• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 1998

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor except for multiple myeloma. Hematogenous spread of osteosarcoma presents the t1susal route of dissemination. Lung metastasis is the most common, however the lymph node involvement is quite rare. In addition, according to Mirra, radiologically detectable involvement of lymph node is an extremely rare manifestation of osteosarcoma. The authors had experienced a patient with an osteosarcoma of the right distal femur which spread to the right inguinal lymph node and lung. After preoperative chemotheraphy, a limb salvage operation was performed around the lesion of right distal femur and the right inguinal lymph nodes were dissected. A adjuvant postoperative chemotheraphy was performed. After the treatment, there was no recurrence of osteosarcoma or any other metastatic evidence for two years and 8 months.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1102-1111
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• 2022

Objective: To evaluate the ultrasonography (US) features for diagnosing metastasis in cervical lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with thyroid cancer and compare the US classification of risk of LN metastasis between European and Korean guidelines. Materials and Methods: From January 2014 to December 2018, US-guided fine-needle aspiration was performed on 836 LNs from 714 patients for the preoperative nodal staging of thyroid cancer. The US features of LNs were retrospectively reviewed for the following features: size, presence of hilum, margin, orientation, cystic change, punctate echogenic foci (PEF), large echogenic foci, eccentric cortical thickening, abnormal vascularity, and cortical hyperechogenicity. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent US features for the diagnosis of metastatic LNs. The diagnostic performance of independent US features was subsequently evaluated. LNs were categorized according to the Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS) and European Thyroid Association (ETA) guidelines, and the correlation between the two sets of classifications was assessed. Results: Absence of the hilum, presence of cystic changes, PEF, abnormal vascularity, and cortical hyperechogenicity were independent US features of metastatic LNs. Cystic changes, PEF, abnormal vascularity, and cortical hyperechogenicity showed high specificity (86.8%-99.6%). The absence of the hilum had the highest sensitivity yet low specificity (66.4%). When LNs were classified according to the ETA guidelines and K-TIRADS, they yielded similar categorizations of malignancy risks and were strongly correlated (Spearman coefficient, 0.9766 [95% confidence interval, 0.973-0.979]). According to the ETA guidelines, 9.8% (82/836) of LNs were classified as "not specified." Conclusion: Absence of hilum, cystic changes, PEF, abnormal vascularity, and cortical hyperechogenicity were independent US features suggestive of metastatic LNs in thyroid cancer. Both K-TIRADS and the ETA guidelines provided similar risk stratification for metastatic LNs with a high correlation; however, the ETA guidelines failed to classify 9.8% of LNs into a specific risk stratum. These results may provide a basis for revising LN classification in future guidelines.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.163-167
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• 2009

Sinonasal malignant tumors comprise less than 1% of all cancers and 3% of all malignant tumors of the head and neck, which explains a lack of large series addressing the clinical characteristics and management of these tumors. Neck node metastasis occurs in only about 7% to 15% of malignant tumors compared with other head and neck cancers. A 90-yr-old woman presented with left palpable neck mass and right nasal mass occupying nasal cavity. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of left neck mass results in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma(SCC). PET/CT shows intense FDG uptake in right nasal cavity with bone invasion. Histopathologic examination of excised lesion in the right nasal cavity revealed SCC. We report here on a primary sinonasal SCC with contralateral lymph node metastasis.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.25-31
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• 2021

Background/Objectives: Although thyroid lobectomy recently is considered as sufficient for low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), completion thyroidectomy is required due to the insufficiency of the preoperative evaluation. The aim of this study was to investigate recurrence rate and disease free survival depending on the gross extrathyroidal extension (gETE) or the number of metastatic lymph node identified in patients with PTC. Materials & Methods: We assessed 3373 patients with PTC who underwent lobectomy at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital (Seoul, Korea) between January 2009 and December 2014. Clinicopathological characteristics and long-term surgical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed through complete chart reviews. The mean follow-up duration was 97.1 ± 21.4 months. Results: The rate of recurrence was higher in gETE group (1.8% vs. 6.0%, p=0.004), leading to decreased disease free survival in Kaplan-Meier analysis (log-rank p<0.001). N1 group (n=1389) was analyzed into two groups whether the number of positive nodes is more than 5 or less. For the group of the more metastatic nodes, the recurrence rate higher compared to the other group (3.0% vs. 9.3%, p<0.001). DFS was longer in the group that had lesser metastatic nodes (log-rank p<0.001). However, in terms of N1 group over 1cm (n=492), No statistical difference was observed according to the number of positive lymph nodes (4.5% vs. 9.1%, p=0.092) Conclusion: When it comes to node positive PTC, Despite the number of positive lymph nodes was over 5, follow-up with no further surgery can be an option.

