• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제19권1호통권32호
• /
• pp.137-154
• /
• 2006

From the Study on the Pricking blood therapy of ${\ulcorner}$HwangjeNaegyeong${\lrcorner}$, we conclude as follows; 1. The blood is apt to coagulate because of having concreteness. The blood is mainly coagulate as the collateral Meridian, minute collaterals, superficial collaterals and superficial vessels. By way of the Pricking blood therapy, the Stagnation of blood can be circulated, pathogenic factor removed, Eum-Yang(陰陽) and Gi and blood(氣血) can reach their balance. 2. To bloodletting, we should examine minutely, touch carefully with the region of the stagnated blood. After close observation of the stagnated blood, we should remove the stagnated blood up to clear. At the same time, we should observe carefully the color of the stagnated blood. 3. The acupuncture used for the Pricking blood therapy were stone needle, Bongchim(鋒鍼), Chamchim(?鍼), Pichim(?鍼) and Hochim(毫鍼) etc: After ages, from the base of Bongchim(鋒鍼), the three-edged needle became typical form. The skill of the Pricking blood therapy also became diverse, clinical application became wide. 4. After giving medical treatment with the Pricking blood therapy, reactions are various. Among them are side effects and normal effects. 5. The Pricking blood therapy is usually considered as simple sectional curing method, while it was considered as curing disease of JangBu(臟腑) or meridians in ${\ulcorner}$Hwangje-Naegyeong${\lrcorner}$. Therefore, if we sould apply the Pricking blood therapy on the basis of ${\ulcorner}$Hwangje-Naegyeong${\lrcorner}$, we should carefully understand the pattern identification according to Meridians and collaterals, and pattern identification of the Jang-Bu organs.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.362-369
• /
• 2007

Opinions about Simpo[心包:Xinbao], Samcho[三焦:Sanjiao] and Myoungmoon[命門:Mingmen] are controversial from begin of Oriental medicine [醫東學]. In this study I first will focus on each opinion about 3 things above that many doctors had mentioned before and find out the meanings that those doctors had tired to explain. Secondly I will try to consider the meanings of Shimpo Samcho and Myoungmoon themselves. Thirdly I will explain that the relations between Shimpo, Samcho and Myoungmoon by theories of Organs[臟腑]and Meridians[經絡] Korean Oriental Medicine and the substantial meanings through those works that I mentioned above. Finally I could have conclusions about Shimpo, Samcho and Myoungmoon. Shimpo is a intermediation between Shim[心:Xin] and Shin[腎:Shen] at the point of Shimshinsanggyo[心腎相交:Xinshenxiangjiao] and Myoungmoon is a intermediation also as same as Shimp although shimpo is based on Shim and Myoungmoon is based on Shin. sanghwa[相火:Xianghuo] is related to Shimpo and Myoungmoon at the view of the naming structure of Meridians. Each Shimpo and Myoungmoon has the meaning of Sanghwa. Samcho is suppose to be tube structure and have a pair with Sanghwa because of position in the naming structure of Meridians so it contains Sanghwa as a pathway of Sanghwa.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2009

Objectives : The object of this study is to investigate the balance/imbalance of skin capacitances between left and right meridians, and to analyze the change patterns of electric energy on meridians with the lapse of time. Method : Electric potential was measured on five source points (LU9, PC7, HT7, LI4, SI4) bilaterally for 4 hours. The energy balance/imbalance between left and right was investigated, and the change patterns with time were analyzed. Results and Conclusions : The amplitude of meridian energy on five source points and the energy balance/imbalance between left and right were varied in each individual. When a source point showed a balanced meridian energy bilaterally, the change patterns of meridian energy with time were similar between left and right. While, when it showed an imbalanced energy between left and right, the change patterns of meridian energy were also different between left and right. Through this study, we proposed a new diagnostic method of meridian energy.

• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.471-482
• /
• 2001

Infantile Convulsion, one of common emergency symptoms in pediatrics, arises from sudden derangement of the central nerve system, and can cause a sudden loss of consciousness and spasm. It falls into three categories: Acute Infantile Convulsion, Chronic Infantile Convulsion and Chronic Spleen Convulsion. According to research, approximately 6~7% of all babies undergo spasm more than once. Since the treatment must be done immediately, acupuncture & moxibustion treatment can be one of the most important treatments in this Particular case. Therefore, the focus of this study is on how acupuncture & moxibustion can be utilized in the treatment of Infantile Convulsion, and the literary findings are as follows: 1. The meridian points used on acute infantile convulsion are Sugu(GV26), T'aech'ung(Liv3), Hapkok(LI4). 2. The meridians used on acute infantile convulsion are Governor Vessel(GV), Bladder Meridian(BL), Stomach Meridian(ST). 3. The meridian points used on accompanied symptoms with acute infantile convulsion are Haenggan(Liv2), Yangnungch'on(Liv3) on spasm, Paek'oe(GV14) on opisthotonus, Kokchi(LI11), Taech'u(GV14) on fever, Nogung(P8), Yongch'on(K1) on fainting spell, Chok-samri(S36) on body weakness. 4. The meridian points used on chronic infantile convulsion are Shinguol(CV8), Ch'onchj'u(S25), T'aech'ung(Liv3), Kwanwon(CV4), Ch'ukt'aek(L5). 5. The meridians used on chronic infantile convulsion are Conception Vessel(CV), Governor Vessel(GV), Stomach Meridian(ST). 6. The meridian points used on accompanied symptoms with chronic infantile convulsion are Ch'onchj'u(S25), Kolli(CV11) on diarrhea, Taenung(P7), Shinmun(H7) on fainting spell, Kansu(B18), T'aech'ung(Liv3) on spasm. 7. The meridian Points and meridians are Paek'oe(GV14), Sangsung(GV23), Sugu(GV26) of Governor Vessel(GV) and Choiyung(CV16), Shinguol(CV16) of Conception Vessel(CV) and Taedon(Liv1), Changmun(Liv13).

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.29-41
• /
• 2005

Objectives : Although previous anatomic, physiological and biophysics studies have examined the acupuncture meridian system, much remains unclear and controversial. This study was undertaken to examine electrical potential aspects of the meridian system. Electric potential was measured at the well and sea acupoints on the twelve acupuncture meridians (AM), on forty patients half with loin lesions, and pain of loin and lower extremities(LL) and half with shoulder lesions, and aching of shoulder and arm(SA). The object was to determine to what extent electric potential is an important risk factor between LL and SA. Methods : At the left and the right side with each of twenty LL and twenty SA patients, physiograph was used to measure electric potentials of AM ten sessions. T-test was used to compare the mean of electric potential between the two different pain groups and multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the risk of the 24 electric potentials measured. Results and Conclusions : In the LL, the only electric potential that was statistically significantly greater than SA was the bladder meridian on the left side. On the contrary, electric potentials in SA, which includes the large intestine, pericardium, triple burner, spleen, stomach, kidney and gallbladder meridians, were statistically larger than those of LL at the same side. On the right side, the five kinds of electric potentials(lung, large intestine, small intestine, pericardium and gallbladder meridian) of LL were statistically larger than those of SA. On the triple burner, stomach and kidney meridians electric potentials of SA were larger than those in LL. After adjusting for 24 electric potentials, pain risk factors, and different illness categories, multiple stepwise selection logistic regression modeling, resulted in the final selection of a total of 13 statistically significant electric potentials. These were 7 electric potentials at left side - small intestine, triple burner, spleen, stomach, bladder, liver and gallbladder meridian, and 6 at rght side - lung, large intestine, heart, pericardium, kidney and bladder meridian.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2018

Objectives : Most meridians have each well point located at the distal end of fingers or toes, congruous with their meridian courses. Exceptively, ST45(Yeotae), stomach meridian(ST)'s final point, is located at the lateral side of the tip of the second toe, while the tip of the second toe was not mentioned in the course of ST. So, we studied the course of lower limb region of ST. Methods : Courses of ST in Categorized Collection of Literatures on Chinese Meridians and Collaterals(CCM) was examined. The literatures included in CCM was selected as study subjects to be studied if the meridian route was different from "Youngchu" or more detailed notes were attached. There are 3 branches in lower limb region of ST, we analyzed theories of scholars of all time about the 3 branches of ST. Results and Conclusions : Branch 1 descends along the lateral margin of the fibula to the dorsum of foot, entering into the medial side of the middle toe. Branch 2 leaves ST36 separately, terminating at the lateral side of the middle toe. Branch 3 leaves ST42 and descends to the end of the great toe. The medial side of the middle toe equate to the lateral side of the second toe, and it is connected to ST45. So branch 1 is the main stream of ST. Branch 3 drives to the great toe passing between first and second toe, it goes medial side of LR2.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.247-254
• /
• 2017

