• 대한자원환경지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자원환경지질학회 2002년도 추계 공동 심포지엄 논문집
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• pp.53-67
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• 2002

As in the past, we are concerned today with the magnitudes of mineral resources and the adequacy of these resources to meet future needs. In looking at global resource issues, we should consider the need for the resource, its supply, and the environmental consequences of using it. The need for a resource can become a resource dependency, specially as the global population expands and each of us becomes Increasingly dependent upon hundreds of natural materials. Therefore, our great mineral consumption makes the human population a true “Geologic Force”, which will be even more significant in the future when the global population is projected to reach alarming proportions. Although our supplies of mineral resources probably will be sufficient for the 21st century, the uneven distribution of minerals in the Earth's crust almost certainly will continue to be a major problem. The most likely result will be major shifts in both prices and sources of supply of many mineral resources. As for energy resources, we must avoid an obsessive dependency on one fuel and expand instead to other energy resources. Finally, because the use of resources affects the environment, we need to focus on resource exploitation and global pollution, particularly in regard to ground water and arable land. We must manage our resources so as to be in balance with our environment. And the accelerated industrialization of South Korean economy over the last three decades has resulted in the mass consumption of mineral commodities. South Korea has around 50 useful mineral commodities for the mineral industry, among 330 kinds of minerals described. The component ratio of the mining industry sector of the gross national production(GNP) in South Korea dropped from 1.2% in 1971 to 0.34% in 1997 due to the rapid growth of other industries in the country. During the period from 1971 to 1997, the average growth rate of mineral consumption in South Korea was 9.13% yearly and that of GMP per capita was 14.97%. The mineral consumptions per capita showed a continual increase during the last 30 years as follows(parenthesis: GW per capita); 0.99 metric tons in 1997($289), 3.83 metric tons in 1989($5, 210), 6.11 metric tons in 1995 ($10, 037), and 6.66 metric tons in 1997($9, 511). The total amount of mineral consumption in South Korea was 33 million tons of 32 mineral commodities in 1971, and 306 million metric tons of 47 mineral commodities in 1997.

• 한국암반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국암반공학회 2008년도 국제학술회의
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• pp.301-315
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• 2008

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1999년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.143.2-143
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.460-466
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• 2006

To investigate the effects of dietary patterns on bone mineral density and its biochemical markers among Korean healthy college women for 2 years, 34 female college students were recruited through convenience sampling. Bone mineral density was measured using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) twice at baseline and two years later. Osteocalcin and parathyroid hormone were measured in fasting serum and N-teleopeptides of type collagen (NTx) in urine. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-hour recall method 8 times with average 4-month interval. Dietary patterns with percent energy of each food group using cluster analysis were classified into two groups. The first cluster (n = 16) was characterized with high consumption of bread, snack, fast foods, beverage and considerable of rice so it was determined as 'Modified dietary pattern group'. The second cluster was characterized with high consumption of rice and kimchi so determined as 'Traditional dietary pattern group'. There were no significant difference of age, menarcheal age, body mass index but percent of body fat by pattern groups. The traditional group showed higher value of bone mineral density among lumber spine and all femur sites at baseline and 2 years later but it was not significant after adjusted for percent of body fat. Serum osteocalcin and urine NTx was higher among the traditional group at baseline than the modified group. There were similar proportions of carbohydrate:fat:protein between groups but significantly higher intake of protein, iron, vitamin A among the traditional group. In conclusion, there were two distinctive dietary patterns among Korean college women. There was difference of bone mineral density and its biochemical markers between two patterns. Further research would be necessary to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and health risks for larger-sized and various populations.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.260-265
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• 2015

