• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1298-1302
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• 2023

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.6
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• pp.1492-1496
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• 2020

Mesenteric venous thrombophlebitis secondary to inflammatory processes such as diverticulitis and appendicitis is a rare disease; however, it can nonetheless cause bowel ischemia and infarctions. Radiologic diagnosis is vital for mesenteric venous thrombophlebitis complicated with diverticulitis due to its non-specific clinical presentation and very low incidence. We report a case of a 61-year-old woman with superior mesenteric vein thrombosis and ileocecal diverticulitis on CT, which was resolved after treatment with a combination of antibiotic therapy and right hemicolectomy.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.248-251
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• 2013

Introduction: A post-traumatic mesenteric arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is extremely rare. Case Report: A previously healthy 26-year-old male was injured with an abdominal stab wound. Computed tomography (CT) showed liver injury, pancreas injury and a retropancreatic hematoma. We performed the hemostasis of the bleeding due to the liver injury, a distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy and evacuation of the retropancreatic hematoma. On the 5th postoperative day, an abdominal bruit and thrill was detected. CT and angiography showed an AVF between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the inferior mesenteric vein with early enhancement of the portal vein (PV). The point of the AVF was about 4 cm from the SMA's orifice. After an emergent laparotomy and inframesocolic approach, the isolation of the SMA was performed by dissection and ligation of adjacent mesenteric tissues which was about 6 cm length from the nearby SMA orifice, preserving the major side branches of the SMA, because the exact point of the AVF could not be identified despite the shunt flow in the PV being audible during an intraoperative hand-held Doppler-shift measurement. After that, the shunt flow could not be detected by using an intraoperative hand-held Doppler-shift measuring device. CT two and a half months later showed no AVF. There were no major complications during a 19-month follow-up period. Conclusion: Early management of a post-traumatic mesenteric AVF is essential to avoid complications such as hemorrhage, congestive heart failure and portal hypertension.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.181-185
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• 2020

Damage control surgery (DCS) is an abbreviated laparotomy procedure that focuses on controlling bleeding to limit the surgical insult. It has become the primary treatment modality for patients with exsanguinating truncal trauma. Herein, we present the case of a 47-year-old woman with liver, kidney, and superior mesenteric vein (SMV) injuries caused by a motor vehicle collision. The patient underwent DCS following resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA). In this case report, we discuss the importance of priority setting in DCS for the treatment of multisystem damage of several abdominal organs, particularly when the patient has incurred a combination of major vascular injuries. We also discuss the implications of damage control of the SMV, perihepatic packing, and right-sided medial visceral rotation. Further understanding of DCS, along with REBOA as a novel resuscitation strategy, can facilitate the conversion of uniformly lethal abdominal injuries into rescuable injuries.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2023

Renal nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is the entrapment of the left renal vein between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery. Although uncommon in pediatric patients, early diagnosis is crucial to avoid potential severe complications, such as anemia or renal vein thrombosis. NCS presents a variety of symptoms, most commonly including "Triade's symptoms"-hematuria, proteinuria, and flank pain. Diagnosis and treatment include invasive and noninvasive management, although due to a lack of pediatric clinical studies, management is widely variable. Conservative diagnosis and treatment are recommended as a first-line option for pediatric patients; however, invasive surgical treatment may be recommended based on symptom severity. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of NCS in children to better understand the widely variable incidence, occurrence, and management from early on to allow for early-onset management.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.86-90
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• 2009

An intact female, 5-year old, Shihtzu, weighing 3.2 kg with a history of depression, hypersalivation, dullness, and ataxia for 3 days was referred. Radiographic findings included microhepatica, bilateral renal calculi, and a cystic calculus. Ultrasonography showed microhepatica, decreased visibility of portal veins in the liver, bilateral renal calculi, a cystic calculus, and an abnormal tortuous dilated vessel in the craniodorsal abdomen. A single congenital extrahepatic portoazygous shunt was confirmed through operative mesenteric portography. The patient received surgery using an ameroid constrictor ring and recovered well.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.276-280
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• 2023

