• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.153-168
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to determine the influence of midsole hardness and sole thickness of sports shoes on ball flex angle and position with increment of running velocity. The subjects employed for this study were 10 college students who did not have lower extremity injuries for the last one year and whose running pattern was rearfoot striker of normal foot. The shoes used in this study had 3 different midsole hardness of shore A 40, shore A 50, shore A 60 and 3 different sole thickness of 17cm, 19cm, 21cm. The subjects were asked to run at 3 different speed of 2.0m/sec, 3.5m/sec, 5.0m/sec and their motions were videotaped with 4 S-VHS video cameras and 2 high speed video cameras and simultaneously measured with a force platform. The following results were obtained after analysing and comparing the variables. Minimum angle of each ball flex position were increased with the increment of running velocity and shoe sole thickness(P<0.05), but mid-sole hardness did not affect minimum ball flex angle. The position which minimum angle was shown as smallest was 'D'. Midsole hardness and sole thickness did not affect time to each ball flex minimum angle, total angular displacement of ball flex angle, and total angular displacement of torsion angle(P<0.05). The position which minimum angle was appeared to be earliest was similar at walking velocity, and E and F of midfoot region at running velocity. Total angular displacement of ball flex position tended to increase as shifted to heel. It was found that running velocity had effects on ball flex angle variables, but shoe sole thickness partially affected. It would be considered that running velocity made differences between analysis variables at walking and running when designing shoes. Also, it was regarded that shoes would be developed at separated region, because ball flex angle and position was shown to be different at toe and heel region. It is necessary that midsole hardness and thickness required to functional shoes be analyzed in the further study.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.58-66
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• 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic-loaded cement spacers (ALCSs) for the treatment of diabetic foot infections with osteomyelitis as a salvage procedure and to analyze the risk factors of treatment failure. Materials and Methods: This study reviewed retrospectively 39 cases of diabetic foot infections with osteomyelitis who underwent surgical treatment from 2009 to 2017. The mean age and follow-up period were $62{\pm}13years$ and $19.2{\pm}23.3months$, respectively. Wounds were graded using the Wagner and Strauss classification. X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (or bone scan) and deep tissue cultures were taken preoperatively to diagnose osteomyelitis. The ankle-brachial index, toe-brachial index (TBI), and current perception threshold were checked. Lower extremity angiography was performed and if necessary, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was conducted preoperatively. As a surgical treatment, meticulous debridement, bone curettage, and ALCS placement were employed in all cases. Between six and eight weeks after surgery, ALCS removal and autogenous iliac bone graft were performed. The treatment was considered successful if the wounds had healed completely within three months without signs of infection and no additional amputation within six months. Results: The treatment success rate was 82.1% (n=32); 12.8% (n=5) required additional amputation and 5.1% (n=2) showed delayed wound healing. Bacterial growth was confirmed in 82.1% (n=32) with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus being the most commonly identified strain (23.1%, n=9). The lesions were divided anatomically into four groups; the largest number was the toes: (1) toes (41.0%, n=16), (2) metatarsals (35.9%, n=14), (3) midfoot (5.1%, n=2), and (4) hindfoot (17.9%, n=7). A significant difference in the Strauss wound score and TBI was observed between the treatment success group and failure group. Conclusion: The insertion of ALCSs can be a useful treatment option in diabetic foot infections with osteomyelitis. Low scores in the Strauss classification and low TBI are risk factors of treatment failure.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was retrospectively to evaluate the results of the modified Kidner procedure for symptomatic accessory navicular in athletes. Materials and Methods: Between July 1999 and December 2004, 26 feet in 22 patients with symptomatic accessory navicular who had underwent modified Kidner procedure were available for clinical follow-up, and 12 cases in 9 patients were available for clinical and radiological follow-up with a minimum follow-up of 5 years were included in this study. All those patients had symptomatic accessory navicular bone who underwent modified Kidner procedure. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and satisfaction rate were investigated. Talo-first metatarsal (T-MT1) angle, talo-calcaneal (TC) angle, and calcaneal pitch (CP) angle were measured in standing lateral radiograms. Results: AOFAS score was improved from $40.8{\pm}7.5$ (32~57) preoperatively to $88.7{\pm}8.0$ (72~100) postoperatively, and the difference was significant (p<0.01). VAS was improved from $7.0{\pm}0.9$ (5~9) preoperatively to $1.8{\pm}0.8$ (1~4) postoperatively, and the difference was significant (p<0.01). At the lastest follow up, 11 feet were very satisfied, 11 feet satisfied, and 4 feet unsatisfied (a satisfaction rate 85.0%). No significant difference was observed for T-MT1 angle (p=0.67), TC angle (p=0.93), and CP angle (p=0.49). Conclusion: Modified Kidner procedure for the symptomatic accessory navicular showed satisfactory results and is appeared to be one of the useful treatments.