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the bone-conserving effects of Rubus coreanus-Cheonggukjang (RC-CGJ) supplemented with more intensified phytochemicals compared to general Cheonggukjang (CGJ) in growing rats. Eighteen rats were divided into 3 treatment groups (Control, CGJ, and RC-CGJ) and were given experimental diets for 9 weeks. All of the rats in this study were fed a AIN-93G-based diet. Both CGJ groups were fed with 33.1% CGJ and RC-CGJ powder, respectively. The results of this study indicate that weight gain, mean food intake, and food efficiency ratio were not significantly different by the experimental diets among all groups. Spine bone mineral density (BMD) and femur BMD were not significantly different by the experimental diets. Spine bone mineral content (BMC) was significantly higher in the RC-CGJ and CGJ groups than in the control group, regardless of CGJ type. The femur BMC of the CGJ supplemented group was significantly higher compared with the control group and the RC-CGJ group. Compared with the control group, spine BMD and femur BMD per weight were markedly increased in the RC-CGJ and CGJ group regardless of CGJ type. Also, spine BMC per weight was significantly higher in the RC-CGJ group than in the CGJ group. However, femur BMC per weight was significantly higher in the CGJ group than in the RC-CGJ group. It can be concluded that RC-CGJ and CGJ supplemented diets have more beneficial effects on spine and femur peak bone mass in growing rats.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2016

콘크리트는 유해물질을 봉함처리하기 위한 매우 유용한 건설재료이다. 일반적으로 이러한 시설물에는 매스콘크리트가 적용되며, 장기간 성능이 요구되므로 광물질 혼화재를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 지하구조물에서는 순수와의 접촉으로 칼슘용출이 발생할 수 있으므로 광물질 혼화재를 포함하고 있는 콘크리트의 칼슘용출 저항성을 평가할 필요가 있다. 실험결과에 따르면, 광물질 혼화재는 콘크리트 부재의 장기압축강도 및 염화물 확산계수 개선에 효과적이지만, 칼슘용출이 발생하면 압축강도 및 염화물 확산 저항성 저하가 OPC에 비해 심하고, 미세공극분포도 영향을 받는다. 따라서 칼슘용출환경에 노출되는 지하구조물에 광물질 혼화재가 적용될 경우에는, 물-결합재비를 저감시키며, 충분한 포졸란 반응 이후에 노출해야 하고, FA 보다는 BFS를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.60-73
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• 1997

The talc of the Daeheung, Pyeongan, and Cheongdang (Shinyang) talc deposits in the Yesan-Gongju-Cheongyang area is a hydrothermal alteration product of serpentinite originated from ultramafic rocks. The mineral assemblages in alteration zones are: serpentine, serpentine-talc, talc, talc-chlorite, talc-phlogopite-chlorite, and talc-tremolite-chlorite. Chemical distributions in both the Al2O3-FeO-MgO system and the immobile elements suggest that the serpentine-talc and talc rocks are the reaction product of ultramafic rocks and silicic hydrothermal solution without addition of other granitic components, whereas chlorite-, phlogopite-, and tremolite-bearing rocks are the metasomatic alteration product of serpentinite by hydrothermal solution affected by granitic gneiss. Discontinuities in the immobile element ratios of mineral assemblages are due to changes in their mineralogy. The relative contents of Al2O3, TiO2, Zr in the talc-phlogopite-chlorite and talc-tremolite-chlorite rocks increase irregularly with increasing phlogopite, tremolite, and/or chlorite contents in contrast to other ore types. But the relative contents of Cr, Ni, and Co are uniform in all the mineral assemblages. Chemistry of each mineral assemblage formed by steatitization of serpentinite suggests that Cr, Co, Ni, MgO, and Fe2O3 are relatively immobile during the alteration, whereas SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, and K2O are highly increased. The contents of chlorite, phlogopite, and tremolite in each mineral assemblage might be controlled by addition of Al2O3, K2O, and CaO, respectively. The high contents of other elements than immobile elements in the altered rocks as compared with unaltered rocks indicate that a large amount of elements were introduced from hydrothermal solution up to about 8∼41% in total mass showing maximum value in the talc-phlogopite-chlorite rock.

