• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this review was to investigate constitutional medical research on tumors and to propose information for further research. Methods The literature was investigated from Oriental medicine advanced searching integrated system, China national knowledge infrastructure, and PubMed. The searching terms were cancer, tumor, neoplasm, Sasang constitution, and so on. And studies were collected and analyzed into the three parts of distributions, treatments, and preventions. Results The distribution and type of tumors were different depending on the type of Sasang constitution. The symptoms of a tumor can occur variously in all types of diseases or patterns. Preventing tumors and cultivating health should be considered all aspects of physical, mental, and social health in the Sasang constitutional concept of securing requisite energy of minor organs. Conclusions The Sasang constitutional medicine for treating tumors should be focused on strengthening the constitutional healthy energy considering personal characteristics.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.65-67
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• 2018

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a benign tumor which usually originates from major and minor salivary glands. This tumor arising outside submandibular gland (SMG) is extremely rare. To author's knowledge, only four cases have been reported so far in English literature. Its pathogenesis is still unclear, but it can be explained by embryologic theory of major salivary gland. A 68-year-old man with an incidental mass on left upper lateral neck visited to our clinic. The radiologic findings showed well-margined round mass outside left SMG. The excisional biopsy revealed a pleomorphic adenoma. We report the rare and unique case with a brief literature review.

• 영어영문학
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.551-564
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• 2018

Laodiceanism is the blueprint from which Hardy draws one of his most ingenuous effects: the creating of a Laodicean around which the novel constructs its ambiguity. Hardy's command of "ingenuity" joins both the leading heroine Paula and the minor character Dare into the same category of a Laodicean. Alongside Paula, Dare is the most important ingredient in the novel in that he acts as an enigmatic persona defying the reader's attempts to establish a coherent type. This paper aims to offer a close reading of Dare's life story, which is chosen for discussion as he has been deemed as a simple functionary and thus apparently escaped serious critical notice thus far. It is stressed that the structure of sensations Dare embodies is fascinating in the sense that it is a locus where the coexistence of both meaning and nonmeaning would not amount to harmonious peace or stability so much as permits the impossibility of single and central significance. In this coexistence is inscribed a notion that the binaries in opposition are endlessly inter-mingled in dialogic tension, which is the hallmark of Laodiceanism that Hardy aims to present through the creation of Dare.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.152-156
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• 2023

Plexiform neurofibroma is a rare benign tumor and a special subtype of neurofibromatosis 1. This report is a literature review with a case of patient with facial hemorrhage observed at the site of neurofibroma removal in the right lower face due to minor trauma. Through PubMed search, using terms ((facial hematoma) OR (facial bleeding)) AND (neurofibromatosis), 86 articles were identified, and five related articles (six patients) were finally selected. Of the six patients, two had previously undergone embolization. However, as a result, all patients received open surgery to remove hematomas. The hemostatic methods mentioned were vascular ligation (five patients), hypotensive anesthesia (two patients), and postoperative blood transfusion (four patients). In conclusion, spontaneous or minimally traumatic bleeding is possible in neurofibromatosis patients. In most cases, it can be resolved by vascular ligation under hypotensive anesthesia. Optionally, prior embolization and supplementary tissue adhesive may be used.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2016

Objectives: Frey's syndrome is an infrequent complication after parotidectomy and its incidence varies from 23.5% to 50.8% in the literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the actual incidence and clinical characteristics of Frey's syndrome. Methods: We analyzed 31 patients who underwent parotidectomy and serial Minor's starch-iodine test. The mean follow-up period was $66{\pm}26.1$ months (range, 24-118 months). The Frey's syndrome was analyzed using a questionnaire for the assessment of the subjective symptom and Minor's starch-iodine test for the objective measurement at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgery and then every 6 or 12 months. Minor's starch-iodine test was graded from 0 to 3 according to the area of discolorization. Results: Frey's syndrome occurred in 11 patients (35.5%) on the Minor's starch-iodine test. The mean onset of Frey's syndrome on the starch-iodine test was $13.6{\pm}10.4$ months after parotidectomy. Sixteen patients (51.6%) complained about gustatory sweating and flushing. The onset of the subjective symptom was $11.27{\pm}6.96$ months after the surgery. There was a significant correlation between the grade of the starch-iodine test and the severity of subjective symptoms (P <0.001). Various factors including size and location of tumor, incision method, and extent of parotidectomy did not correlate with the Frey's syndrome. Conclusion: The incidence of Frey's syndrome was 35.5% on the Starch-Iodine test, and the onset was about postoperative 13.6 months.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2020

