• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.648-658
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• 1995

The present study has been performed to evaluate the clinical, microbiological, biochemical and immunological parameters associated with the periodontal disease activity in adolescent periodontitis. 21 young adolescents with evidences of periodontal attachment loss participated in the study for upto 3 years of examination. Probing pocket depths and attachment levels of whole dentitions were annually recorded and 4 deepest pockets, with initial probing depth ${\geq}$ 4mm, were selected as the representative experimental sites of a patient. Sites experiencing attachment loss ${\geq}$ 1mm during the 3-year experimental period were designated as the active sites and these sites were examined for the microbiological and biochemical profiles at the time when attachment loss occurred. Microbiological assay included cultural studies and PerioScan for monitoring BANA(+) organisms(e.g. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Bacteriodes forsythus). Biochemical assay has been performed for monitoring GCF levels of neutral protease. Serum IgG and IgG2 titers against Porphyromonas gingivalis 381 were determined of a patients at the beginning and the end of the study, respectively for patient-based analysis. The results indicated that the parameters consisting of microbiological cultures and GCF neutral protease exhibited low association with the periodontal disease activity in adolescents. However, the specificity for microbiological culture of the selected periodontopathic organisms(Aa,Pg,Pi) were considerably high. Moreover, the clinical pameters such as bleeding on probing and presence of plaque as well as IgG levels against Pg at the baseline exminations were closely associated with the subsequent evidences of attachment loss during the whole experimental period(3-year).

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.689-696
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• 1997

This paper discussed effect of the surface roughness and the hydrophobicity of support material on the microbial attachment In a rotating biological contactor. The by- drophoblclty of each support material was determined by the measurement of contact angle of water and the surface roughness was measured by the surface roughness In- strument. Microorganisms have well attached on the surface of more hydrophilic support material like Nylon6 than that of the hydrophobic support material like PE. When the relatively hydrophilic surface was roughen, the microbial attachment was increased but when the relatively hydrophobic surface was roughen, the attachment was slightly In- creased because the hydrophobicity of support material was Increased by roughening the hydrophobic surface. Although both variables, the surface hydrophobicity and the surface roughness, have Influenced the microbial attachment, the influence of the surface roughness overruled that of the surface hydrophobicity. Support material whose surfaces were roughened about 1mm, 6mm and 11mm were allowed for attached 3, 7 and 24hr, but the differences of maximum and minimum attachment of each material gave nearly constant values and similar trend with time.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.104-108
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• 1990

The chromosomal DNA of Agrobacterium tumefaciens contains the genes required for bacterial attachment to plant cell which is an essential atage in crown gall tumorigenesis by Ti-plasmid. In order to clone the genes, Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain A5512 was mutagenized by transposon Tn5 and two Agrobacterium tumefaciens mutants which are attachment-defective and nontumorigenic were isolated. From one of the two mutants, a chromosomal virulence region which was required for attachment to the plant cells was cloned.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.170-182
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of minocycline-loaded polycaprolactone strip on periodontal disease. Ten patients with probing depth (deeper than 5mm) were tested. Of the two periodontal pockets selected from each patient, one randomly selected pocket was treated by the insertion of 30% minocycline-loaded polycaprolactone sttip as the experimental group and the other with a minocycline-free polycaprolactone strip as the control group. All groups were examined by clinical and microbiological methods. 1. Plaque index scores, gingival index scores and sulcular bleeding index scores in both group were significantly reduced from the baseline to 2 weeks. Plaque index scores of experimental group and sulcular bleeding index scores of control group tended to be progressively reduced in all experimental periods. 2. Probing depth amounts in both group were significantly reduced from 4 weeks to 8 weeks. 3. Attachment loss amounts in both group shows no singnificant differences in time. Attachment loss amounts in experimental group tended to be less than those in control group. 4. The number of cocci in both groups were significantly increased in all experimental periods, but that of the non-motile rods were significantly reduced from 2 weeks in experimental group, and from 4 weeks in control group, that of the motile rods were reduced from 4 weeks in experimental group and from 1 week in control group. The number of spirochetes were reduced from I week during all experimental period in experimental group, but there was no changes in control group.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.237-246
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• 1988

The higher bacterial numbers on clay than on sand were caused by different environmental factors. Such factors affecting the adsorption of E. coli ATCC 11775 in the sediment as follows; optimal pH range for the adsorption of E. coli ATCC 11775 was pH 7.5-pH 9.5. E. coli ATCC 11775 were shown maxima in the salinity of 18.$75%_{o}$ on sand type sediment and $12.5%_{o}$ on clay type sediment. Bacteria attached better to clay typed sediment than to sand typed sediment when organic substance was eliminated. Beef extract of 0.5%-1% concentration was found to promote the attachment of E. coli ATCC 11775 effectively. Peptone of 0.5% was enganced the attachment on the clay, and peptone of 1.3%-5%, on the sand. E. coli ATCC 11775 was found to adsorb onto benthonite with the highest efficiency and on celite with the lowest efficiency. Efficiency of adsorption by inorganic ions was shown due to higher values of ion. Adsorption was achieved in the order of $Al^{3+}, Ca^{2+}, Na^{+}$.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.351-363
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• 1990

