• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 1999

몇가지 土壤微生物劑의 處理가 배추의 收量과 土壤 및 植物體의 化學成分, 그리고 微生物相에 미치는 影響을 調査하였다. 모든 微生物劑 處理區에서 無處理에 비하여 收量이 增加하였고, 糖度 또한 增加하여 微生物劑의 處理가 배추의 收量뿐만 아니라 品質의 向上에도 매우 效果的이라고 思料되었다. 植物體의 化學成分을 調査한 結果, MPK+Compost 處理區에서 Fe와 Zn 含量이 매우 높았으나 有意性은 없었고, 다른 成分들은 處理區間에서 差異가 없었다. 土壤의 化學成分에서는 Tomi 處理區에서 K와 Mg의 含量이 높았으나, 다른 處理區에서는 差異가 없었다. 土壤의 微生物相을 調査한 結果, 總細菌數에서는 Tomi 處理區가 가장 높았고 Husk+Palma 및 MPK+Husk+Palma 處理區에서도 높게 나타났다. Bacillus는 MPK+Husk+Palma 處理區가 가장 높았고 Husk+Palma와 Tomi 處理區에서도 몹시 增加되었다. Actinomycetes와 fungi에서도 Tomi 處理區가 매우 增加하였으나, 다른 處理區間에는 差異가 없었고, psedomonas에서도 各 處理間에 差異가 없었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.474-481
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• 2013

Understanding the microbial community structure of agricultural soils is important for better soil management in order to improve soil quality. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis has been popularly used in determining the microbial community structure in different ecosystems. The microbial community structure of paddy soil under long-term fertilizer treatments was investigated after 45 years using PLFA analysis. Treatments were control (no fertilization, Con), compost (COM), NPK, NPK+compost (NPKC), PK, NK, and NP. Soil chemical properties were mainly affected by the addition of compost and inorganic P fertilizer. Total nitrogen and organic matter contents were significantly higher in treatments with compost while available $P_2O_5$ and exchangeable calcium were significantly higher in treatments with added inorganic P fertilizer. It was found that microbial communities were responsive to the different fertilizer treatments. PLFA results showed that the soils were dominated by gram-negative bacteria, followed by the actinomycetes, then gram-positive bacteria, and fungi. Principal component analysis of the soil chemical properties and PLFA composition proved to be a more reliable tool because it was more responsive to the changes in soil chemical properties.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.767-779
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 신규 개간지 유기농경지에서 가축분퇴비와 녹비작물을 2년간 연용하였을 때 유기물에 의한 밭 토양미생물 군집에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 수행하였다. 가축분 퇴비와 녹비를 연용한 처리구는 화학비료와 무비 처리구에 비해 유기물 함량이 증가하였다. 세균과 사상균 개체수는 유기물을 연용 할수록 유기물 처리구와 화학비료 그리고 무비 처리구간의 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 또한 가축분 퇴비와 녹비 연용으로 토양 미생물체량은 모든 처리구가 증가하였으며 NPK와 무비구에 비해 퇴비, 녹비 처리구에서 높게 나타났다. 유기물 연용에 의한 토양미생물 군집의 기능적 다양성 분석에서 가축분 퇴비, 녹비 처리구가 화학비료나 무비구에 비해 기질 이용도가 유의적으로 증가하였으며 유기물 처리구가 화학비료나 무비구에 비해 높은 종 다양성을 나타냈다. 그리고 주성분 분석에서 제2주성분에 의해 유기물 처리구와 그렇지 않은 화학비료, 무비구로 분리되었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.431-441
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• 2011

Microbial colorants produced from Zooshikella sp. were developed as a reddish dye for fabrics. The reddish colorants were extracted from cell mass of Zooshikella sp. using 100% ethanol and were identified as prodiginine by 1H-NMR and FT-IR analysis. Microbial prodiginine had a maximum spectrophotomatric absorbance at 530nm and were chemically stable and 30 to $60^{\circ}C$. The microbial prodiginine could dye natural fibers such as cotton, silk, and wool as well as synthetic fibers such as nylon. The maximum K/S values of the dyed fiber were shown at 540 run with a color appearance of RP (reddish purple). Silk and nylon had an excellent dyeability among the experimental fibers. The optimum pH for the dyeing of experimental fibers was at pH 3.0 and dyeability was improved as the temperature increased. The cover change of dyed multifiber fabrics with the microbial prodiginine were measured after washing with detergents and a dry cleaning solvent for the selection of a proper fabric against microbial prodiginine. Among the experimental fibers, silk and nylon did not show significant color change after washing. Therefore, under the criteria of dyeability, silk and nylon were excellent fabrics for being dyed by microbial prodiginine.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.580-588
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• 2024

Microbial communities in mangrove forests have recently been intensively investigated to explain the ecosystem function of mangroves. In this study, the soil microbial communities under young (<11 years-old) and old (>17 years-old) mangroves have been studied during dry and wet seasons. In addition, biogeochemical properties of sediments and methane emission from the two different mangrove ages were measured. The results showed that young and old mangrove soil microbial communities were significantly different on both seasons. Seasons seem to affect microbial communities more than the mangrove age does. Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were two top abundant phyla showing >15%. Physio-chemical properties of sediment samples showed no significant difference between mangrove ages, seasons, nor depth levels, except for TOC showing significant difference between the two seasons. The methane emission rates from the mangroves varied depending on seasons and ages of the mangrove. However, this did not show significant correlation with the microbial community shifts, suggesting that abundance of methanogens was not the driving factor for mangrove soil microbial communities.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.601-608
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• 2014

