• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1951-1964
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• 2016

1,4-Dioxane-degrading bacterial consortia were enriched from forest soil (FS) and activated sludge (AS) using a defined medium containing 1,4-dioxane as the sole carbon source. These two enrichments cultures appeared to have inducible tetrahydrofuran/dioxane and propane degradation enzymes. According to qPCR results on the 16S rRNA and soluble di-iron monooxygenase genes, the relative abundances of 1,4-dioxane-degrading bacteria to total bacteria in FS and AS were 29.4% and 57.8%, respectively. For FS, the cell growth yields (Y), maximum specific degradation rate ($V_{max}$), and half-saturation concentration ($K_m$) were 0.58 mg-protein/mg-dioxane, $0.037mg-dioxane/mg-protein{\cdot}h$, and 93.9 mg/l, respectively. For AS, Y, $V_{max}$, and $K_m$ were 0.34 mg-protein/mg-dioxane, $0.078mg-dioxane/mg-protein{\cdot}h$, and 181.3 mg/l, respectively. These kinetics data of FS and AS were similar to previously reported values. Based on bacterial community analysis on 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two enrichment cultures, the FS consortium was identified to contain 38.3% of Mycobacterium and 10.6% of Afipia, similar to previously reported literature. Meanwhile, 49.5% of the AS consortium belonged to the candidate division TM7, which has never been reported to be involved in 1,4-dioxane biodegradation. However, recent studies suggested that TM7 bacteria were associated with degradation of non-biodegradable and hazardous materials. Therefore, our results showed that previously unknown 1,4-dioxane-degrading bacteria might play an important role in enriched AS. Although the metabolic capability and ecophysiological significance of the predominant TM7 bacteria in AS enrichment culture remain unclear, our data reveal hidden characteristics of the TM7 phylum and provide a perspective for studying this previously uncultured phylotype.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 1994

최근 연안에서 시행되고 있는 간척 및 매립공사로 인하여 필연적으로 발생하는 부니가 간석지 생물에 주는 영향을 정량하기 위하여 간석지 생물 중 비교적 호흡량이 큰 동죽을 대상으로 염분 $10\%0,\;20\%0,\;30\%0$과 수온 $15^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C$의 실험조건에서 부니농도 0, 10, 25, 50, 100 및 250ppm을 적용시켜 동죽의 생리활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 1. 동죽개체의 비체중호흡률은 각장이 클수록 감소하는데 수온과 염분이 낮을수록 감소경향이 크게 나타났다. 2. 정상해수(염분 $30\%0$)에서 동죽집단의 평균호흡률, 여수율, 암모니아질소배설률 등은 수온의 저하에 따라 현저한 감소경향을 나타내었다. 3. 부니농도가 높아짐에 따라 호흡률은 감소하는데, 그 감소경향은 회귀직선(R=a+b LogC)으로 표시되며 $30\%0-25^{\circ}C$의 실험구가 저온-저염분 실험구보다 호흡률 감소경향이 더 크게 나타났다. 4. 여수율에 미치는 부니의 영향도 호흡률과 마찬가지로 부니 증가에 따라 감소경향을 보이며 회귀직선(LogF=a+b LogC)으로 표시되었다. 5. 부니농도 50ppm에서 적용일수별 동죽의 누적폐사율(M)은 적용일수(T)에 따라 $M=0.0186T^{2.7965}$로 표시되며 $50\%$ 폐사를 가져오는 일수는 16.8일로 계산되었다. 6. 부니농도 50ppm에서 적용일수별 대사율변동을 보면 대조구 및 실험구 모두 감소경향을 나타내지만 실험구의 호흡률 및 암모니아질소배설률은 대조구보다 더 큰 감소를 보였다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2006

Evaluation of physiological performance of trehalose-producing transgenic rice line was conducted to investigate drought tolerance at early growth stage. Under artificially induced drought condition of 8% polyethylene glycol 6000, this transgenic rice line had leaf photosynthetic rate of 11.08 uml CO$_2$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$, leaf transpiration rate of 8.38 mmol $H_2O$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$ and leaf water potential of -1.12 MPa after 96 hours of treatment. Nakdongbyeo, the parent of this tyansgenic rice line, had photosynthetic rate of 15.42 $\mu$mol CO$_2$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$, leaf transpiration rate of 8,04 mmol $H_2O$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$ and leaf water potential of -0.88 MPa. The other variety used in this experiment for comparison, IR 72, showed higher values than both tyansgenic rice line and variety Nakdonbyeo on all three parameters; leaf photosynthetic rate of 20.61 $\mu$mol CO$_2$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$, leaf transpiration rate of 12.88 mmol $H_2O$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$, and leaf water potential of -0.82 MPa. So this transgenic rice line did not show superior performance in leaf transpiration rate, leaf photosynthetic rate and leaf water potential compared to variety Nakdongbyeo. This result along with visual observation on leaf rolling and drying during the experimental period indicated poor physiological performance of this transgenic rice line. Further studies on metabolic status of stress-induced trehalose, along with study on physiological response of this transgenic rice line during drought stress would shed more light on overall physiological performance of this transgenic rice line.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.386-393
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• 1999

