• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.31-49
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was performed to assess the protective effect of Polygonum multiflorum(PM) on UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes damage. Methods: The protective effects of Polygonum multiflorum(PM) were determined by UVB-irradiated HaCaT assay. We assessed protective effects of Polygonum multiflorum(PM) on LDH release and nitrite production from HaCaT. COX-2, Bcl-2, Bax, $TNF{\alpha}$, c-jun, c-fos, NF-${\kappa}B$, iNOS, Bcl-xL gene expression were determined in HaCaT using real-time PCR method. Results: 1. PM inhibited LDH Release in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 2. PM inhibited Nitrite Production in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 3. PM suppressed the Gene Expression of COX-2 in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 4. PM increased the Gene Expression of Bcl-2 in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 5. PM didn't increase the Gene Expression of Bax in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 6. PM suppressed the Gene Expression of $TNF{\alpha}$ in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 7. PM suppressed the Gene Expression of c-jun in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 8. PM suppressed the Gene Expression of c-fos in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 9. PM suppressed the Gene Expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 10. PM suppressed the Gene Expression of i-NOS in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes. 11. PM didn't increase the Gene Expression of Bcl-xL in UVB-irradiated HaCaT Keratinocytes Conclusions: In conclusion, these results suggest that PM inhibited the cell damage in UVB-irradiated HaCaT.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.2719-2724
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• 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of annexin a1 (ANXA1) and provide molecular evidence to support that decreased ANXA1 expression could enhance cancer migration and invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry of a tissue microarray with 162 surgically resected PDAC specimens was performed to examine the expression of ANXA1. We also investigated the relationship between ANXA1 expression and clinicopathological factors and prognosis of PDAC patients. We further studied the role of ANXA1 in PDAC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by cell proliferation assay, migration assay and matrigel invasion assay with reduced ANXA1 expression by RNAi. Western blotting was used to detect matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) expression. We also detected MMP-9 enzyme activity by gelatin zymography. Results: Decreased expression of ANXA1 was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage of PDAC patients (p<0.05). Moreover, decreased expression of ANXA1 was correlated with poor survival (p<0.05). Furthermore, we found that ANXA1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest, increased PDAC cell migration and invasion capacity compared with controls. In addition, Western blotting showed that ANXA1 knockdown increased the MMP-9 protein level and decreased TIMP-1 expression. Gelatin zymography showed that MMP-9 enzyme activity was also elevated. Conclusions: Negative ANXA1 expression is a most unfavorable prognostic factor for PDAC patients. ANXA1 knockdown inhibits cell proliferation by inducing G1 phase cell cycle arrest and increases migration and invasion of PDAC cells through up-regulating MMP-9 expression and activity, implying that ANXA1 may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PDAC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2145-2152
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• 2014

Background: The survival rate for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has remained generally unchanged in the past three decades, underlining the need for more biomarkers to be developed to aid prognostication and effective management. The prognostic potential of E-cadherin expression in OSCCs has been variable in previous studies while galectin-9 expression has been correlated with improved prognosis in other cancers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of galectin-9 and E-cadherin in OSCC and their potential as prognostic biomarkers. Materials and Methods: E-cadherin and Galectin-9 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 32 cases of OSCC of the buccal mucosa (13 with and 19 without lymph node metastasis), as well as 6 samples of reactive lesions and 5 of normal buccal mucosa. Results: The expression of E-cadherin in OSCC was significantly lower than the control tissues but galectin-9 expression was conversely higher. Median E-cadherin HSCOREs between OSCCs positive and negative for nodal metastasis were not significantly different. Mean HSCOREs for galectin-9 in OSCC without lymph node metastasis ($127.7{\pm}81.8$) was higher than OSCC with lymph node metastasis ($97.9{\pm}62.9$) but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: E-cadherin expression is reduced whilst galectin-9 expression is increased in OSCC. However, the present results suggest that E-cadherin and galectin-9 expression may not be useful as prognostic markers for OSCC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1231-1233
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the expression of DLC-l in breast carcinoma and any association with tumor metastasis. Methods: 51 surgical specimens of human breast carcinoma, divided into high invasive and low invasive groups according to their clinicopathological features, 30 cases of adjacent normal tissue and 28 benign breast lesions were examined by qRT-PCR for expression of DLC-1. Results: Expression level of DLC-1 in adjacent normal tissue and benign breast lesion specimens was higher than that in breast carcinoma (P<0.0001); the values in the high invasive group with synchronous metastases were also lower than in the low invasive group (P=0.0275). The correlation between DLC-1 expression level and tumor progression and metastasis of breast cancer was negative. Conclusion: As an anti-oncogene, DLC-1 could play an important part in breast carcinoma occurrence, progression, invasiveness and metastasis. Detecting the changes of the expression of DLC-1 in the breast carcinoma may contribute to earlier auxiliary diagnosis of invasiveness, metastasis and recrudescence.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2014

In relation to spatial expression, the remediation theory of Jay David Bolter & Richard Grusin shows a sufficient possibility of providing extended idea and experience through the space of critical representation. The remediation theory discussed in the scope of new media says about the existence method and the development process of media through immersion into media and awakening, and one attribute of remediation which aims at the extension of another realistic experience and recognition through various media, contains common denominators which display diversity and complexity of installation space, and use the audience as expression elements. Therefore, this study aims to apply the remediation theory in order to interpret space using more diverse and multisensory expression methods. For achieving this purpose, this study found the connection among characteristics of hypermediacy which is an axis of installation and remediation theory, and analyzed diverse cases regarding installation space and characteristics of hypermediacy, depending on external aspects of form and expression and internal aspects of experience and cognition. The method of hypermediation expression in installation space converts the recognition about the basic custom of new experience, space and representation. This means that the logic of remediation could approach space by leading to more extended form and recognition. In conclusion, the characteristics of space and the possibility of extended expression revealed in the relationship between installation space and hypermediacy logic would provide another developmental significance for research on space design.