Fungal thrombophlebitis of the central vein is a rare, life-threatening disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It requires immediate central venous catheter removal and intravenous antifungal therapy, combined in some cases with either anticoagulation or aggressive surgical debridement. A 70-year-old male patient injured by a falling object weighing 1,000 kg was transferred to our hospital. A contained rupture of the abdominal aorta with retroperitoneal hematoma was treated with primary aortic repair, and a small bowel perforation with mesenteric laceration was treated with resection and anastomosis. After a computed tomography scan, the patient was diagnosed with thrombophlebitis of the left internal jugular vein and brachiocephalic vein. Despite antifungal treatment, fever and candidemia persisted. Therefore, emergency debridement and thrombectomy were performed. After the operation, the patient was treated with an oral antifungal agent and direct oral anticoagulants. During a 1-year follow-up, no signs of candidemia relapse were observed. There is no optimal timing of surgical treatment for relapsed fungal central thrombophlebitis. Surgical treatment should be considered for early recovery.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.232-235
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• 2018

Portal vein provides about three-fourths of liver's blood supply. Portal vein is formed behind the neck of pancreas, at the level of the second lumbar vertebra and formed from the convergence of superior mesenteric and splenic veins. The purpose of this study is to review the normal distribution and variation, morphometry of portal vein and its branches for their implication in liver surgery and preoperative portal vein embolization. It is also helpful for radiologists while performing radiological procedures. A total of fresh 40 livers with intact splenic and superior mesenteric vein were collected from the mortuary of Forensic Department, JSS Medical College and Mysuru Medical College. The silicone gel was injected into the portal vein and different segments were identified and portal vein variants were noted. The morphometry of portal vein was measured by using digital sliding calipers. The different types of portal vein segmental variants were observed. The present study showed predominant type I in 90% cases, type II 7.5% cases, and type III 2.5% cases. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of length of right portal vein among males and females were $2.096{\pm}0.602cm$ and $1.706{\pm}0.297cm$, respectively. Mean and SD of length of left portal vein among males and females were $3.450{\pm}0.661cm$ and $3.075{\pm}0.632cm$, respectively. The difference in the Mean among the males and females with respect to length of right portal vein and left portal vein was found to be statistically significant (P=0.010). Prior knowledge of variations regarding the formation, termination and tributaries of portal vein are very helpful and important for surgeons to perform liver surgeries like liver transplantation, segmentectomy and for Interventional Radiologists.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.171-175
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• 2014

Pancreatic pseudocyst rupture into the portal vein is a very rare complication and only three reported cases were confirmed using MRI. We report the case of a 50-year-old man with fistula formation between the pseudocyst and the portal vein, confirmed noninvasively by MRI. T2-weighted MR images and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed fluid signal intensity within the portal, superior mesenteric, and splenic veins, and a direct communication between the pseudocyst and the portal vein.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.213-218
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• 2006

Purpose : Nutcracker syndrome refers to compression of the left renal vein(LRV) between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery(SMA) that results in elevation of pressure in the LRV and development of collateral veins. It must be considered as a possible factor when hematuria or proteinuria occurs in a healthy child. The purpose of this study is to determine the time to spontaneous resolution in childhood nutcracker syndrome, and to observe whether this is affected by sex, age, proteinuria or initial ratio of peak velocity of LRV. Methods : We investigated 26 patients who were found to have spontaneous resolution by follow-up Doppler ultrasonography among 117 patients diagnosed with nutcracker syndrome by renal Doppler ultrasonography from May 2001 to December 2005. We determined the time to spontaneous resolution in childhood nutcracker syndrome, and observed whether the duration was affected by sex, age, proteinuria or initial ratio of peak velocity. Results : 26 patients(59%) achieved spontaneous resolution by 1.2 years(mean). The time to spontaneous resolution of childhood nutcracker syndrome in 26 patients was $16.71{\pm}9.99$ months(range 6.0-49.2). The time to spontaneous resolution was not affected by sex, age, proteinuria nor initial ratio of peak velocity of LRV. Conclusion : More than half of the patients who were diagnosed by renal Doppler ultrasonography achieved spontaneous resolution. The time to spontaneous resolution was not affected by sex, age, proteinuria nor initial ratio of peak velocity of LRV.