• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제80권3호
• /
• pp.304-310
• /
• 2017

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a chronic inflammatory disorder. We evaluated whether white blood cell (WBC) count, is associated with the severity of COPD, independent of other inflammatory conditions, such as metabolic syndrome. Methods: The WBC counts were compared between 1227 COPD patients and 8679 non-COPD adults older than 40. The relationships between the WBC count, lung function, and symptoms score in COPD patients, were determined, using general linear regression analyses. Results: The WBC count was negatively associated with forced vital capacity (FVC, L), FVC (% predicted), forced expiry volume in one second ($FEV_1$, L), and $FEV_1$ (% predicted) in COPD patients. Additionally, the WBC count was independently associated with the quality of life measure, by EQ5D-index score. However, this relationship between WBC count, and disease severity, was not significant in current smokers, because of the confounding effect of smoking, on the WBC count. Conclusion: The WBC count is associated with current smoking status and COPD severity, and a risk factor for poor lung function, and quality of life, especially in non-currently smoking COPD patients. The WBC count can be used, as an easily measurable COPD biomarker.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2008

Objectives Obesity is the major risk factor of the heart disease and the metabolic disease. The autonomic nervous system is a key contributor in the regulation of energy balance, so the blunted activity may contribute to the maintenance of the obese state. So we evaluated the function of the autonomic nervous system in young overweight and obese women with heart rate variability. Methods The subjects were 26 overweight and obese young women(BMI〉$23kg/m^2$) and 25 lean women who visited Kangnam Kyunghee hospital for obesity management from March 2006 to April 2008. Bioimpedance Analysis (BIA), short-term spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) were performed. Results HRV of obese young group was lower than the lean young group, but there is no statistical significance. BMI had significantly a negative correlation with Low Frequency(LF) of HRV. LF power is mediated by sympathetic nervous system activity. These results indicate a decrease of sympathetic modulation in overweight and obese young women. Conclusions Overweight and obese young women have decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. In clinical practice, an assessement of HRV would be noninvasive and sensitive methods for sympathetic nervous system of young overweight and obese women.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.287-301
• /
• 2001

Osteoporosis is a age-related metabolic disorder. Currently there is no cure, but there are measures that can prevent or deter the development of osteoporosis. Futhermore lifestyle among risk factors of osteoporosis may be modifiable. Osteoporotic preventive health promotion behavior may be more effective at early adult when they make formation of peak bone mass. The purpose of this study is to identify the demographic variables, life-style and level of concern about osteohealth-related factors according to the health promotion behavior among university female students. The result are following: 1. The highest level of concern about osteoporosis-related factor is sufficient sleeping. 2. The highest level of dietary about osteoporosis-related factors are vegetable and fruit. 3. Level of concern about osteoporosis-related factors according to demographic variables are not significantly different, but dietary were significantly different in age, height and income. 4. Level of concern about osteoporosis-related factors according to lifestyle are significantly different in weekly hour of exercise and weight control, and dietary are significantly different in milk intake at elementary school and present. 5. Level of concern about osteoporosis-related factors have correlated positively with dietary. University and College female students who participated in this study have concerned middle at calcium intake and exercise, but two variables are significantly different in lifestyle and dietary. Because of two variables are modifiable, it should be regarded importantly in nursing domain. We suppose that preventive education of osteoporosis is necessary to reach peak bone mass and to maintain bone mass consistently among the University and College female students.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2010

Our objective of current study was to investigate the development of bone and heart in association with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM was induced by administering an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg) to 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Body weight and blood glucose were monitored, and rats were sacrificed after 2 or 5 weeks. The left ventricle (LV), including the interventricular septum, was weighed, and body weight and tibial bone length were assessed. Young diabetic rats showed reduced growth in terms of tibial length and body weight compared to controls. Moreover, diabetic males showed more significant growth suppression and reduced LV size than diabetic females. Morphometric analysis of tibiae from diabetic rats revealed suppressed bone growth at 2 and 5 weeks, with no difference between genders. STZ-induced diabetes decreased bone growth and retarded pre-pubertal heart development. As a result, diabetes may increase cardiovascular risk factors and lead to eventual heart failure. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are required for diabetic children exhibiting growth retardation. Heart growth factor, exercise, and cardiopulmonary physical therapy may be required to promote heart development and physiological function.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.227-235
• /
• 2016

Obesity is a major risk factor for various metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we prepared ethanol extracts from Agastache rugosa (ARE), Chrysanthemum zawadskii (CZE), Mentha arvensis (MAE), Perilla frutescens (PFE), Leonurus sibiricus (LSE), Gardenia jasminoides (GJE), and Lycopus coreanus (LCE). The anti-oxidant and anti-adipogenic effects were evaluated. The $IC_{50}$ values for ascorbic acid and LCE against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals were $246.2{\mu}g/mL$ and $166.2{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, followed by ARE ($186.6{\mu}g/mL$), CZE ($198.6{\mu}g/mL$), MAE ($337.1{\mu}g/mL$), PFE ($415.3{\mu}g/mL$), LSE ($548.2{\mu}g/mL$), and GJE ($626.3{\mu}g/mL$). In non-toxic concentration ranges, CZE had a strong inhibitory effect against 3T3-L1 adipogenes (84.5%) than those of the other extracts. Furthermore, the anti-adipogenic effect of CZE is largely limited in the early stage of adipogenesis, and we revealed that the inhibitory role of CZE in adipogenesis is required for the activation of Wnt signaling. Our results provide scientific evidence that the anti-adipogenic effect of CZE can be applied as an ingredient for the development of functional foods and nutri-cosmetics for obesity prevention.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2005

