• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.315-325
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• 2020

Boron compound had many advantages as wood preservative, but it was prone to leaching. Improving boron preservation was required to extend the service life of fast growing and low durability red jabon (Antochephalus macrophyllus) hardwood. This study aimed to evaluate the dimensional stability, color change and durability of modified red jabon wood by double impregnation with boron and methyl methacrylate (MMA) and heat treatment. Impregnation I used boric acid or borax, and impregnation II used MMA, while heat treatment used temperatures of 90 ℃ or 180 ℃ for 4 hours. The dimensional stability, leachability, water absorption, color change and decay resistance of modified red jabon wood were tested. The results showed that MMA impregnation increased the dimensional stability of red jabon wood, while the leaching and water absorption in the wood significantly reduced. Heating at 180 ℃ caused less water absorption and higher dimensional stability of the wood than that of heating at 90 ℃. Impregnation with boric acid and MMA followed by heating at 90 ℃ resulted in the highest wood ASE, 89.9%. The color change (∆E^*) of wood increased significantly after MMA impregnation and heating at 180 ℃. Boric acid impregnation caused more resistant wood than borax impregnation against decay fungi and termites. Impregnation with boric acid and MMA followed with heating at 180 ℃ increased significantly the wood resistance against decay fungi and termites.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제23권2호통권73호
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• pp.114-120
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• 1995

병든 고추에서 수집한 종자에서 Colletotrichum dematium, C. gloeosporioides 및 Glomerella cingulata 등이 습지법에 의해서 검출되었다. C. gloeosporioides는 공시된 종자시료에서 우점종이었으며 그 다음이 C. dematium, G. cingulata의 순이었다. 탄저병균의 종자내 감염부위를 조사한 결과, 종피, 배유 및 자엽에서 C. dematium, C. gloeosporioides 및 G. cingulata가 검출되었으며 3종의 탄저병균의 검출율은 종피에서 더 많았고 배유와 자엽에서는 적었다. C. dematium, C. gloeosporioides와 G. cingulata의 종자감염은 종자부패, 모잘록 및 모마름병을 일으켰다. 접종시험결과 C. gloeosporioides가 가장 병원성이 강하였다. C. dematium은 상처가 있을 때 약한 병원성을 나타냈으며 G. cingulata는 유상 또는 성숙과에 대해서 약한 병원성이 있었다. 탄저병에 대한 종자소독 결과 베노람 수화제와 지오람 수화제의 효과가 우수하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.156-161
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• 1991

고추가루의 돌연변이유발, 보돌연변이 및 항돌연변이 효과를 검토하기 위해 매운맛의 재래종과 덜 매운맛의 교배종을 극성이 다른 용매로 3분획한 것과 고추의 주요한 매운 성분으로 알려진 capsaicin을 Ames mutagenicity test를 이용하여 연구하였다. 고추가루 추출획분들을 모두 direct한 돌연변이유발성이 없는 것으로 나타났고 MNNG가 존재할 때의 보돌연변이 효과도 나타나지 않았다. 또한 이들은 rat S9이 존재할 때의 indirect한 mutagenicity도 일으키지 않는 결과를 보였다. 고추가루의 주요 매운 성분인 capsaicin도 Aroclor 1254, phenobarbital로 induce시킨 rat S9과 Aroclor 1254로 induce시킨 hamster S9 등의 activation system을 이용하여도 돌연변이유발의 효과는 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 고추가루 추출획분들은 TA100 strain에서 모두 aflatoxin $B_1$의 mutagencity를 오히려 억제시키는 결과를 나타내었는데 이 효과는 고추가루의 첫번째 획분(1st fraction)이 가장 컸었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.196-201
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• 1993