연구배경 : 호흡곤란을 호소하는 폐질환 환자에 대하여 답차 및 자전거 운동을 시행하여 각각의 운동 부하 방법에 따른 심폐기능의 변화의 차이점을 알아 보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 호흡곤란을 동반한 남자 17명과 여자 4명을 대상으로 1주일 이상의 간격을 두고 무작위로 Sensor Medics사의 model No. 2900 자전거 작업계 (bicycle ergometer)와 Sensor Medics사의 Vmax29 treadmill을 이용하여 각각 incremental exercise를 실시하였다. 결 과 : 답차를 이용한 운동부하 폐기능 검사상 자전거 운동에 비하여 $VO_2max$, VEmax, 혐기성 역치값은 유의한 상승을 보였으며, 호흡 및 심박수 예비력은 유의한 감소를 보였다. 결 론 : 운동부하 검사 방법에 따라 호흡기 질환 환자에서 심폐기능 검사치의 유의한 차이를 보이므로 어떠한 운동 부하 방법을 사용하였는지에 따라 결과 해석에 고려가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.973-979
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• 2000

제 I 형 당원병에서 폐고혈압은 드문 합병증으로 외국 문헌에서 6예만이 보고되었으나 국내에는 아직 보고된 바가 없다. 저자들은 최근 제 Ia형 당원병으로 진단 받았던 31세 남자 환자에서 폐고혈압이 동반되었던 예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2016

The study was performed to investigate the effects of whey protein-rich meal substitute added with vitamins, minerals, and lactobacillus powder probiotics on weight loss, body fat, and body composition in 24 female volunteers for 4 weeks. Whey protein-rich meal substitute was consumed with low-fat, high calcium milk (1% fat, 260 mg/200 mL) twice a day. Subjects submitted 3-day diet records and a life-style questionnaire before the study. During the study, subjects were required to turn in a diet record every day and consume the meal substitute formula in the metabolic ward at C university for 4 weeks. Anthropometric measurements were carried out weekly by Inbody 7.0. The dietary intake and anthropometric data were analyzed to compare changes before and after the study by paired t-test with SPSS version 23.0. The subjects were mostly early 20's and either overweight or obese and highly motivated to lose weight. Most of the subjects consumed three meals per day regularly and spent mostly 10~15 minutes for a meal. Their caloric intake was relatively low and decreased from 1,360 kcal at week 0 to 1,100 kcal after 4 weeks. However, total protein intake increased while carbohydrate and fat intakes decreased (p<0.05) after the trial. Nine vitamin intakes after the study improved compared to those before the study (p<0.05). After the study, subjects showed lower body weight (-1.8 kg), body fat (-0.94 kg), percent body fat (-0.86%), as well as waist circumference (-4.52 cm), hip circumference (-0.44 cm), waist hip ratio (-0.05), and triceps skinfold thickness (-2.39 mm) compared to those at week 0 (p<0.05). Muscle mass tended to be less compared to week 0, although there was no significant differences between weeks 0 and 4. In conclusion, diet trial with whey protein-rich meal substitute induced weight loss and positively changed body fat parameters and body composition.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

쇼크(shock)란 조직에 필요한 산소 요구량과 공급 간의 불균형에 의해 유발되는 임상증후군을 말한다. 환자의 치료효과와 생존율 향상을 위해서 쇼크의 조기 진단은 매우 중요하다. 그러나 현재 쇼크 진단에 사용되는 맥박, 혈압 등 생체 징후의 경우 출혈 정도를 제대로 반영하지 못하여 환자에 대한 처치가 늦어질 수 있다. 따라서 쇼크의 조기 진단을 위한 많은 연구들이 진행되어 왔으며, 조직의 저산소증, 대사성 산증을 반영해주는 지표인 젖산 농도와 관류 측정의 유용성이 입증된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 흰쥐를 대상으로 정량적 출혈을 유도한 후, 젖산 농도 측정과 laser Doppler flowmeter를 통해 관류를 측정하였으며, 지혈 후 젖산 농도/관류의 비(ratio)를 생존 예측을 위한 새로운 지표로써 제안하였다. 새로 제안된 지표를 통한 생존예측을 ROC 커브 방법에 적용한 결과, 민감도 90.0%, 특이도 96.7%, 정확도 94.0%를 보였으며, 생존군과 사망군 간 새로운 지표의 유의한 차이도 가장 조기에 보여주었다. 향후 임상 적용 연구를 통해 새롭게 제안한 지표의 임상 적용이 가능하다면, 쇼크 환자를 조기 진단하고 치료효과를 높일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.1206-1212
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• 2000

