• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.31-39
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• 2016

The joining technology of the metal and engineering plastic is rising lately as the important issue in concerning with the method of reducing the weight and air pollution of the transportation structure such as automotive and vehicles. The metal/ plastic joining technology has been developed in 2 types of adhesively bonding and direct joining without adhesives. Moreover, in the direct joining method, there are 2 kinds of mechanical joining and welding. This review paper presents the present world wide status and tendency of the development of metal/plastic joining technology. This article intends to offer the materials for development and raising of the domestic metal/plastic joining technology.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.116-127
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• 2010

Metal acid dyes are usually used to dye wool fabric to achieve high concentrated color and strong color fastness. However, metal acid dyes contain lots of heavy metal. That causes not only environmental pollution but also diseases to human. In this study, wool reactive dyes instead of metal acid dyes for wool, which are environmental friendly, are compared and analyzed in the evaluation system of their harmfulness, containing heavy metals and examined exhaustion rates and dyeing characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.303-310
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• 2008

Heavy metal concentration of Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb were analysed from seaweeds (Ulva pertusa, Sargassum thunbergii, Caulacanthus okamurae), sediments and seawater at the two experimental sites of Daebul and Sabjin industrial complex in Mokpo coastal area with a control site (Heugsando). Highest values of heavy metals were found at two experimental sites influencing by various pollution sources such as industrial drains, sewage and harbours. In contrast, the lowest concentrations was observed at the control site without any pollution source. The concentration levels of accumulated heavy metals were in the following order: seaweeds > sediments > seawater. Similar spatial distribution patterns were observed at the seaweeds, sediments and seawater for the highest mean values of the different heavy metals. This result show that seaweeds could be used as a biomonitors of heavy metals at coastal region.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-45
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• 1984

In order to investigate the pollution of heavy metal in soil, chinese cabbage and radish collected from Singal interchange (highway area), Anyang stream, Jungryang stream (stream basin) and Chunchun dong, Suweon (non-polluted area), this study was carried out from July to October in 1983. The contents of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectrqphotometry. Generally in soil, the contents of heavy metals in highway area were lower than that in Anyang stream and Jungryang stream, but higher than that in non-polluted area. (Chunchun dong, Suweon). The vegetable samples of highway area were more polluted compared with that of Chunchun dong, Suweon. The contents of heavy metals in radish were higher than that of chinese cabbage and radish leaves were more polluted than roots.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 1981

In order to investigate water pollution of heavy metals in the Nagdong Estuary, samples were collected five times from August 1978 to April 1979 every other month, and analyzed for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed no significant heavy metal pollution in most parts of the studied areas, except near the outfalls of the Sasang Industrial Complex. In general, the heavy metal contents were higher in the dry season than in the rainy season due to the dilution effect of river water flow. Distribution of heavy metals in the dissolved and the particulate fractions were also investigated.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.657-664
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• 2007

The content and distribution of some heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb) were investigated in the <$63{\mu}m$ bed sediments of the Mangyeong river to recognize the extent of contamination. Results showed that a wide range of concentrations was apparent for every metal. These variations were particularly significant at the confluence of tributaries. High levels of metals occur mainly in the confluence of tributaries. Geoaccumulation indexes have been calculated to assess whether the concentration observed represent background or contaminated levels. It is proved that the Mangyeong River is moderately to strongly polluted for Mn, Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb. The spatial extent of pollution was examined, and it was found that the most polluted area is located in the confluence of Iksan and Jeonju tributaries.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.57-76
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• 2024

Recent advancements in electronic devices and wireless communication technologies, particularly the rise of 5G, have raised concerns about the escalating electromagnetic pollution and its potential adverse impacts on human health and electronics. As a result, the demand for effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials has grown significantly. Traditional materials face limitations in providing optimal solutions owing to inadequacy and low performance due to small thickness. MXene-based composite materials have emerged as promising candidates in this context owing to their exceptional electrical properties, high conductivity, and superior EMI shielding efficiency across a broad frequency range. This review examines the recent developments and advantages of MXene-based composite materials in EMI shielding applications, emphasizing their potential to address the challenges posed by electromagnetic pollution and to foster advancements in modern electronics systems and vital technologies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.657-666
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• 1999

The first option in manure management is developing an environmentally sound nutritional management. This includes proper feeding programs and feeds which will result in less excreted nutrients that need to be managed. Critical components that should be controlled are N, P and minerals that are used at supranutritional levels. Amino acid supplementation and protein restriction reduce N excretion in the monogastric animals. Supplementation with enzymes, such as carbohydrases, phytase and proteases, can be used to reduce excretion of nutrients and feces by improving digestibility of specific nutrients. Growth promoting agents, such as antibiotics, beta-agonists and somatotropin, increase the ability of animals to utilize nutrients, especially dietary protein, which results in reduced excretion of N. Some microminerals, such as Cu and Zn, are supplemented at supranutritional level. Metal-amino acid chelates, metal-proteinates and metal-polysaccharide complexes can be used at a much lower level than inorganic forms of metals without compromising performance of animals. Deodorases can be used to avoid air pollution from animal manure. Nutritional management increases costs to implement. It is necessary to assess the economics in order to find an acceptable compromise between the increased costs and the benefits to the environment and production as well.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.28-32
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• 2000

There are many different chemical pollutants that originate from atmospheric deposition and transportational activities along roads. This paper review the characteristics of heavy metal pollution, relationships between land use and pollutant load in urban area. Four land use areas in Seoul were selected for sampling and study with different characteristics during the period from April 1998 and February 2000. A series of studies have been carried out concerning the physicochemical characteristics of the sediments settling down in a gully pot to evaluate the contamination for heavy metals. The sediment samples from gully pots were characterized by the chemical extraction experiments. Sediments are characterized by very high concentrations of heavy metals, probably because of a long-term accumulation of vehicle- and industrial-related pollutants. The characteristics of heavy metal pollution show that each land use has different sources of contaminations. Mean Zn concentration in Yeouido and Junggu areas is 2-3 times higher than those in Dobonggu area. This suggests that Zn may be derived from the source of automobile traffic. The mean concentrations of Cu and Cr are very significantly high in Junggu and Gurogu areas and indicate that the industrial activities may contribute to the accumulation of Cu and Cr in sediments. The low Pb levels throughout the whole study areas in Seoul can be accounted for the use of unleaded gasoline since 1987.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.100-104
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• 1992

The research in this paper centers on a comparative risk assessment for nearby air pollution by carcinogenic metal emission from municipal solid waste incinerators. If a substance is identified as a potential human carcinogen, the carcinogenicity may be related to the chemical form of a substance and the route of exposure. This type of information with regard to carcinogenic uncertainty is incorporated into hazard quantification. In addition to the dioxin emission, the metal emission from municipal solid waste incineration is found to be a major contributor to human cancer risk via the inhalation route. The magnitude of risk by metals is about 5 times greater than that of risk by dioxins. Hexavalent form of chromium and cadmium compounds are major contributors to cancer risk from metal emission. In addition, hexavalent chromium is known to be human carcinogen while 2,3,7,8-TCDD is known to be only probable human carcinogen.