• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate biochemical properties and antibacterial activity of lactoferrin(Lf) obtained from the colostrum of Korean native cow. Lactoferrin was isolated from the colostrum of Korean native cow by purification steps using batch extraction, ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, affinity chromatography. Other whey protein components that is similar molecular weight and affinity to lactoferrin were gradually removed from crude Korean Native cow's lactoferrin during the purification steps. The molecular weight of the purified Korean native cow's Lf(K-Lf) was 81 kDa, the isoelectric point was 9, and the content of iron was 0.56mg/g, which is indicated that iron saturation of the K-Lf was 40.6%. Amino acid composition and a-helix content were different K-Lf from bovine Lf(B-Lf). Antibacterial activity of E. coli O111 by K-Lf was lower than that of B-Lf. A minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of K-Lf and B-Lf was 2.75mg/ml and 1.5mg/ml respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1613-1618
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• 1999

Extracts of Citrus sudachi juice and peel were obtained by several organic solvents such as hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate and methanol. Their antimicrobial spectrum were determined against 14 strains of gram positive and 4 strains of gram negative bacteria by paper disk method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also obtained. Antimicrobial activities of solvent extracts from Citrus sudachi juice showed stronger than those of solvent extracts from peel. Acetone extract from juice showed the strongest antimicrobial activity among extracts, but the hexane extract did not show antimicrobial activities on tested target strains. The MIC was differant among tested strains; i.e. 0.5% (v/v) to Bacillus subtilis, 1% to Pseudomonas fragi, 1.5% to Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7, 2% to Propionibacterium acnes and Salmonella typhimurium, and 2.5% to Staphylococcus aureus.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.10 no.2 s.23
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• pp.67-71
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• 2007

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the continuous anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on cultivation of Staphylococcus species(S. aureus, S. epidermidis)that induce eye disease. Methods : Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was measured by dropping to 50 ${\mu}$l diluted Tangpo-san(100%, 10%, 1%, 0.1%) on S. aureus, S. epidermidis that were cultivated from 2 to 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency was measured by the size of inhibition zone with change of volume(20 ${\mu}$l,30 ${\mu}$l,40 ${\mu}$l,50 ${\mu}$l). Results : 1. Anti-bacterial potency of Tanpo-san on S. aureus was not appeared all samples. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume, and the Anti-bacterial potency of 2 days was equal to 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on S. aureus was appeared continuous. 2. Anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on S. epidermidis was appeared in 100%, 10% on 2 and 6 days, and the Anti-bacterial potency of 6 days was decreased. In 2 days, Anti-bacterial potency was appeared 40 and 50u1, in 6 days, Anti-bacterial potency was appeared all samples. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume and increased on 6 days, but bacteria was increased. Anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on S. epidermidis wasn't appeared continuous. Conclusions : Anti-bacterial potency of Tangpo-san on cultivation of S. aureus showed continuous, but on cultivation of S. epidermidis was not showed continuous.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.10 no.2 s.23
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• pp.19-23
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• 2007

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the continuous anti-bacterial potency of Sean-tang on cultivation of Staphylococcus species(S. aureus, S. epidermidis) that induce eye disease. Methods : Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was measured by dropping to 50${\mu}$l diluted Sean-tang(100%, 10%,1%, 0.1%) on S. aureus, S. epidermidis that were cultivated from 2 to 6 days. 1. Anti-bacterial potency was measured by the size of inhibition zone with change of volume(20${\mu}$l, 30${\mu}$l, 40${\mu}$l, 50${\mu}$l). Results : 1. Anti-bacterial potency of Sean-tang on S. aureus was appeared in 100% and increased on 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume. Anti-bacterial potency of Sean-tang on S. aureus was appeared continuous. 2. Anti-bacterial potency of S. epidermidis was appeared in 100%, 10%, 1% on 2 days and in100%, 10% on 6 days. In 100% Sean-tang, Anti-bacterial potency of 6 days was increased, in 10%, 1%, Anti-bacterial potency of 2 days was increased. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased inpropotion to increase volume and increased on 6 days, but bacteria was increased. Anti-bacterial potency Sean-tang on S. epidermidis wasn't appeared continuous. Conclusions : Anti-bacterial potency of Sean-tang on cultivation of S. aureus was showed continuous, but on cultivation of S. epidermidis was not showed continuous.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.10 no.2 s.23
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• pp.87-91
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• 2007

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the continuous anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on cultivation of Staphylococcus species(S. aureus, S. epidermidis) that induce eye disease. Methods : Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was measured by dropping to 50${\mu}$l diluted Jinpi-san(100%, 10%, 1%, 0.1%) on S. aureus, S. epidermidis that were cultivated from 2 to 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency was measured by the size of inhibition zone with change of volume(20${\mu}$l, 30${\mu}$l, 40${\mu}$l, 50${\mu}$l). Results : 1. Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on S. aureus was appeared in 100% and increased on 6 days. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume. Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on S. aureus was appeared continuous. 2. Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on S. epidermidis was appeared in 100%, 10%, 1% on 2 days and in 100%, 10% on 6 days. In 100% Jinpi-san, Anti-bacterial potency of 6 days was increased, in 10%, Anti-bacterial potency of 2 days was increased, in 1%, Anti-bacterial potency of 6 days was disappear. Anti-bacterial potency with change of volume was increased in propotion to increase volume except for 20${\mu}$l of 6days and increased on 6 days, but bacteria was increased. Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on S. epidermidis wasn't appeared continuous. Conclusions : Anti-bacterial potency of Jinpi-san on cultivation of S. aureus was showed continuous, but on cultivation of S. epidermidis was not showed continuous.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.470-475
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• 2005