This study investigated whether listeners' perceptual patterns varied according to base token selected for stimuli manipulation. Voice onset time (VOT) and fundamental frequency (F0) values were orthogonally manipulated, each in seven steps, using naturally produced words that contained a lenis (/kan/) and an aspirated (/k^han/) stop in Seoul Korean. Both native and non-native groups showed significantly higher numbers of aspirated responses for the stimuli constructed with /k^han/, evidencing the use of minor cues left in the stimuli after manipulation. For the native group the use of the VOT and F0 cues in the stop categorization did not differ depending on whether the base token included the lenis or aspirated stop, indicating that the results of previous studies remain tenable that investigated the relative importance of the acoustic cues in the native listener perception of the Korean stop contrasts by using one base token for manipulating perceptual stimuli. For the non-native group, the use patterns of the F0 cue differed as a function of base token selected. Some findings indicated that listeners used alternative cues to identify the stop contrast when major cues sound ambiguous. The use of the manipulated VOT and F0 cues by the non-native group was not native-like, suggesting that non-native listeners may have perceived the minor cues as stable in the context of the manipulated cue combinations.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2019

Many techniques have been developed for reconstruction of the hand; however, less attention has been paid to foot reconstruction techniques. In particular, reconstruction of the forefoot and big toe has been considered a minor procedure despite the importance of these body parts for standing and walking. Most of the weight load on the foot is concentrated on the forefoot and big toe, whereas the other toes have a minor role in weight bearing. Moreover, the forefoot and big toe are important for maintaining balance and supporting the body when changing directions. Recently, attention has been focused on the aesthetic appearance and functional aspects of the body, which are important considerations in the field of reconstructive surgery. In patients for whom flap reconstruction in the forefoot and big toe is planned, clinicians should pay close attention to flap survival as well as functional and cosmetic outcomes of surgery. In particular, it is important to assess the ability of the flap to withstand functional weight bearing and maintain sufficient durability under shearing force. Recovery of protective sensation in the forefoot area can reduce the risk of flap loss and promote rapid rehabilitation and functional recovery. Here, we report our experience with two cases of successful reconstruction of the forefoot and big toe with a sensate anterolateral thigh flap, with a review of the relevant literature.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.431-435
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• 2020

주로 고에너지 손상이나 관통상에 의해서 발생하는 가성동맥류는 진단이 지연되면 심각한 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 저자들은 계단에서 넘어져 다친 후 처음에는 단순 타박 및 피부 열상으로 진단되었다가 증상이 악화되어 수상 2주일 후 시행한 자기공명영상 검사와 컴퓨터 단층촬영 혈관 조영술에서 경골 동맥의 경골비골동체의 가성동맥류로 뒤늦게 진단된 63세 남자를 치험하였다. 경한 둔상에 의하여 경골비골동체에 가성동맥류가 발생한 예는 아직까지 국내에 보고된 바 없어 이에 저자들은 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2009

Sun-cuisine is a traditional Korean side dish. This study examined the methods used to prepare Sun-cuisine in 11 Korean recipe books published over the last 100 years. The main ingredients of Sun-cuisine were typically vegetables, fins, fur, feathers, meat, legumes and mushrooms dipped in wheat flour or mung bean starch powder and stuffed with various minor ingredients known as "so". These dishes are highly seasoned and boiled in meat stock or steamed in a double boiler, after which they were sprinkled with toppings. Various materials are used as the main ingredients. When vegetables were used as the main ingredients, they were sprinkled with salt, sliced and stuffed with beef or mushrooms. Meat stock was then poured on top of the vegetables and they were steamed. A total of 38 food materials were used as the minor ingredients, while 25 materials were used as seasonings and six foods were used as toppings. Pine nuts were widely used as a minor ingredient, seasoning and topping. Sun-cuisine is generally made using various powders such as starch or wheat flour. Sun-cuisine was a kind of royal court food in the past that was served as a side dish. Recently, Sun-cuisine is eaten less often because its cooking process is too delicate and complicated. Therefore, additional studies to enable the modernization of the Sun-cuisine cooking process should be conducted with the goal of revitalizing the beauty and taste of this traditional food.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.189-203
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• 2023

This study analyzed potential breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills on 70 non-breeding, uninhabited islands in Incheon, Korea, in order to suggest potential breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills, whose breeding population has recently been increasing. By comparing the environmental characteristics of breeding and non-breeding areas identified through a literature search, we developed a discriminant to identify potential breeding areas for black-faced spoonbills. Among a total of eight environmental variables(Island area, distance from land, distance to mudflat, distance to rice field, distance to sea route, depth of water, mudflat area, rice field area), the variables that influenced the selection of breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills were average water depth, tidal flat area, and paddy field area. As a result of discriminant analysis of breeding islands using these variables, the accuracy was found to be quite high at 80%. As a result of applying the developed discriminant to non-breeding islands located in the Incheon region, a total of 9 islands(Yongrando, Goseokdo, Beolyeom, Joreumseom, Goeriseom, Hambakdo, Moido, Bigajido, Ahyeom) were identified as potential breeding grounds for spoonbills. The research results can be used as basic data for future management of black-faced spoonbill breeding sites and selection of alternative habitats.