가미육미지황탕이 BB rat에서 유발되는 당뇨병을 개선시킬 수 있는가를 알아보았다. BB rat은 태아시기부터 생후 120일까지 가미육미지황탕을 공급받았으며 생후 21일된 BB rat 60마리(수놈 30마리, 암놈 30마리)를 무처치군인 BBDP군과 가미육미지황탕을 투여한 군인 BBDP-GY군으로 임의로 배치하여 생후 120일까지 사육하였다. BBDP-GY군의 쥐들에게는 가미육미지황탕을 16mL/㎏ B.W./day 분량으로 물에 섞어 주었다. 가미육미지황탕의 항당뇨 효과는 다뇨, 다음, 고혈당 및 체중감소와 같은 임상적인 요소들에 의하여 조사되었다. 그 결과 가미육미지황탕은 당뇨병의 발병시기를 지연시켰을 뿐만 아니라 당뇨병의 발병율도 현저하게 감소시켰다. 그러나 일단 발병이 되고 나서는 당뇨병의 진전을 지연시키거나 치유하는 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 당뇨의 발병과 동시에 체중의 현저한 감소 및 물 소모량, 배뇨량 그리고 혈당에 있어 현저한 증가가 나타났고 당뇨의 발병이 있기 전에는 체중에 있어서 발병 2-4일전에 체중의 증가가 거의 없거나 또는 약간 있을 뿐 다른 항목들에서는 발병을 알리는 어떤 변화도 나타나지 않았다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.74-84
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• 2021

Objective: Feed additives that modify rumen fermentation can be used to prevent metabolic disturbances such as acidosis and optimize beef cattle production. The study evaluated the effects of liquid and powdered forms of polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP) against Streptococcus bovis and Fusobacterium necrophorum on rumen fermentation parameters in ruminally cannulated non-lactating dairy cows that were adapted or unadapted to a high concentrate diet. Methods: A double 3×3 Latin square design was used with three PAP treatments (control, powdered, and liquid PAP) and two adaptation protocols (adapted, unadapted; applied to the square). Adapted animals were transitioned for 2 weeks from an all-forage to an 80% concentrate diet, while unadapted animals were switched abruptly. Results: Interactions between sampling time and adaptation were observed; 12 h after feeding, the adapted group had lower ruminal pH and greater total short chain fatty acid concentrations than the unadapted group, while the opposite was observed after 24 h. Acetate:propionate ratio, molar proportion of butyrate and ammonia nitrogen concentration were generally greater in adapted than unadapted cattle up to 36 h after feeding. Adaptation promoted 3.5 times the number of Entodinium protozoa but copy numbers of Streptococcus bovis and Fibrobacter succinogens genes in rumen fluid were not affected. However, neither liquid nor powdered forms of PAP altered rumen acidosis variables in adapted or unadapted animals. Conclusion: Adaptation of cattle to highly fermentable carbohydrate diets promoted a more stable ruminal environment, but PAP was not effective in this study in which no animal experienced acute or sub-acute rumen acidosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.282-291
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• 2023

Despite the recent progress in public health measures, malaria remains a troublesome disease that needs to be eradicated. It is essential to develop new antimalarial medications that are reliable and secure. This report evaluated the pharmacokinetics and antimalarial activity of 1,2,6,7-tetraoxaspiro[7.11]nonadecane (N-89) using the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei in vivo. After a single oral dose (75 mg /kg) of N-89, its pharmacokinetic parameters were measured, and t_1/2 was 0.97 h, T_max was 0.75 h, and bioavailability was 7.01%. A plasma concentration of 8.1 ng/ml of N-89 was maintained for 8 h but could not be detected at 10 h. The dose inhibiting 50% of parasite growth (ED₅₀) and ED₉₀ values of oral N-89 obtained following a 4-day suppressive test were 20 and 40 mg/kg, respectively. Based on the plasma concentration of N-89, we evaluated the antimalarial activity and cure effects of oral N-89 at a dose of 75 mg/kg 3 times daily for 3 consecutive days in mice harboring more than 0.5% parasitemia. In all the N-89-treated groups, the parasites were eliminated on day 5 post-treatment, and all mice recovered without a parasite recurrence for 30 days. Additionally, administering oral N-89 at a low dose of 50 mg/kg was sufficient to cure mice from day 6 without parasite recurrence. This work was the first to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics and antimalarial activity of N-89 as an oral drug. In the future, the following steps should be focused on developing N-89 for malaria treatments; its administration schedule and metabolic pathways should be investigated.