Osteoarthritis has been considered a disease of the elderly because it is uncommon before the age of 40 years and is seen in approximately 80% of United States citizens older than 65 years. general population on kuri city in korea revealed that prevalence of knee osteoarthritis is 10.2%, increasing with age. High level of physical activity in men and age, post-menopause and obesity in women can be risk factor. Osteoarthritis is no evidence that a acquired process initiated much earlier in life through mechanical, metabolic, genetic, or other origins. A high tibial osteotomy alters static lower extremity alignment thereby decreasing medial compartment loading. As well, conservative treatment strategies, such as knee braces and valgus heel wedges, affect lover limb mechanics and attempt to reduce medial compartment loading. It was hypothesized that valgus heel wedges and modified orthoses would shift the center of pressure laterally on the foot during level walking, reducing the moment arm of the adduction moment in the frontal plane, thereby resulting in a decrease in the knee adduction moment. In the 1980s, the effect of wearing a laterally wedged insole on osteoarthritic patients with a varus deformity of the knee was firsted, and since then, kinematic and kinetic analyses concerning this condition have mainly focused on a static standing position. Since the early 1990s, the beneficial effect of wearing a laterally wedged insole to treat osteoarthritis of the knee has also been reported in dynamic conditions, but these studies did not answer the question of the kinematic and kinetic mechanisms that resulted in the reduced symptoms in patents with knee osteoarthritis. therefore, the effect of wearing laterally wedged insole has not been sufficiently studied.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제78권4호
• /
• pp.436-439
• /
• 2015

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which originated from neuroendocrine tissue, can develop into paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes, such as Cushing syndrome, because of an inappropriate secretion of ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This paraneoplastic syndrome is known to be a poor prognostic factor in SCLC. The reason for poor survival may be because of a higher risk of infection associated with hypercortisolemia. Therefore, early detection and appropriate treatment for this syndrome is necessary. But the diagnosis is challenging and the source of ACTH production can be difficult to identify. We report a 69-year-old male patient who had severe hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypertension as manifestations of an ACTH-secreting small cell carcinoma of the lung. He was treated with ketoconazole and spironolactone to control the ACTH dependent Cushing syndrome. He survived for 15 months after chemotherapy, which is unusual considering the poor outcome of the ectopic ATH syndrome associated with SCLC.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.1409-1415
• /
• 2009

Obesity is especially a serious health problem in industrialized countries, because it is considered to be a risk factor associated with the genesis or development of various metabolic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tanshinone IIA from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge on induction of apoptossis and inhibition of adipogenesis in in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes. The results demonstrated that tanshinone IIA decreased cell population growth of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, assessed with the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) assay. Flow cytometric analysis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes exposed to tanshinone IIA showed that apoptotic cells increased in a timeand dose-dependent manner. Treatment with tanshinone IIA decreased the number of normal cells and increased the number of apoptotic cells in a dose-dependent manner. The induction of apoptosis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by tanshinone IIA was mediated through the activation of caspase-3 and Bax, and then through the cleavage of PARP and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, tanshinone IIA significantly decreased the amount of intracellular triglycerides and GPDH (glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results suggest that tanshinone IIA efficiently induces apoptosis and inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.745-754
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has increased worldwide. Although a low serum vitamin D level is known to be associated with the risk of CVD, the mechanism is not well understood yet. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ (25[OH]D) with homocysteine and apolipoprotein B (ApoB). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Of 777 subjects recruited from one health promotion center for routine heath exam from January 2010 to December 2016, 518 subjects were included in this study. Serum 25(OH)D, serum homocysteine, and other metabolic parameters including ApoB were analyzed. Simple and partial correlations were carried out after adjustments. Simple linear regression analysis was used for precise correlation of parameters. Multivariate regression analysis was done to know which factor (serum homocysteine or ApoB) was more related to serum 25(OH)D after adjustments. Finally, logarithms of homocysteine concentrations according to tertiles of serum 25(OH)D were compared. RESULTS: After sex and age adjustments, serum 25(OH)D showed negative correlations with serum homocysteine (r' = -0.114) and ApoB (r' = -0.098). In simple linear regression analysis, serum 25(OH)D showed a significant negative correlation with ApoB (P = 0.035). However, in multivariate regression analysis, serum 25(OH)D was significantly associated with serum homocysteine after adjustments (P = 0.022). In addition, serum homocysteine concentration was significantly high in the lowest 25(OH)D group (P = 0.046). CONCLUSION: Serum 25(OH)D concentration showed a stronger negative association with serum homocysteine than with ApoB.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.197-204
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Obesity is the major risk factor of the heart disease and the metabolic disease. And many obese women have dysfunction of the endocrine system. There are many reports about oriental obesity treatment program. In clinics, the electroacupuncture with exercise is believed more effective. But the difference of weight loss as exercise and women was not studied. Methods: The subjects were 75 young women who visited Kangnam Kyunghee hospital for obesity management from March 2006 to July 2008. Six treatments had performed, the weight loss checked at every treatment. 52 women treated by oriental obesity treatment with exercise, 23 women treated therapy without exercise. As the exercise and the age, the weight loss was compared. Results: The weight loss of electroacupuncture with exercise was higher than that of electroacupuncture without exercise, but was not significant. The weight loss of perimenopausal women was significantly low. Conclusion: The comparison of electroacupuncture with exercise and electroacupuncture without exercise was not significantly different. The weight loss of the older women would be less than the weight loss of the younger.