Vitis vinifera 적포도주의 화학성분, 고급 알콜, esters 및 휘발성분 등을 측정하기 위하여 HPLC, GC및 GC-MS등의 기기를 이용하였다. 포도주의 저장 숙성중에는 산류의 변화가 많았는데, 특히 tartaric acid가 현저히 감소하였다. Total phenolics와 phenol flavonoid의 함량은 Malbec 품종으로 제조한 포도주가 각각 470mg/L과 245mg/L로서 Cabernet sauvignon (310mg/L, 135mg/L)과 Cabernet franc (425mg/L, 125mg/L) 포도주보다 많았고, nonfalvonoid의 함량은 Cabernet franc 포도주가 300mg/L로서 Malbec (225mg/L)과 Cabernet sauvignon (175mg/L) 포도주보다 많았다. Acetaldehyde 함량은 Cabernet sauvignon (26mg/L)과 Cabernet franc (28mg/L에 비하여 Malter(33mg/L) 포도주에서 많았다. Methyl alcohol, propanol 및 isoamyl alcohol은 다른 두 포도주에 비하여 Cabernet sauvignon 포도주에서 많았고, isobutanol은 Malbec 포도주가 64mg/L이었으며, ethylacetate는 Cabernet franc 포도주가 35mg/L로서 Malbec (28mg/L)과 Cabernet sauvignon (23mg/L) 보다 많았다. 세품종(Cabernet sauvignon, Cabernet franc, 및 Malbec)의 포도주 농축물로부터 GC를 이용하여 87~91여종의 휘발성분을 분리하였고, 그 중 terpine-4-ol을 비롯한 35종을 GC-MS를 사용하여 동정하였다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.66-69
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• 2002

Zinc chlorin 1 possessing tertiary 3$^1$_hydroxy and 13$^1$-oxo groups was synthesized as a model for the antenna chlorophylls of photosynthetic green bacteria. Self-aggregation of 1 in nonpolar organic solvents was examined and compared to 2 and 3 possessing a secondary and primary 3$^1$_hydroxy group, respectively. Zinc chlorin 1 self-aggregated in I％(v/v) CH$_2$Cl$_2$-hexane to form oligomers and showed a red-shifted Qy maximum at 704 nm compared to the monomer (648 nm in CH$_2$CI2$_2$). This red-shift is larger than that of 3$^1$S-2 (648 to 697 nm) and comparable to that of3$^1$R-2 (648 to 705 nm), but smaller than that of 1 (648 to 740 nm), indicating that while a single 3$^1$-methyl group (primary to secondary OH) suppressed tight and/or extended aggregation, the additional 3$^1$-methyl group (secondary to tertiary OH) did not further suppress aggregation. The relative stability of the aggregates was in the order 3> 3$^1$R-2∼ 1 > 3$^1$S-2 as determined by visible spectral analyses. Molecular modeling calculations on oligomers of zinc chlorins 1, 3$^1$ R-2 and 3 gave similar well-ordered energy-minimized structures, while 3 stacked more tightly than 3$^1$ R- 2 and 1. In contrast, 3$^1$S-2 gave a relatively disordered (twisted) structure. The calculated oligomeric structures could explain the visible spectral data of 1-3 in nonpolar organic solvents. Moreover, self- aggregation of synthetic zinc 13$^1$_oxo-hlorins 4-6 possessing a 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl and 3- hydroxy-I-propenyl group at the 3-position in nonpolar organic solvents was discussed.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.190.1-190.1
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• 2016

One of the most serious problems faced by billions of people today is the availability of fresh water. According to statistics, 15% of the world's total output of dye products is discharged into the environment as dye wastewater, which seriously pollutes groundwater resources. For the treatment of chemically and biologically contaminated water the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) shows the promising action. The main advantage with AOPs is the ability to degrade the organic pollutants to $CO_2$ and $H_2O$. For this degradation process the AOPs generation of powerful and non-selective radicals that may oxidize majority of the organic pollutants present in the water body. To generate the various reactive chemical species such as radicals (${\bullet}OH$, ${\bullet}H$, ${\bullet}O$, ${\bullet}HO_2$) and molecular species ($H_2O_2$, $H_2$, $O_2$) in large amount in water, we have used the atmospheric pressure plasma. Among the reactive and non-reactive species, the hydroxyl radical (${\bullet}OH$) plays important role due to its higher oxidation potential (E0: 2.8 V). Therefore, in this work we have checked the degradation of various dyes such as methyl orange, methylene blue and congo red using different type of atmospheric pressure plasma sources (Indirect jet and direct jet). To check the degradation we have used the UV-visible spectroscopy, HPLC and LC-MS spectroscopy. Further, to estimate role of ${\bullet}OH$ on the degradation of dyes we have studied the molecular dynamic simulation.