• Genes and Genomics
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• 제40권11호
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• pp.1237-1248
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• 2018

Introduction Cellulose microfibril is a major cell wall polymer that plays an important role in the growth and development of plants. The gene cellulose synthase A (CesA), encoding cellulose synthases, is involved in the synthesis of cellulose microfibrils. However, the regulatory mechanism of CesA gene expression is not well understood, especially during the early developmental stages. Objective To identify factor(s) that regulate the expression of CesA genes and ultimately control seedling growth and development. Methods The presence of cis-elements in the promoter region of the eight CesA genes identified in flax (Linum usitatissimum L. 'Nike') seedlings was verified, and three kinds of ethylene-responsive cis-elements were identified in the promoters. Therefore, the effect of ethylene on the expression of four selected CesA genes classified into Clades 1 and 6 after treatment with $10^{-4}$ and $10^{-3}M$ 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) was examined in the hypocotyl of 4-6-day-old flax seedlings. Results ACC-induced ethylene either up- or down-regulated the expression of the CesA genes depending on the clade to which these genes belonged, age of seedlings, part of the hypocotyl, and concentration of ACC. Conclusion Ethylene might be one of the factors regulating the expression of CesA genes in flax seedlings.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8469-8474
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• 2014

Introduction: Recent studies have indicated that down-regulation of the suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) gene results in tumor formation and that SOCS-1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene. SOCS-1 has been also suggested to function as a tumor suppressor with colorectal cancer. Objectives: In the present study, we aimed to determine the association of SOCS-1 expression in colorectal cancer tissues with clinicopathologic characteristics immunohistochemically and also to identify its prognostic significance. Materials and Methods: SOCS-1 expression was studied immunohistochemically in 67 patients diagnosed with resected colorectal carcinomas and 30 control subjects. Results: SOCS-1 expression was found in 46.3% of tumor tissues and 46.7% of the control group. Statistical analyses did not establish any significant association between SOCS-1 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics. Also, no significant association with SOCS-1 expression was found using progression-free survival and overall survival analyses (p=0.326 and p=0.360, respectively). Conclusions: Our results show that SOCS-1 has no prognostic significance in colorectal cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2145-2148
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• 2012

Objective: This study concerns expression of PBK/TOPK during differentiation of HL-60 leukemic cells induced by tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA). Methods: Wright-Giemsa staining was performed to observe morphological changes in the HL-60 cells, and flow cytometry was used to assess the cell cycle and CD11b, CD14, CD13, and CD33 expression. PBK/TOPK levels were determined by Western blot analysis. Results: After treating HL60 cells with $5.1{\times}10^{-9}$ mmol/L of TPA for three days, the number of nitroblue-tetrazolium-positive cells and CD11b, CD13, and CD14 expression increased, whereas the PBK/TOPK levels decreased. Conclusions: TPA can inhibit proliferation and induce differentiation of HL60 cells of the granulocytic or monocytic lineage. PBK/TOPK expression was downregulated during this process, whereas the Pho-PBK/TOPK expression was increased.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.2459-2463
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• 2015

Background: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of zinc finger protein 217 (ZNF217) in human colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Materials and Methods: The expression of ZNF217 in 60 CRC tissues and matched tumor adjacent tissues, collected between January 2013 and June 2014, was assessed immunohistochemically. The relationship between the expression of ZNF217 and clinicopathlogical features was analyzed by Pearson chi-square test. In addition, siRNA was used to down-regulate the expression of ZNF217 in CRC cells. The effects of ZNF217 for cell migration and invasion were measured by wound healing assay and transwell assay, respectively. Results: The expression level of ZNF217 was significantly higher in CRC tissues than in tumor adjacent tissues (p<0.05), positively correlating with tumor size, lymphatic metastasis and advanced TNM stage (p<0.05). Down-regulation of ZNF217 in CRC cells could significantly suppress cell migration and invasion. Conclusions: ZNF217 is overexpressed in colorectal carcinoma tissues and is associated with tumor malignant clinicopathological features. ZNF217 may promote CRC progression by inducing cell migration and invasion.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.149-165
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of Artermisiae Capillaris Herba, Curcumae Rhizoma, Loranthi Ramulus, and Orostachys Herba on expression of angiogenic factors in HepG2 cells. Materials and Methods : The mRNA expression level and protein secretion level of angiogenic factors were measured using quantitative RT-PCR, western blot and ELISA assay respectively in Artermisiae Capillaris Herba, Curcumae Rhizoma, Loranthi Ramulus, Orostachys Herba -treated and untreated HepG2 cells. Results : Curcumae Rhizoma, Loranthi Ramulus, and Orostachys Herba reduced mRNA expression level and protein secretion level of angiogenic factors, but Artermisiae Capillaris Herba increased it, especially VEGF and bFGF in HepG2 cells. Conclusions : The results indicate that Artermisiae Capillaris Herbapromotes expression of angiogenic factors but Curcumae Rhizoma, Loranthi Ramulus, and Orostachys Herba inhibit expression of angiogenic factors in HepG2 cells. The result is expected that Curcumae Rhizoma, Loranthi Ramulus, Orostachys Herba have an inhibitive effect of angiogenesis in HCC.