A mutant was selected by NTG treatment of Mycobacterium sp. NRRL B-3805, which was capable of degrading plant sterol to androsta-4-ene-3, 17-dione and yields was higher than NRRL B-3805. Also this mutant produced androst-4-ene-3, 17-dione faster than NRRL B-3805. It described the mode of sitosteroidal degradation, and the interrelation between cell membrane and its attachment to substrate during the sterol degradation process by this mutant and it was compared with Mvcobacterium sp. NRRL B-3805.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.62-70
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• 1978

Chlorine was used for inactivation of bacteriophage f2 at pH 5.5, 7.5, and 10.0 at $10^{\circ}C$. The inactivation rate phage with chlorine varied depending on the pH value and reaction time. Hypochlorous acid appeared to be the major species of free chlorine for the inactivation. Suevival of the phage treated with chlorine and infectivity of the RNA extracted from the chlorinated phage were examined. The RNA extracted from untreatd phage was chlorinated and its infectivity was assayed. All three samples showed similar rates of inactivation at pH 5.5 and 7.5, but the naked RNA was more susceptible to chlorine at pH 10.0. The rate of inactivation was compared naked RNA was more susceptible to chlorine at pH 10.0. The rate of inactivation was compared with specific and non-specific attachment of the phasge f2. The specific attachment of the phage increased after the phage had been inactivated by extended chlorination. Chlorine may penetrate to the becteriophage f2 by altering the structural integrity of the protein coat, but the main target of free chlorine for inactivation of the phage appeared to be the phage RNA.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.193-203
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• 1998

20 Subjects with clinical diagnosis of adult periodontitis with sites having average pocket depth of 4mm were selected for the study. After scaling and root planing of those sites, 30% minocycline-HCI contained in biodegradable device were inserted in one group, scaling and root planing was carried out in another group and the last group was without any periodontal treatment. the difference between the group was detemined by pocket dept, bleeding on prbing, attachment level, distribution of subgingval plaque bacteria. Conclusion was made for the comparisons between baseline and 4 week and the groups. 1. In analysis of pocket depth, there was significant sifference in scaling and root planing group only. 2. Both the scaling and root planing group and minocycline group showed significant decrease in bleeding on probing. 3. There was significant increase in the attachment level in scaling and root planing group, but no difference was foundbetween the groups. 4. There was significant decrease in the total number of subgingival bacteria in all groups and the number of motile bacteria decreased significantly in the minocycline group. These result indicate that insertion of Minocycline-HCI at the base of periodntal pocket was useful as an additional aid of mechanical trarment at the point of periodontal pocket, bleeding on probing, attachment level, microbial distribution.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.93-101
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• 2015

The efficacy of air-polishing on subgingival debridement, as compared to scaling and root planning (SRP), was evaluated clinically and microbiologically. Fifteen patients diagnosed as chronic periodontitis, and having single-root tooth over 5 mm of pocket depth symmetrically in the left and right quadrant, were investigated. Subgingival debridement was performed by SRP and air-polishing. The results were evaluated and compared clinically and microbiologically. Probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), relative attachment level (RAL) and change of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed before treatment, and at 14 and 60 days after treatment. Microbial analysis was done pre-treatment, post-treatment, and at 14 and 60 days after treatment. Results of air polishing showed that post treatment, the PPD and BOP decreased, and attachment gain was observed. There was no clinical difference when compared to SRP. The volume of GCF decreased at 14 days, and increased again at 60 days. Compared to SRP, there was a statistical significance of the volume of GCF at 60 days in air-polishing. In the microbial analysis, high-risk bacteria that cause periodontal disease were remarkably reduced. They decreased immediately after treatment, but increased again with the passage of time. Thus, our results show that subgingival debridement by air-polishing was effective for decrease of pocket depth, attachment gain, decrease of GCF and inhibition of pathogens. Further studies are required to compare air-polishing and SRP, considering factors such as degree of pocket depth and calculus existence.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.421-432
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• 1994

The local route of antibiotic administration can accomplish higher therapeutic doses in subgingival sites than those possible by systemic therapy. This investigation assessed on the clinical and microbiological effect of 30% Minocycline loaded polycaprolactone film (Mino-strip) on rapidly progressive periodontitis. Mino-strip was applied in the periodontal pockets of 15 patients with clinically diagnosed as a rapidly progressive periodontitis. 8sites for each patient with a 5mm probing pocket depth were selected in split mouth design and were assigned into group. i.e., placebo(group 1), supragingival scaling and R/P(group 2), Mino-strip applied only(group 3), R/P and Mino-strip applied(group 4). Supragingival scaling and oral hygiene instruction were performed 1 wk before experiment. Mino-strip was applied weekly on day 0 and 7. Clinical and microbiological test were performed on day 0, 7, 14, 28, 56. In R/P and Mino-strip applied group, Gingival index, GCF volume, probing depth and loss of attachment level were significantly reduced after the first weeks following treatment. In R/P and Mino-strip applied group, the relative proportions of spirochetes and motile rods were significantly reduced and the proportions of cocci and non motile rod were correspondingly increased for eight weeks following treatment. In R/P and Mino-strip treated group, total anaerobic and aerobic bacterial count were significantly decreased for the first two weeks following treatment and streptococcus count was decreased for eight weeks following treatment. In R/P and Mino-strip applied group, P. gingivalis, P. intermedius, B. forsythus, A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, E. corrodens, C. rectus counts were significantly reduced after the first week following treatment. According to this study, it is appeared that 30% Minocycline-loaded polycaprolacton film was effective in the treatment on rapidly progressive periodontitis.