• 대한세포병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.06a
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• pp.31-32
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• 1993

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.668-671
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• 2015

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.254.1-254
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 1974

52 cases of metastatic lung tumor, including 22 [42.3%] choriocarcinoma., 13[25%] liver cancer, 6 [7.5%] stomach cancer, 2 bone tumor, etc, were reviewed at Busan National University Hospital, during a 5 year period ending with 1974. The age distribution of metastatic lung tumor were same in second decade to 5th decade. The most common appearances of roentgenograms of metastatic lung tumor were that of multinodular [42.3%], diffuse acinar [21.1%],infiltrative or pneumonic[21.1%], solitary lesion [9.6%] and diffuse micronodular [5.7%]. The metastatic lesions originated from choriocarcinoma revealed multinodular and acinar in roentgenogram, and the lesions originated from liver and stomach cancer revealed infiltrative and acinar. In our series, the positive hilar lymph node enlargement was encountered in 12 cases, of which 4 were in liver cancer and 3 were in stomach cancer. Pleural effusion was also encountered in 5 cases, of which 3 were in liver cancer. The treatment of this series was almost conservative except of 2 cases of pulmonary resection, and the reason of this limited cases of surgical treatment was seemed due to the delayed direction of metastasis to lung beyond the proper indication of surgery.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4469-4475
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• 2012

Background: The potential use of hypomethylation of Long INterspersed Element 1 (LINE-1) and Alu elements (Alu) as a biomarker has been comprehensively assessed in several cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Failure to detect occult metastatic head and neck tumors on radical neck lymph node dissection can affect the therapeutic measures taken. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the LINE-1 and Alu methylation status and determine whether it can be applied for detection of occult metastatic tumors in HNSCC cases. Methods: We used the Combine Bisulfite Restriction Analysis (COBRA) technique to analyse LINE-1 and Alu methylation status. In addition to the methylation level, LINE-1 and Alu loci were classified based on the methylation statuses of two CpG dinucleotides in each allele as follows: hypermethylation ($^mC^mC$), hypomethylation ($^uC^uC$), and 2 forms of partial methylation ($^mC^uC$ and $^uC^mC$). Sixty-one lymph nodes were divided into 3 groups: 1) non-metastatic head and neck cancer (NM), 2) histologically negative for tumor cells of cases with metastatic head and neck cancer (LN), and 3) histologically positive for tumor cells (LP). Results: Alu methylation change was not significant. However, LINE-1 methylation of both LN and LP was altered, as demonstrated by the lower LINE-1 methylation levels (p<0.001), higher percentage of $^mC^uC$ (p<0.01), lower percentage of $^uC^mC$ (p<0.001) and higher percentage of $^uC^uC$ (p<0.001). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, $%^uC^mC$ and $%^mC^uC$ values revealed a high level of AUC at 0.806 and 0.716, respectively, in distinguishing LN from NM. Conclusion: The LINE-1 methylation changes in LN have the same pattern as that in LP. This epigenomic change may be due to the presence of occult metastatic tumor in LN cases.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.120-127
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the immunologic role of lymph node (LN) and stage migration by assessing LN count and metastatic LN count. Methods: A total of 2,117 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma located in the body and antrum who underwent distal/subtotal gastrectomy with D2 LN dissection between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2008 were enrolled. LN count and number of metastases were determined in the N1 tier (area of D1 dissection) and N2 tier (area of D2 dissection). The lower and upper quartiles of LN counts in the same pN stage were grouped to compare the prognosis and LN positivity according to the LN tier. Results: Stage migration from N1 tier to N2 tier occurred in 3.2% of cases. The 5-year disease-specific survival rates of the upper and lower LN count groups within the N1 tier were 91.0% and 86.7% (P=0.01), respectively. LN positivity in the N2 tier of the lower LN count group was higher than that of the upper LN count group (14.1% vs. 8.2%, P<0.01). Stage migration in the N2 tier of the lower LN count group was also higher than that of the upper LN count group (4.6% vs. 1.8%, P<0.01). Conclusion: The lower LN count group had a decreased survival rate compared to that of the upper LN count group, suggesting that perigastric LN has an immunological defense role in weakening the disseminating power of metastatic tumor cells, as indicated by the LN count.