The meridian theory(經絡學說) is one of the important Korean medical theories distinguishing it from western medicine. The meridian theory(經絡學說) can be divided broadly into meridians(經脈) and collaterals(絡脈). The studies on meridians(經脈) have been relatively advanced, but the studies on the collaterals(絡脈) has not been enough progressed so far. Fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) are the biggest and most important part of collaterals(絡脈). Unlike other collateral(絡脈), fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) have certain routes and their own collateral acupoints(絡穴). So we studied the structure of collateral(絡脈) mainly on fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈). In addition, we searched the Asian symbolic-mathematical(象數學的) meaning of the fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) and newly described them. As a result, the concept of collaterals(絡脈) has been created by the accumulation of clinical experience later than that of meridians(經脈), and it has been formed while the meridian theory(經絡學說) were developed. The meaning of 'fifteen' in fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) could be analysed in three ways based on the result of symbolic-mathematical(象數 學的) study. According to those results, we could find that the structure of fifteen main collaterals(十五絡脈) in "Internal Classic(內經)" was accurate.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.65.1-65.12
• /
• 2021

Background: To assess the normal retina of the pigeon eye using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and establish a normative reference. Methods: Twelve eyes of six ophthalmologically normal pigeons (Columba livia) were included. SD-OCT images were taken with dilated pupils under sedation. Four meridians, including the fovea, optic disc, red field, and yellow field, were obtained in each eye. The layers, including full thickness (FT), ganglion cell complex (GCC), thickness from the retinal pigmented epithelium to the outer nuclear layer (RPE-ONL), and from the retinal pigmented epithelium to the inner nuclear layer (RPE-INL), were manually measured. Results: The average FT values were significantly different among the four meridians (p < 0.05), with the optic disc meridian being the thickest (294.0 ± 13.9 ㎛). The average GCC was thickest in the optic disc (105.3 ± 27.1 ㎛) and thinnest in the fovea meridian (42.8 ± 15.3 ㎛). The average RPE-INL of the fovea meridian (165.5 ± 18.3 ㎛) was significantly thicker than that of the other meridians (p < 0.05). The average RPE-ONL of the fovea, optic disc, yellow field, and red field were 91.2 ± 5.2 ㎛, 87.7 ± 5.3 ㎛, 87.6 ± 6.5 ㎛, and 91.4 ± 3.9 ㎛, respectively. RPE-INL and RPE-ONL thickness of the red field meridian did not change significantly with measurement location (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Measured data could be used as normative references for diagnosing pigeon retinopathies and further research on avian fundus structure.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.131-144
• /
• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to review clinical studies on thread embedding acupuncture (TEA) for the treatment of patients with post-stroke spasticity (PSS) Methods: Clinical studies related to TEA treatment for PSS were searched for in several electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, OASIS, and CNKI. After the selection/exclusion process, information on study design, disease, experimental/control group, intervention, outcome measurement, between-group differences, and adverse events was extracted. Results: A total of 13 randomized controlled trials were included in this review. The usual frequency of TEA treatment was once every 1-2 weeks, and the treatment most commonly included 4 sessions. In the dorsal area, EX-B2 and the acupoints in governing vessel meridian were commonly used. Acupoints in the meridian of the large intestine were most frequently used in the treatment of upper limb spasticity. Except for HT1, PC6, and PC8, all TEA points for treating PSS of the upper limb were on the Yang meridians. For the lower limb spasticity, the most frequently used acupoints were ST36, GB34, GB30, BL60, and BL57 on Yang meridians, and LR3, SP6, SP9, and SP10 on Yin meridians. TEA treatment showed better effects than conventional treatment for PSS in terms of spasticity, motor dysfunction, and activities of daily livings. Nevertheless, the absence of the follow-up observation, lack of sham TEA treatment, and low quality of the included studies necessitated caution in interpreting the results. Conclusions: The results of this review are expected to provide basic data on the modalities of TEA treatment for PSS and provide insights to facilitate well-designed studies in the future.

• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.93-101
• /
• 2010

Objective : Standard of measurement in Korean Medicine has been changed in dynasty and location. Thus, cun (寸) and chi (尺) as unit of measurement for meridians and acupoints could be recognized as the length of equally divided portions of a certain long bone or the distance between two anatomical landmarks and as an symbolical meaning to date. The goal of this study is to propose a new standard measurement in the metric system for the relative measurement of cun and chi as unit of measurement for meridians and acupoints in normal male legs. Methods : This study was conducted by gauging each parts of normal male legs in the metric system and comparing to the relative measurement of cun and chi as follows; to calculate 1 cun, the length of each parts was divided into the unit of cun referred to Measurement of the Bone in Neijing Lingshu (靈樞 骨度篇); it was compared the unit of cun referred to Measurement of the Bone in Neijing Lingshu with cun which was calculated by dividing subject's height into 75 cun, respectively. Result : There has no significant difference in length of 1 cun among each leg's areas based on a standard of subject's height. The unit of cun by the metric length in the legs was similar to the unit of cun referred to Measurement of the Bone in Neijing Lingshu based on each subject's height. Conclusion : It is suggested that an unit of cun as the measurement for meridians and acupoints in the male legs should be considered to the ranges from 2.4cm to 2.6cm.