Antimicrobial activities of pyroligneous liquor were investigated by determining Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The solvent extracts of pyroligneous liquor, which were extracted by using solvents with different polarities such as hexane, ethylacetate, or butanol. The activities were examined by disc diffusion method using MIC against 7 food poisoning microbe type strains. Antimicrobial activities were shown in hexane, ethylacetate, butanol, and aqueous fractions of pyroligneous liquor. Among the four fractions, ethylacetate fraction showed the highest inhibitory effect on the microorganism such as Shigella sonnei, and Yersinia enterocolitica at the concentration of 2.0 mg/disc. The purified P-1 and P-2 fractions isolated by silica gel column chromatography from ethylacetate fraction of pyroligneous liquor had the highest antimicrobial activity. The total phenolic compounds content in ethylacetate, hexane, butanol, and aqueous fraction was 488.3 mg/g, 403.8 mg/g, 83.6mg/g, and 74.5 mg/g, respectively. Taken together, these results suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction could be suitable for the development of isolation and identification of antimicrobial compound from pyroligneous liquor, resulting from the above antimicrobial activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.899-904
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• 2002

Aloe and propolis are extensively used in folk medicine. Ethanol extracts of Aloe vera (AE), ethanol extract of propolis (PE) and waxfree extract of propolis (PW) were prepared to test antimicrobial activities against five oral microorganisms (Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Enteococcus hirae, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans). Antimicrobial activities were tested by serial broth dilution method and expressed by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The AE showed relatively weak antimicrobial activities, while both of PE and PW greatly inhibited all microorganisms tested. To investigate the antimicrobial effects of the combined extracts of aloe with propolis, the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was determined by checkerboard assay for each strain. The combination of AE with PE or PW resulted in Synergistic effect against oral microorganisms tested (FICI=0.375) except Escherichia coli (FICI=1.0 for PE, FICI=0.75 for PW).

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.135-146
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• 2022

In order to prevent microbial contamination and safely use cosmetics, it is essential to possess preservative power. In this study, the antifungal effect was confirmed by improving the preservative system of the aqueous dispersion formulation, which has a weak preservative power against fungi, and various preservative systems were established to strengthen the preservative power against fungi. Five kinds of raw materials (sodium anisate, p-anisic acid, caprylhydroxamic acid, o-cymen-5-ol, hydroxyacetophenone) that have a benzene ring structure having a hydroxyl group and exist as protonated form in cosmetic formulations expected to improve antifungal activity in cosmetics were selected, and the minimum growth inhibitory concentration of the raw materials was determined through MIC assay. It was confirmed that the preservative power against mold was improved through the preservative efficacy test of 4 types of water dispersion formulations (cream, lotion, toner, and sun cream) in which 4 types of raw materials showing antimicrobial activity against mold were added to the preservative system. When p-anisic acid was used, it was confirmed that the preservative activity against mold was strengthened without the effect of inhibiting the preservative power against bacteria and yeast in all four formulations.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.432-440
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• 2006

A tuber lectin from Arisaema jacquemontii Blume belonging to family Araceae was purified by employing a single step affinity chromatography using column of asialofetuin-linked amino activated silica beads and the bound lectin was eluted with 100 mM glycine-HCl buffer pH 2.5. The purified A. jacquemontii lectin (AJL) showed a single protein band with an apparent molecular mass of 13.4 kDa when submitted to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing as well as non-reducing conditions. The native molecular mass of AJL determined by gel filtration on a Biogel P-200 column was 52 kDa and its carbohydrate content was estimated to be 3.40%. Thus AJL is a tetrameric glycoprotein. The purified lectin agglutinated erythrocytes from rabbit but not from human. Its activity was not inhibited by any of the mono- and disaccharides tested except N-acetyl-D-lactosamine having minimal inhibitory sugar concentration (MIC) 25 mM. Among the glycoproteins tested only asialofetuin was found to be inhibitory (MIC $125\;{\mu}g/mL$). A single band was obtained in native PAGE at pH 4.5 while PAGE at pH 8.3 showed two bands. Isoelectric focusing of AJL gave multiple bands in the pI range of 4.6-5.5. When incorporated in artificial diet AJL significantly affected the development of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) larvae indicating the possibility of using this lectin in a biotechnological strategy for insect management of cucurbits. Larvae fed on artificial diet containing sub-lethal dose of AJL showed a significant decrease in acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity while esterase activity markedly increased as compared to larvae fed on diet without lectin. Out of various human cancer cell lines employed in sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay, this lectin was found to have appreciable inhibitory effect on the in vitro proliferation of HCT-15, HOP-62, SW-620, HT-29, IMR-32, SKOV-3, Colo-205, PC-3, HEP-2 and A-549 cancer cell lines by 82, 77, 73, 70, 41, 41, 37, 29, 21 and 21% respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.336-341
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• 2007

To investigate anticariogenic effects of extracts from pine needles and twigs, we measured the extracts' antimicrobial activities against Streptococcus mutans, their glucosyltransferase (GTase) inhibitory effects and their stabilities under various conditions of heat and pH. The 70% ethanol extracts of pine needles and twigs showed greater antimicrobial activities against S. mutans than the hot water extracts, and the pine twig extracts showed greater antimicrobial activity than the pine needle extracts. More specifically, the n-hexane fractions of the pine needles and twigs had the greatest effects against S. mutans, and their minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) was 0.6 mg/mL. The results of the extracts' GTase inhibitory effects indicated that the 70% ethanol extracts had greater effects than hot water extracts, and the pine twig extracts showed greater effects than the pine needle extracts. The antimicrobial activity against S. mutans for the pine needle n-hexane traction was greatly reduced as temperature increased, and was also largely affected by changes in pH. These results suggest that extracts from pine needles and twigs have anticariogenic effects and could be used as anticariogenic food additives.