• 한국광물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광물학회.대한자원환경지질학회.대한광업진흥공사 2002년도 추계 공동 심포지엄 논문집: 국내 자원의 현황과 전망
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• pp.53-67
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• 2002

As in the past, we are concerned today with the magnitudes of mineral resources and the adequacy of these resources to meet future needs. In looking at global resource issues, we should consider the need for the resource, its supply, and the environmental consequences of using it. The need for a resource can become a resource dependency, especially as the global population expands and each of us becomes increasingly dependent upon hundreds of natural materials. Therefore, our great mineral consumption makes the human population a true 'Geologic Force', which will be even more significant in the future when the global population is projected to reach alarming proportions. Although our supplies of mineral resources probably will be sufficient for the 21s1 century, the uneven distribution of minerals in the Earth's crust almost certainly will continue to be a major problem The most likely result will be major shifts in both prices and sources of supply of many mineral resources. As for energy resources, we must avoid an obsessive dependency on one fuel and expand instead to thor energy resources. Finally, because the use of resources affects the environment, we need to focus on resource exploitation and global pollution, particularly in regard to ground water and arable land. We must manage our resources so as to be in balance with our environment. And the accelerated industrialization of South Korean economy over the last three decades has resulted in the mass consumption of nuneral commodities. South Korea has around 50 useful mineral commodities for the mineral industry, among 330 kinds of minerals described. The component ratio of the mining industry sector of the gross national production(GNP) in South Korea dropped from $1.2\%\;in\;1971\;to\;0.34\%$ in 1997 due to the rapid growth of other industries In the countxy. During the period from 1971 to 1997, the average growth rate of mineral consumption in South Korea was $9.13\%$ yearly and that of GNP per capita was $14.97\%$. The mineral consumptions per capita showed a continual Increase during the last 30 years as follows(parenthesis. GNP per capita): 0.99 metric tons in 1971($\$289$), 3.83 metric tons in 1989($\$5,210$), 6.11 metric tons in 1995 ($\$10,037$), and 6.66 metric tons in 1997($9,511). The total amount of mineral consumption in South Korea was 33 million tons of 32 mineral commodities in 1971, and 306 million metric tons of 47 mineral commodities In 1997.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.389-400
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• 2007

Purposes: This study was designed to explore the stage distribution of subjects according to stage of change for calcium intake and for exercise, and to identify factors that could discriminate among subjects in various stages. Methods: The sample consisted of 142 subjects who had taken bone mineral densitometry tests. The instruments used in this study were the Stage Placement Instrument for Calcium Intake and Exercise, the Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale and the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test, and the Osteoporosis Self Efficacy Scale. Data were analyzed using chi square, ANOVA, and discriminant analysis by using the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: For calcium stages, economic level, calcium knowledge, positive social norms for calcium intake, & educational level showed high standardized canonical discriminant function coefficients. For exercise stages, exercise efficacy, susceptibility, exercise benefit, educational level, positive social norm to exercise, educational level, and exercise barrier showed high standardized canonical discriminant function coefficients. Conclusion: This study implies that bone mass promoting program incorporating a stages of change model can be applied as useful nursing intervention.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2008

This study was carried out to compare bone density risk factors affecting women's BMD, and to examine the relationship age, lifestyle and dietary habits for bone health by physical measurement and questionnaires. The subjects of this study were 194 women living in the Seoul area. When the subjects were divided into normal and risk groups, BMD, height, weight, BMI, total body water, soft lean mass, fat free mass, protein, mineral, body-fat of normal group were much higher than those of the risk group. The breakfast eating rate of the normal group was much higher than that of the risk group, walking time was significantly longer and exercise was more (p < 0.05). The normal group had more frequent intakes of tunas, squid, radishes, the green parts of radish, cucumbers, carrots and Iucchinis, tomatoes, and grapes than the risk group (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). In conclusion, breakfast eating, exercise, intakes of some foods such as anchovies, radishes, carrots, zucchinis and tomatoes were significantly important factor to prevent bone density risk.