대는 침엽.낙엽활엽혼합림 시대에 대비되는 것도 알 수 있었다.