• 공업화학
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.482-487
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• 1993

반응성과 성형성이 우수한 졸-겔법을 이용하여 비선형 광학물질인MNA(2-Methyl-4-nitro-aniline), Carbazole 1(5-Nitro-9-hydroxyethyl Carbazole), Carbazole 2(5-Nitro-9-ethyl Carbazole) 그리고 DR1(Disperse Red 1)을 Silica matrix에 조합시킨 유-무기계 복합박막을 제조하였다. 이들 유-무기계 복합박막의 열적 안정도와 분해정도를 비교한 결과 -OH기를 갖는 Carbazole 1과 DR 1이 열분해에 대한 안정성이 우수하다는 것을 알았다. Carbazole 1의 편극화 처리로 UV 흡광도의 현저한 감소가 일어났고 상온에서 전기장을 제거하자 UV 흡광도의 느린 회복이 발견되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2014

Scuticociliates are regarded as serious pathogens in marine aquaculture worldwide. In Korea, they cause mass-mortalities in fish such as the commercially important olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. In particular, mixed infections of scuticociliates with pathogenic bacteria have been commonly reported. During efforts to identify natural marine-algae derived products that possess anti-bacterial and anti-scuticociliate properties, we found that an 80% methanolic extract of the red alga Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey exhibits both anti-scuticociliate activity against Miamiensis avidus, which is a major causative agent of scuticociliatosis, and anti-bacterial activities against fish pathogenic bacteria. Activity-guided fractionation and isolation of the 80% methanolic extract of P. morrowii yielded three bromophenols, which were identified as 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether (1), 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (2) and urceolatol (3) based on spectroscopic analyses. 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether (1) showed the highest anti-bacterial and anti-scuticociliate activities, with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of $62.5{\mu}g/mL$ (against Vibrio anguillarum) and minimal lethal concentration (MLC) of 62.5 ppm (in seawater). Investigations of the anti-bacterial and anti-scuticociliate activities of seventeen bromophenol derivatives, including the three isolated natural bromophenols, showed that the existence of an electron donating group or atom with a non-covalent electron pair at $C_4$ of the 2-bromophenol structure may be important in anti-scuticociliate activity. These findings suggest that the extract and bromophenol derivatives of P. morrowii may provide useful alternatives in aquaculture anti-scuticociliate therapies.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2002년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.773-776
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• 2002

Efficient organic white light-emitting diodes are fabricated by doping [bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) (tripheny-siloxy)aluminium (III)] (SAlq), a blue-emitting layer, with a red fluorescent dye of 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-{2-(2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzo[i,j]quinolizin-8-yl)vinyl}-4H-pyran (DCM2). The incomplete energy transfer from blue-emitting SAlq to red-emitting DCM2 enables to obtain a balanced white light-emission. A device with the structure of ITO/TPD (50 nm)/SAlq:DCM2 (30 nm, 0.5 %)/$Alq_3$ (20 nm)/LiF (0.5 nm)/AI shows emission peaks at 456 nm and 482 nm from SAlq and at 570 nm from DCM2. The white light-emitting device shows an external quantum efficiency of about 2.3 %, a luminous efficiency of about 2.4 lm/W, and the CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.32, 0.37) at 100 cd/m^2. A maximum luminance of about 23,800 cd/m^2. is obtained at 15 V and the current density of 782 mA/cm^2.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.141-152
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• 1996

Many eastern females concern themselves about the condition and the color of their skin. The purpose of the present study is to classify the skin trouble and the change of the facial color due to hormonal cycle in female. We examined the actual cricumstances by questionnaires, and made patch tests of methyl nicotinate, representing rubefacient, to estimate the epidermal penetratin rate, and measured the facial color change during the menstrual cycle period to invest the correlation factors between skin trouble due to cosmetics and facial color change. Fifty-two percent of subjects had skin trouble relating to cosmetics. One second of subjects with skin trouble due to cosmetic complained the change of sysptom by menstrual cycle. The changes of systptom were related on premenstrual period. The skin trouble developed mainly on the first trimester of the pregnancy. In patch test of methyl nicotinate, most cases showed decreased threshold of the reaction on minstruation, and other cases showed increased reactivity of the skin of menstruation. In facial color measurements, it proves in the appearance of red spot, darkness, increasing the value and turning the hue to yellowish, Also it demonstrates that premenstruation hue turn red and value level decrease. During the period, facial color turns pale and hue progress to yellow. This fact coincides with the questionnaire. We have quqntified through questionnaire, which demonstrates it has good correlation with done to the subjects among the internal environment factors hormonal cycle influences the facial color change and the skin trouble due to cosmetics. Through this paper the development of an more fragmented make-up and skin care products is required to increase the interest to females, to make true the creation of beauty.