This study evaluates changes in yogurt with Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (U. davidiana) in terms of its physicochemical, microbial, and sensory properties during storage. The pH value and mean microbial counts of this yogurt with 0.2 to 0.8% of U. davidiana added ranged from 4.1 to 4.3 and from $1.4{\times}10^8$ to $2.3{\times}10^8cfu/mL$, respectively, during storage at $7^{\circ}C$ for 16 d. In terms of its color, the L value was significantly higher in the control and U. davidiana yogurt 0.2 to 0.4% up to 4 d, than other yogurt samples, and the b value was influenced by the addition of U. davidiana over 0.6% throughout the storage. According to a sensory test, there was a significant difference in the yellowness score between U. davidiana yogurt and the control, but earthy, and bitterness, and viscosity scores were similar. Overall acceptability was not significantly influenced after 8 d of storage in all yogurt samples, including the control. According to these results, concentrations (0.2 and 0.4%) of U. davidiana yogurt had no significantly adverse effects on its physicochemical, microbial, and sensory properties.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.262-270
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• 2015

The scientific information between microbial community and chemical properties of reclaimed tidal soil is not enough to understand the land reclamation process. This study was conducted to investigate the relation between chemical properties and microbial activities of soils from reclaimed tidal lands located at south-western coastal area (42 samples from Goheuong, Samsan, Bojun, Kunnae, Hwaong and Yeongsangang sites). Most of the reclaimed soils showed chemical characteristics as salinity soil based on EC. Only $Na^+$ in exchangeable cation was dependent on EC of reclaimed soil, whereas other cations such as $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Mg^{2+}$ were independent on EC. The mesophilic bacteria decreased with an increase in EC of soil. Microbial population increased with soil organic content in the range of $0{\sim}10g\;kg^{-1}$ and dehydrogenase activity less than $100{\mu}g-TPF\;g^{-1}h^{-1}$. Microbial population of soils from reclaimed tidal lands was closely related to the microbial community containing hydrolytic enzyme activities of cellulase, amylase, protease, and lipase.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2008

고추 재배지 포장에서 고추 품종과 퇴비 시용 수준이 토양 미생물 활성과 다양성에 미치는 효과를 검증하고자 본 시험을 실시하였다. 2007년 4월에 퇴비를 30톤과 60톤 $ha^{-1}$을 살포한 다음, 영고4호와 고은 고추를 5월에 정식하였으며 8월 초에 토양을 채취하였다. 토양 미생물 활성은 탈수소 효소활성과 fluorescein diacetate(FDA) 수화도로 측정하였으며, 토양 미생물 군락은 $EcoPlate^{TM}$와 인지질 지방산을 분석하여 조사하였다. 모든 조사 항목에서 품종간 유의성 있는 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 퇴비 30톤과 60톤 $ha^{-1}$처리는 토양의 pH와 미생물 군락을 변화시켰고, 퇴비 60톤 $ha^{-1}$처리는 토양 유기물과 칼리 함량 증가 그리고 탈수소효소 활성과 FDA 수화도 증가에 효과적이었다. 결론적으로 단기적으로는 토양 화학적, 미생물적 특성에 미치는 영향이 고추 재배 품종보다는 퇴비 등의 유기 개량제의 영향이 크지만, 장기적으로 고추재배 품종 특히 '영고4호'가 일반 재배 품종과는 다른 토양 미생물적 특성을 유도할 수 있는 가능성을 보여 주었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.487-493
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• 2013

The effects of long-term fertilization on soil biological properties and microbial community structure in the plough layer in a rice paddy soil in southern Korea were investigated in relation to the continuous application of chemical fertilizers (NPK), straw based compost (Compost), combination these two (NPK + Compost) for last 40 years. No fertilization plot (Control) was installed for comparison. Though fertilization significantly improved rice productivity over control, the long-term fertilization of NPK and compost combination was more effective on increasing rice productivity and soil nutrient status than single application of compost or chemical fertilizer. All fertilization treatments had shown significant improvement in soil microbial properties, however, continuous compost fertilization markedly increased soil enzyme and microbial activities as compared to sole chemical fertilization. Results of microbial community structure, evaluated by EL-FAME (ester-linked fatty acid methyl esters) method, revealed big difference among Control, NPK, and Compost. However, both Compost and Compost+NPK treatments belonged to the same cluster after statistical analysis. The combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic amendments could be more rational strategy to improve soil nutrient status and promote soil microbial communities than the single chemical fertilizer or compost application.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2000

As a typical example of the screening for a microbial biocatalyst from nature, isolation of nitrilesynthesizing microorganisms, characterization of a new enzyme aldoxime dehydratase, and its function in the aldoxime-nitrile pathway are introduced. Catalytic properties of some of our enzymes were improved through a direct evolutionary approach.